Behavior, by holding out the prospect of relief if the worlds concerns were addressed. Once the iaea verifies that iran has taken key steps to rollback its Nuclear Program and extend its breakout time to at least one year, sanctions relief would come into effect. There is no signing bonus. To be clear, there will be no immediate changes to you in, eu, or u. S. Sanctions. Only if iran fulfills the necessary nuclear conditions will be u. N. Suspend secondary sanctions on a limited basis. Of course we must guard against the possibility that i run iran does not uphold it set of the deal. If iran violates its commitments once we have suspended the sanctions, we will be able to snap that vote to the u. S. And human sections. Since prohibiting the human stamp act requires a prohibitive vote from the un Security Council, the United States has the ability to force every imposition the reimposition of those sections. We will maintain significant sections that follow outside the scope of the nuclear dell, deal, including our primary u. S. Trade embargo. With limited exceptions, iran will continue to be net ive access to the Worlds Largest market, and we will maintain powerful sanctions targeting irans support for terrorist groups such as hezbollah, its backing of the resolve machine the assad regime, and its human rights abuses at home. We will not be relieving sanctions on irans guard corps,s subsidiaries, or senior officials. Some argue that sections relief is premature and telegram intel iran faces these activities. I understand the concern but irans ties to terrorist groups are why we must keep it from ever obtaining a Nuclear Weapon. The combination of those two threats would raise a nightmare scenario. A nuclear iran would be a far more menacing threat. If we cannot solve both concerns at once, we need to address them. This will address the nuclear danger, freezing us and our allies freeing us and our allies to monitor iran more aggressively. We must also be measured and realistic and understand what sanctions relief will mean to iran. Irans 1 billion in restrictive foreign reserves, which many fear will be used for nefarious purposes contradicts its longterm savings, not its annual budgetary allowance. We estimate that after sanctions relief, iran will be able to freely exacerbate only half of these reserves, or about 50 billion. That is because over 20 billion is created limited to projects in china, where it cannot be spent, and tens of billions in additional funds are not performing well to irans energy and banking sector. In reality, iran cannot simply spend the resources, as they will likely be needed to meet International Payment obligations. Moreover, president rouhani was elected on a platform of economic revitalization and faces an imperative to meet those promises. He faces over half 1 trillion in pressing half a trillion dollars. Iran is in an economic coal hold that will take years to climb out of. Backing away from the steel to escalate the economic pressure and try to obtain a barter broader capitulation from iran would be a mistake. Even if one believed that extending sanctions pressure was a better course that resolving the threat of irans Nuclear Program, that choice is not available. Our partners agreed to impose costly sanctions on iran for one reason to put a stop to its Nuclear Program. If we change our terms now and insist these countries escalate those sanctions and applied into objectionable activities, they would balk, and we would be left with neither a nuclear deal more effective sanctions. It is unrealistic to think that additional sanctions pressure would force iran to capitulate. It is impractical to believe that we could count on a Global Coalition of partners after turning down a deal that our partners believes is a good one. The plan of action is a strong deal, with phase relief after iran the philss commitments to rollback its Nuclear Program with a powerful step back later if they break the deal. That is an overriding National Security priority, and it should not be put at risk, not at the prospect of an unconstrained Nuclear Program consist presents a threat to the world. Thank you, and we look forward to answering your questions. Thank you very much. Thank you for your testimony. It has been stated many times that the eyes states has maintained its ability to impose sanctions relative to Human Rights Violations and Ballistic Missile issues, and i have read the j cpl a and there are several the jcpoa, and it gives me concerned. Paragraph 29 the parties will refrain from any policies to directly or adversely reflect normalization of trade and economic relations with iran. I just want to get your assurance that we have full ability to use the tools of sanctions against iran for its support of terrorism nonnuclear activities, which include congressional action. It was a matter of extension extensive discussion in the negotiations. We made clear that we retained the ability and we were going to keep in place sanctions on terrorism, on regional destabilization, on Human Rights Violations in fact, we are not lifting sanctions based on those authorities, and we are not designate dedesignating entities designated for those reasons. We also reserve the right to put additional sanctions in place to address concerns about terrorism , human rights, and and when you say we come a that is congress in the United States. Sec. Lew congress has authority in this area. Another is registration pending regarding has the law. We would work with you on legislation. The thing we cant do is we cant just put right back in place everything that was part of the Nuclear Sanctions and put a new label on it. We have reserved our rights to put sanctions in place that address those continuing activities. The iran sanctions act expires at the end of 2016. We will still be in