go to cnn.com/violentearth. i'm liev schreiber. thanks for watching. good night. >> please go to cnn.com, violent earth. >> i'm liev schreiber thanks for watching. goodnight it's hard to imagine the power of mother nature. >> what's even if you're in a shelter, even if you're exactly where you're supposed to be during a tornado for those 123 minutes. win everything is falling apart around you. it's chaos my god back out and you're just at the mercy of mother nature really is a terrifying experience to go through right and back welcome to violent earth. i'm liev schreiber 2023 set an all-time record for weather and climate related disasters in the us 28 events with losses over $1 billion wildfires hurricanes, and floods are more frequent than ever the earth is changing tonight. >> we delve into one of the most powerful natural hazards in the world tornadoes terrifying vortexes on leave from thunderstorms that can cause unimaginable destruction few examples of their power are more definitive than the 2011 twister that hit joplin, missouri categorized as an ef5, the highest level possible maximum winds over 200 miles per hour tornado cut right through the center of the city oh, my god oh, my gosh late may is the bullseye in the midwest for tornadoes joplin was under a risk of a tornado, but not a great risk. that is a tornado. people, there was a complex of storms that came toward the city why the tornado formed? just outside of the joplin city limits and then it just started racing in the job one once you're going off on my computer, hurricanes just straight through the heart of joplin, missouri gosh, that is a monster tornado. >> i couldn't really see anything because it was obscured by rain it was rain, rain i think that's why so many people died they did not realize that what they were seeing was the tornado in this case, an ef5 tornado that is catastrophic and by the time they did it's too late as 20 went by, everything was gone. it was like a bulldozer. level everything in its path i just couldn't believe what i was seeing that millions and millions of pieces of debris the tornado was on the ground for 32 minutes. designs arguing it hits them convenience store on east 20th street they had locked it just so the door wouldn't fling open. >> listen to the audio those are 20 entered the center part of the city that they hit the high school. >> and that's with a max damage occurred that aliens video from the high school is no more than 100 yards from amber manson's house in 2011, amber was 40-years-old amber's always been amber just always generous, kind, and hospitable and just fun to be around nima was home that afternoon she wasn't aware that the tornado was coming. >> she didn't never tv on and no indicators that it was going to be that severe i had spoken to her she said, oh, it's just turned really dark here and then she said now, the sirens are going off. >> and that's a nice say go take the quilt off the top of your bed and getting your bathtub. i said and then call me back very few houses in joplin particularly in the path of what turned out to be this tornado, had basements so the best place to go is either a closet or in your bathtub you want to get as low as you can put as many walls between you and the tornado was possible oh, gosh, i was concerned when she said the sirens were going off. >> i wouldn't even imagine the magnitude of witnesses going to come amber monson probably 15 seconds before the tornado hit realized just how bad it was going to be and bang the tornado here for tornadoes to form. >> you have to have a certain set of ingredients first of all, you have to have moisture available for thunderstorms to develop. you have to have a source of lift or a trigger those thunderstorms to get going you have to have unstable air, which is temperatures that get colder with height and that allows the thunderstorm to rise and develop vertically the most important ingredient is you have to have wind shear, which is changing of wind direction with height and also changing wind speeds with height there's all sorts of different shapes fernandez can take we have a stove pipe which is kind of like a straight up and down type tornado. we have obviously a cone that makes sense since it's a cone shape. another one is the wedge, and that's usually the most intense different tornadoes have different smells when a tornado is going through a densely wooded area, you can smell fresh cup would the frehse combine whatever the tree is the typical widths or anywhere from probably 25 to 50 dr. >> it's across on the low end two on the high end mile wide the largest one i've ever seen well, as the el reno, oklahoma tornado and that was over two miles wide the joplin, 20 caitlin, mile-wide wedge right on the edge of town the tornado was massive. >> it was chewing up everything in its path who's no mercy at all thursday night my from midland the most anticipated moment of this election. biden not try and run it been america just the future, because that's we are a nation of possibilities trump. >> we had the best economy, we had the best border, we had the best of everything. and now we get to do it all over again. we're going to do it even better. >> two very different visions for america. one unprecedented night moderated by jake tapper and dana bash, the cnn presidential debate thursday night at nine live on cnn and streaming un-backed lowering bad