the jcp away jcpoa period of time in which this is a viable hedge against irans cheatings. Congress may want to extend that loss about that power is available immediately if iran were to violate the agreement. Is that permitted under the jcpoa . Sec. Lew if it is on exploration, that is one thing if it is well in advance, that is another. Coming out of the box is different from what you do when it expires. Secretary, the question is why that would be, but we will get to that. There are three types of activities that could take place in violation of the jcpoa by i run. They could be using Nuclear Material in violation, and you have already addressed that issue, but it could involve weaponization or research not using Nuclear Materials. With the 24 day delay in those cases compromise our ability to determine whether ironic is in compliance with the agreement . Sec. Lew again, the Nuclear Material i think we have addressed. It is quite secure. When it goes in to weaponization activities, even there there is a spectrum. For example, working with iranian metal is something that would still involve Nuclear Material. I think we would have strong tools there. We go to some other activities not getting into too many specifics, there will still be a variety of signatures, for example, my second priority on the weaponize asian list would be explosively weaponization list would be explosively driven devices. There are telltale signs that we would have what the iaea inspectors would have access to. When one gets into other areas such as computer modeling, that is a different kind of detection challenge. In all of these cases, to go to undeclared sites we have to rely upon our intelligence capabilities those of our partners, to be able to point the iaea to suspicious activities. But there are none the nuclear signatures, but it does get more copper gated. Sen. Cardin secretary kerry, i want you to elaborate more on our capacity to the time limits, and irans obligations to the time limits in regards to weaponization of a Nuclear Weapon. I understand you so obligations they still have obligations under their nonproliferation treaty and obligations under protocols, but could you tell us how much lead time we will have and what assurances do we have that we will detect and take action before iran becomes a Nuclear Weapons state . Sec. Lew first of all throughout sec. Kerry throughout the entire life of the agreement the protocol provides for the right of access. That is where the 24 hour notice comes from, and they have to respond to it. If we had in the intelligence regarding the suspicious activity or suspicious sites, i would add that among many the p5 plus one israel, other countries we would have an incredible amount of sourcing for this. We would then be able to put the ax down, and they would have to respond to that. If we they dont respond, we would have the ability to put back in place sanctions or take other actions if we deem that appropriate sen. Cardin after the 15 years . Sec. Kerry yes, melanie yes. We also have a plan that tracks centrifuged productions and we have a 25 year insight which is an access and monitoring tracking of their life of the uranium cycle. From the mining, the mills, the yellowcake production, the gasification, the centrifuged out into the wast centrifuge, out into the waste, we will have the ability to monitor that every step of the way. If we have an extra amount of raw uranium or coming out or if there is an excess amount of milling take place taking place and some is averted somewhere, we are going to have extraordinary insight. In addition, under the Additional Protocol and under the iaea process for civil Nuclear Programs, all of the facilities are declared, because it is a civil Nuclear Program. As such, there is literally 20 47 visitation in those sites 24 seven visitation in those sites. 24 7 visitation. We are going to have amazing insight because they are living by the ndt, or allegedly, and thats what we are going to have to make sure they are doing. We have day today insight on to that. Into that. On the agreement, which a number of people called a stork mistake and a tragedy, those same people asked for us to keep that in place a historic mistake, those same people asked us to keep that in place to think years earlier because it worked. Iran has lived up to every component of that. They reduced the 20 uranium they undid iraq, so on and so forth. They will have this level of insight, which i think is not being examined and understood. Nothing ends at 15 years. The size of the stockpile and in things ends. A civil Nuclear Program ors requires enrichment at 5 or so. If you start to enrich higher, around 20 , youre talking about the Tehran Research reactor and a few other things, but there is no rationale for richmond for enrichment above that. We would have insight to that Enrichment Program that would instantly know if they would be able to go some if they were going to go somewhere else. Red flags would be everywhere and we would be able to respond. The fact is the Breakout Team never goes down to a level below which we have an ability to respond. Sen. Cardin thank you. Mr. Chairman, man just ask may i just ask what could be a collateral benefit of this agreement is, going to the uranium supply chain the safeguards i just want to add that this is something the iaea really wants to have much more broadly. This would be a first in moving towards cradletograve safeguards. I might add that there are other parts that we cannot talk about relative to some of their procedures, which i alluded to. I would say to mr. Secretary yes, people have said that they would rather keep it in place and move to something worse. That doesnt mean that people particularly like it in the first place, but on comparison. I just want to clarify that. Sen. Risch senator cardin who i have the highest respect for made a statement, and that is what we really need that we really need to leave emotion out of this. I couldnt agree more. This should be done in a nonemotional way, but that doesnt mean we leave common sense out of this, with all due respect. We have gone to the mantra of no deal is better than a bad deal. I have heard people say that. Now we have gotten to the point where you have to accept this or else its war. The mantra has changed dramatically. All i can say is after reviewing this, even in a cursory fashion anyone who believes this is a good deal really joins the ranks of the most naive people on the face of the earth. When youre dealing with the people we are dealing with, with the history they have of chaining and everything else, anyone who can say this is a good deal i know the justification is well, its not perfect the word perfect should not even be used in a sentence with this agreement. One of the most disappointing things is that we have been told we have no choice in this. We have no choice because we have gone from the position where we started, when we had iran isolated and they reviewed on the world were viewed on the worlds stage as the pariah. If we dont go along with this, the other negotiators well, and the isolate the United States will be isolated on this issue and we will be the pariah. They can about that. Think about that. These negotiateions have gone to a situation where we had iran exactly where he wanted them, but now, if we dont go along with this, we will be the isolated pariah on the national stage. The other thing that was important is verification. We have to have verification. This is the number one thing on verification. Everyone here knows that there is a site called part in. Parchen. It was designed to ensure that Nuclear Ambitions are only for peaceful purposes i heard the secretary say we are going to ensure that Nuclear Ambitions are only for peaceful purposes. How would parchan ensure that . It stays in place. Does that sound like its for peaceful purposes . Let me tell you the worst thing about that. We cant even take samples there. Iaea cant take samples there. They are going to be able to test by themselves. Even the nfl wouldnt go along with this. How in the world can you have a nation like i run iran doing their own testing . Secretary moneys toles dont worry, we are going to watch on tv, and there is secretary moniz told us, dont worry, we can watch it on tv. Are we going to trust ironic iran to do this . That this is a good deal . Dont worry, were going to watch over their shoulder and put protections in place that are bulletproof. We are going to trust iran to do their own testing . This is absolutely ludicrous. The one thing that bothers me incredibly is the billions of dollars that are on is going to get iran is going to get. While they have been in a horrible Financial Condition and we have gotten them there, one of the National Priorities has been there are National Priorities has been to support terrorism stop they have supported hezbollah hamas with financial aid, military aid every can of eight there is. Everything we are trying to do in the world as their fingerprints on it, trying to do us in. These billions of dollars are going to be put back in their hands within nine months. Again we were told yesterday it doesnt matter what we do congress, go ahead and do your thing it doesnt matter because we dont have control over this money, because it was the other people who said they would have control over the money, and no matter what they do they will release billions of dollars. Ive got to tell you, this is a heavy lift when you sleep at night and you say im going to vote to release 50 billion. Started at 100 billion. Now you got it at 50 billion. Knowing that that money a portion of that money is going to be directly transferred to people who are going to be trying to kill americans and are trying to kill innocent people and our allies. To be able to walk away from this and say that this is a good deal is ludicrous. With all due respect, you guys have been bamboozled, and the American People are going to pay. Thank you, mr. Chairman. Senator boxer. My time is up, mr. Chairman. I expect we will hear lots. Sec. Kerry isnt there time built in for answers . I am more than glad for you to take a moment to answer and let this get a fair hearing. Sec. Kerry let me start with a hearing. The comment was made that it is naive if you think this is a good deal. This is an article from the Washington Post. How the iran deal is good for israel. According to israelis, who know what they are talking about. I encourage you to read it. It says here that a host of leaders have come out in various stages of negotiations and support the obama administrations efforts. In an interview this week, the former head of shin bet, or israels top to mystic Security Agency says that israels partitions were playing with fear in a peaceful society. He stated this was an effective way to curb the iranian threat. I dont think hes naive. The former chief of the sod hailed obamas victory. Look folks senator, you said you had them exactly where you wanted them. 90,000 centrifuges. Enough missile material for bombs. Is that where we wanted them . What was the purpose of those sanctions . I was chairman when i passed those, and our purpose was to bring them to negotiations. So weve negotiated. And i guarantee you, for the first 15 years, you have unbelievable restraints that make it impossible to even think about making a bomb. At the end of 15 years you have every option you have today. Your decision is whether you want those 15 years to be right now, or take the 15 years and figure out whether or not this is going to work. That is the choice. I dont know what you mean by we have them right where we wanted them. T