cholesterol can be hard, even with a statin diets and exercise add to the struggle the effort can feel overwhelming but today it's possible to go from struggle to cholesterol success with lech v0 taken with a stack black v0 is proven to lower bad cholesterol by 50%. so if you feel like you're getting nowhere go with two doses a year of lectio and keep bad cholesterol low common side effects were injection site reaction, joint pain and chest cold when you're ready to go from struggle to cholesterol success talk to your doctor about twice 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here at cnn, joplin, missouri, suffering the devastation right now, but very powerful tornado amber lived in what i would call a very middle-class area of joplin these beautiful coin. so division and now it's leveled it was just total devastation are phone ring and it was her and she was screaming, mother and my house is on top of me that's when i said amber it's not funny because we would always good back-and-forth. >> but she said no mom, my house is on top then her vomer did so there's a lot of myths that have been passed down through the years. doors and windows on the north and east sides were open whenever i was growing up, i heard you got to open up the windows to equalize the air pressure. we'll pressure is not what will cause damage to a halt we end getting up under the blowing of roof off another big misconception is it? >> if you're out in a vehicle that an overpass is a great place to take shelter that is not a good place to go. scientists of realized that being in that overpass creates a bit of a wind tunnel effect that the wind is blowing through a smaller area so it can actually accelerate the wind speeds. so you're putting yourself in greater danger there's a really popular misconception that mobile homes are like tornado attractors. >> and what's behind that is undoubtedly that people hear about mobile homes getting hit more because that's where people die roughly half of the deaths in tornadoes occur in mobile and manufacture homes they're much more vulnerable to tornado and tend to turn into debris quicker there are myths that tornadoes can't cross bodies of water oh, tornadoes can go through cities but there are no rules when it comes to 20 those they go where they want to go the deadliest tornado in us history is march 18, 1925. the tri-state tornado that went across southeastern missouri, southern illinois, in the southwestern indiana and it killed 695 people over about a two-and-a-half-hour long period. >> generally, after a tri-state tornado, we see like a tenfold decrease in the fatality rate from tornadoes as compared to 1925 we think there are a lot of things that could be going on behind that. >> there is the emergence of radio and people downstream could hear about it immediately. radar has had something to do with this, increases in our understanding of storms and now the ability to push warnings to people on their cell phones but the may 22, 2011 20 or the joplin, missouri was the deadliest tornado in decades in the united states the net being the seventh deadliest in us history on that day. it didn't matter what type of forecasting skills you had, what technology the tornado one everything basically is a three-foot forfeit pile debris everywhere. stores your eye could see just debris everywhere there's really nothing standing he didn't neighborhood there were 16 people that very geoff petroski sees a lady who is hysterical, has no idea what has happened to her and that's amber munson you could hear amber before you saw her. that's what i remember more than anything is hearing her cries out in coming towards us jeff jumped out of the car immediately and raced towards her hello. hello how did she survive once a tornado sirens went off and the light started flickering. i grabbed a pill and a blanket and my phone and i jumped into the bathtub i decided to roll over on my right side and i kinda got into a fetal position and covered myself up. but as the pressure started coming, the baths started bouncing. so it was very minor at first, not realizing that you're going to get sucked out of your house after the tornado hit. >> i remember hearing the glass shatter, but i don't remember flying in the tornado amber munson when it's flying ended up in someone else's yard when i woke up, i just remember being upside down, buried within the rubble i knew i was alive, but i still question whether or not it was going to survive because of the stuff that was falling on me. >> i think just wanting to survive kicked in for her i kinda wiggled myself out so that i could get up and that's when i got out of the whole i had twisted my knee and i had a puncture wound in my bag but she's alive. >> it was a miracle. >> the joplin tornado, having lived through it made me realize that people don't take them serious enough. you see people that go stand on the front porch wanting to capture these things not realizing how risky they really can be oh my god. historically the soviet union killed traders i started to run two kgb cars, had come behind. i didn't know what to do secrets and spies. a nuclear game tomorrow at ten on cnn i'm getting vaccinated pfizer's pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine because i'm at risk for pneumococcal pneumonia i already gotten pneumonia vaccine, but i'm asking about the added protection of krever, not 20. >> if you're 19 or older with certain chronic conditions like asthma, diabetes, copd, or heart disease, or are 65 or older, you are at increased risk for 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wagmeister in los angeles in this closed captioning brought to you by gilt visit gilt.com today for up to 70% off designer brands, it has the designers that get your heart racing had inside a prices, new every day, hurry. >> there'll be gone in a flash designer sales at up to 70% or so of gilt.com today for chasing has gotten extremely popular over the past couple of decades desk put it people do it in large part for the thrill and for the excitement of seeing the event number to the original tornado is still on the ground. >> once you get out here, we see a storm in the open plains and amazing structure that has its mesmerizing and it can become even addicting my goodness that was a thing of beauty and violence there's a side to it that's almost like a hunter because you're trying to narrow down where in the country this relatively rare phenomenon is going to take please now thousands of people who do this. there's even two we're groups nowadays and you can get into a van and go with the group of fellow enthusiasts and drive out on the plains and see the majestic skies in united states, we average more than 1,200 tornadoes per year. that is number one in the world by a long shot the second closest is canada, which only gets 100 per year. you can actually add canada, australia, and all european countries combined. and we he still see more than they do tornadoes are most common in the midwest we also have another area that's really prone to tornadoes in our southeastern states the tornado season depends on where you are in the country, in the plains. >> tornado season there's typically over a relatively short period of time in the spring time in the southeastern united states, tornadoes are more likely to occur at anytime of the year it was actually, can and do strike all over the country tornadoes have been known to be in every state of the us, they have met in the highest of mountains, beaches, and offshore over the last 50 years. >> what we've seen, it's been an increase in the number of tornadoes in will be think of this mid south. it looks like it's associated with physical changes in the atmosphere, but we don't have a real underlying reason of why that's occurred a rare sight in the skies over japan, a powerful twist ripping across the eastern part of the nation. tornadoes occur worldwide. >> your past 20 south america has 20 ells, australia, japan, but the united states has a unique combination of geographical features that can lend itself to a lot of tornadoes. the gulf of mexico that provides the very warm, humid air. then you also get cooler, drier air that's coming down from canada or off the rockies there's really no other place in the world that has the exact combination of ingredients, like we do here in the united states storm chasing has definitely evolved into this kind of social media era. where are we northeast and people want to be seen? >> they want to be the chaser that everybody thinks of doing. the live streams posts in front of a tornado and whatnot storm chasing is a double-edged sword it's very valuable when it comes to learning more about the science behind storms but it can also be dangerous if you're not 100% sure of what you're doing the biggest danger of strong jason has always been the driving you tend to judge where the tornado is going. but that doesn't always group there's so many people who chased now in some storms. >> the traffic is actually a serious problem. >> what i'm chasing out and the planes i'm have to see dozens of other chasers want to begin storm chasing. there were no other chasers david hardly whether he likes it or not, is the father of modern day storm chasing david wholly as the first person to truly go out and seek tornadoes driving long distances, attempting to come up with some sort of formula to see tornadoes he holds the record for the longest consecutive years of storm chase i've been storm chasing 66 years and i've seen 265 tornadoes so my first tornado in 1958, i think this is one of the things that appeal to me. it was the element of mystery. of what causes these storms. there was so much it was unknown 2023, i saw david hold layout chasing man's 85-years-old. he's been doing it for most of his life and he's still out there doing it every single year it's, not like spelunking or surf boarding you can return the ocean, you could climb the mountains again and again again but that one tornado, that one storm once it's gone, it's out. its history to have a picture of it, have a video or anything else of it? >> is to say that i've captured something that will never happen again thursday night live from atlanta. >> the most anticipated moment of this election biden, made america isn't future because that's where we are a nation of possibilities. >> trump. >> we had the best economy we had the best border, we had the best of everything, but now we get to do it all over again. we're gonna do it even better. two very different visions for america. >> 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list of place sometimes it takes a different approach to imagine your future differently. okay, with capelli universities game changing, flex path format you can own your nursing degree without putting my phone hold a you've seen this light, was the dish. one. you're telling me you can get directtv, vogue good stuff, and you don't need a satellite dish i used to love doing my business on those things yeah, one sick pigeon then dishes kept the rain off our beaks. we just have different priorities satellite free directtv never thought i'd see the day. >> well, our lifespans are quite short. extreme directtv there'll become future southeastern guide dogs i'm even mckenzie in washington and this is cnn trios, the most common four to 8:00 p.m. because that's when the atmosphere his warmest you get the sunshine heats things up, creates the most instability that instability is fuel for thunderstorms may 22, normal sunday we went fishing for a little bit we're getting ready to take my cousin lh home. i was ten and low age was 14 and my grandpa from us like, hey, i need some wiring for my garage at home depot i would say probably around 5515 ish. >> the skies start and get a little kind of weird looking i grew up, he went inside of home depot and my cousin, my grandma, and myself, we're all sitting in the truck we heard the sirens go off but we just ignored them. like normal then. >> also went from dark to light. midnight black almost. >> we're trying to open up the doors of the truck and the winds are just go into a fast and then my cousin, he is like, well, the trucks tearing up and then at that moment the truck flipped on its side and cost sucked into the vortex we could hear everything like the hail hitting the truck and stuff it felt, terrifying to be in that tornado you see like the wizard of all is, and it's almost like but in real life it's loud and you don't know what's going on low age was sucked out of the truck. i felt like i was slipping out of the truck and i would hold onto my grandma tannin and then i felt the truck land like the tires bounce and i was like, okay i'm alive at least all i felt was like my ribs were broken i realized that something was actually in me most people were killed in $20 by flying debris. >> violent tornadoes, consistent anything that tornado brings into the air so often, a lot of dust and dirt and plants, branches and then if it's a more violent tornado that can include debris like planks of wood, shards of glass. >> i hear my grandma lh lh it's like memo i hear him he was outside of the truck it wasn't like i'm here or i'm okay it was moaning oh, no one 10 my god one of the things about a tornado is that it's producing a lot of small pieces of debris that are flying a water, 50 miles an hour and even ordinary objects, dinner plates two-by-fours, but come really, really deadly at those kinds of high speeds. i knew after job one how destructive a tornado could be. >> it was moving so slowly then it was like a blender. >> everything on the ground was getting totally mixed together. and it just hit you again and again and again and again. >> i saw a piece of cardboard that actually penetrated into the exterior insulation, finished system on a school at the hospital they had 1 $1,000,000 helicopter. >> all of the rotors are gone. if a roder of a helicopter is flying by at 100 miles an hour, what is that going to do to a human body how far that are buried? >> he goes is going to depend on essentially how heavy it is the heavier stuff gets centrifuged out so big chunks of structures automobiles lighter debris though, like a piece of paper that won't get centrifuge down. that'll instead go up through the funnel and, then reaching altitudes of 40, 50,000 feet. and there certainly testimonials out there, people finding pieces of paper or photographs, 5,200 miles from their origin in the wake of a tornado we thought it was only like 20 minutes before health derived and ended up almost being two hours when the paramedics came, they spotted ladies first because he's outside they carry laid out on a two-by-four and they brought him to the ambulance and the paramedic dumped out and said he's not going to make it the other ones were trying to put me out i had a one. it speaks to angular and go through my right shoulder break seven ribs punctured my lower lung and come up my back a fourth inch away from my spine, and a fourth inch away from my liver they ended up having to use an electric saw it felt like 5,000 bees stinging me at one time and i had arrived sitting on the structure, sitting up once they took my cousin to the hospital, they black tag them, put them in the more luck than for death a nurse came in and she touched his arm inhale at a horrifying screen, and she grabbed doctor said, i think we can save him two hours later, he was in the or after the tornado. i had 13 surgeries in total the course of three years wage was on, the ventilator for at least two weeks. he has a brace on his leg and he can't really use his right arm, but he did survive the may 22, 2011, 20 old killed hundred and 58 people directly in their three indirect deaths we did not know that we could experience tornadoes. >> this steadily. in modern times check your nothing, a space shuttle accidents using that one thing, it's a series of events is that part of the wing coming apart space shuttle columbia, the final flight. now streaming on max the cdo is about the takeoff. there's no one that goes the things i do. >> we are personal limit so what pro wrestling can be we wednesday night dynamited aid on tbs nice to meet yet, my name is david. >> i've been a pharmacist for 44 years when i have customers come in and ask for something for memory, i recommend provision. number one because it's safe and effective does not require a prescription. and i've been taking quite a while myself and i know it works and i love it when the customers come back in and tell me, david, that really works so 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backed by a lifetime warranty and expert customer service, smart liner, close captioning brought to you by guilt, visit gilt.com today for up to 70% off designer brands has the designers that get your heart racing had inside a prices new every day, hurry. >> there'll be gone in a flash designer sales at up to 70% or so of gilt.com today nighttime tornadoes are more dangerous than the same tornado in the data time for a lot of reasons we ascribe this to the fact that people are just less aware at night i was chasing that day oh, what was that? >> i think i see it i start to see the shape of the tornado come into b. >> are no, this is a significant tornado oh, wow, that is huge. okay and then i just see the top maido, an absolute beast marching off to the northeast and it's moving towards populated area now he was heading in from one small community to another small community. >> and we knew based on where this was going, if you draw a line, is coming, rights mayfield the mayfield again, was moving at the upper end of tornadoes speeds 60, 65 miles an hour this is something that is very high-end speeds certainly can't play an impact on how dangerous a tornado is. >> a faster tornado is going to give you less time to react. >> the speed at which the tornado is going to move along is going to roughly match the speed that the parent thunderstorms moving along in some cases, we've seen storms move as fast as 60, 607080 miles per hour because they're embedded in very strong winds there is one, example of a man in illinois back in 2013. he's filming a tornado that is often a distance, but he quickly realizes it's actually headed right towards he and his home i'm going to go a payment order about 45 seconds later. >> he gets to look at the scope of the damage that's been done to his house. >> oh, my god our house was freakin destroyed the survivors i've spoken with, they just experience what feels like a building dissolving. one minute, i was in a building and the next minute i just wasn't like a balm has hit it, is obliterated so what is maximum intensity? the peak winds were up to 100 190 miles per hour that's enough to just destroy anything in its path nothing can stand up to that you knew people were going to lose their lives. that night once the tornado approached, may feel that came in from the southwest side of town i had a few officers on shift with me that we had decided that we were going to go ahead and meet at the police department the services all started going down. >> suddenly the power and the entire town went off and of course when that happened, we knew that it was probably about to hit remember, officer simpson went to the front window and he adg elders debris coming in and as i watched him turn and run towards us, the whole front of the building just exploded inward on us you almost get him tell which way was up there was so much wind and debris. it was it was almost like being underwater mayfield water and electric, their facility was just on the edge of the worst damage path even there you saw the massive amounts of debris that was blowing pieces of wood flying through the air like missiles and they weren't even entered directly in the core of that tornado one of the buildings that was close to the police department that got hit real hard was the fnb bank right there on the court square? all of a sudden boom tornado hits it's that fast the candle factory is a major employer in mayfield this was right before christmas a lot of people that were working extra hours tried to do over time and their facility was packed that friday night i was working in mcp, the candle factory that but man, don't did work together. >> it's a factory usually they can not to put coupled together, but for some reason we will is made it work he miss, though goofy hate doing the same to put a smile on anybody's face the night of the storm, the couple were sheltering together when the tornado hit the candle factory i didn't near a single thing. >> it all. i'll i heard was people talking and then all of a sudden someone said, take cover the best way i can describe it would be a war zone. >> i remember thinking the amount of force that could have caused that. how could anybody survive what i was looking at? >> joanna ever ten feet from each other one at first it kiana parsons was an employee there at the candle factory and kiana goes on facebook live that night to try to get help from the outside. >> we are trapped. in the law window waiting for the people aecom get math, but i'm stuck underneath this but what i'm really scared, i'm trying to be cool, but here it's open the session volunteer job. >> people the one matches they are unpredictable, sleeping giants. >> every volcano has its own personality. and if we don't understand them, they are windows into part of our planet. lives will be lost. violent earth with liev schreiber tomorrow would nine on cnn debate in america as biden and trump meet. and only cnn has 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the state of alabama, there were 62 tornadoes that hit that day it seems that every hour that passes today, the news out of the south just gets worse after the alabama outbreak. there was kind of a renaissance in our field because we hadn't experienced an event that was, that deeply catastrophic in so long there were hundreds of fatalities and we hadn't lost that many people in a tornado outbreak since 1974 of the silver linings of the april 27th outbreak was an understanding that we need do a whole lot more work on social science with respect to forecast i describe myself as a tornado epidemiologist. it's really someone who tries to understand the circumstances that lead someone to be injured or die from something what are the factors that explain fatalities and what kinds of interventions can we design? >> whether in our communication system or structurally in our communities to help mitigate that threat. >> among the things studied was the amount of time given to warn the public about tornadoes a tornado warning is issued when a storm is either actively producing a tornado or it looks really likely to and we're starting to explore it. >> what is the right amount of lead time to give people what they figured out was there is such a thing as too much lead time. if you give people too much time say it's going to be 20 minutes before the tornado arrives. many people will look out their window and see see that it's still blue skies. the storm hasn't gotten there yet, and either they think they have more time than they do, or they think the storm isn't really going to hit them so there is such a thing as too much lead time also, what they're studying is how people react to the warning they're given fear is a really challenging component of this entire equation. >> there has been no example. i've seen that is clearer of this fear effect than what happened in oklahoma in 2013 on may 20th, we had the tornado that went through oklahoma city in more and killed 24 people, including several children in school after that we, had just days and days of storms and everyone was tryst on edge and when may 31st, 2013? a two mile wide tornado hit el reno, just west of oklahoma city we saw spontaneous mass evacuation ahead of that tornado. highways were clogged for over 30 miles they found out because of fear, people actually did the opposite of what they're supposed to do. they fled their homes, they fled their businesses, places that normally would have been safe when that happens in math, that becomes very dangerous, you end up getting stuck in traffic as a tornado hits and we're still waiting to hear word on what happened to the 110 people who were inside this candle factory once we were able to get down there and assist, i saw that this whole building was just gone so i'm the lead me on. >> i weren't at the factory and we can make told us not to move a cause and stuff to fall morning and we know one man but my rigging your home. so one of the things that you'll notice if you see qian has facebook video was how resilient she was and her efforts to say positive i want and gerais what i want games. >> right now it's we'd be fine and we're going to be out tomorrow. >> yeah. my birthday is in a couple of hours it's almost 10:00. nothing happy birthday to me you got to think that'd be birthday to me birthday. everybody told me i'd be birthday andrea, maybe canberra. come down, come down, calm down we're going to be okay under are permanent i was under the rubble approximately about three hours. i see one of the rescued people and i'm crying. i'm like, please don't leave me. he says no, no, no, we're not going to leave you trooper that was at the top grant my arm and he pulled and so get out and every step i made there was someone grabbed my hands, someone grabbed my hand. and just there for me felt like a wall on top of me and three girls next to me and i don't know who it was, but somebody came and lifted it up and got us all out the minute i actually got out, i fell to my knees and just broke because i had no idea where joe was i wanted to go back and look for him. >> i was told that was not allowed it hit friday night at 9:30 monday border because mom called me she's like all what they found deep hello i had hoped for for for all of tuesday and she's like auto easy he make it. i wish i could go back to not knowing because. there was hope that they they might still find him i pray that nobody else has to go through this we have so much technology. >> we have the ability to control so much in our lives these days you still can't control mother nature you can't control a tornado. you can't control what it does. and no matter how prepared you may be. you're still at the mercy of what these storms decided to do i have a very healthy respect for mother nature and tornadoes and what they could do it can ruin your the entire life. >> it can destroy everything you know in 2011, i for the joplin tornado amber monson had lost her house most of her possessions and all of her treasured photographs. >> but months later a miracle there was a craigslist post from a stranger over 50 miles away would found a photograph in their yard. it was a picture sucked up by the tornado a baby photo of amber the only one to survive the woman mailed it back to amber along with $5 well, she could afford wanted to give to help amber start her life over for mo