mckay: this is happening now, if you can possibly believe that. the terrorists are saying theyey'll blow up p the schoo, killing all the children inside. the german police haveve been wawaging a relelentless wawr against the terrorists, capturing some, killing some. man: the british army are the terrorists. francis: no one, even the most powerful, has immunity from these urban guerillas. brinkley: there are 298 people held hostage. those people, they have good ideals, they're just going about them the wrong way. we are ready to go on until martyrdom. mckay: the communiqué ended with the appeal,l, "revolutionaries of the world, unite." [ indiststinct shoututing ] [ sirens wail ] terrorist attacks, especially where hostages are taken, have become increasingly common. there have been bombings, shootings, and strikes in northern ireland. arab guerillas fired at an israeli school bus near the lebanese border. the 1970s saw the development of the terrorist repertoire. cronkikite: gangs s of young p , products o of the riototous 19, preferred terror, kidnapping, bombing, arson, machine guns, deaths, and destruction. burrough: it was a global thing. in the '70s, those who wanted change faster than was gonna cocome resosorted to viviolence. japan hahas had its first t plane hijajackin. the chronicle of terrorism, which took them as far as athens, greece. most americans thought of terrorism as a p problem thahat happens a world,d, or half a a world, a. throughout the 1970s, terrorism began to hit home. [ exexplosions ] ] an elegant townhouse in new york's greenwich village was destroyed by a series of dynamite explosions. reporter: authorities first assumed an accidenental detonanation inin a gas linine had d been respoponsible, exexcept that t the blast t d beenen just too o powerful,, deststroying thehe $100,000 0 e and d badly damamaging ththe two neigighboring hoho, one belonging to actor dustin hoffman. and as firemen picked their way through the rubble, they fouound a basemement workp with s sticks of d dynamite and the e materialss neededed to make b bombs. crononkite: threree bodies w e fofound in thehe rubble --- two memberers of the violencece-orientedd weathehermen groupup. the new york cell of the weather underground was s beginning g to build b s that were e to be placaced thatat night at an offificers' dancnce at forort dix, newew jersey. however,r, somethingng went ba, and ththree of thehem ended up . repoporter: the e daughter of the buiuilding's owowner and another girl fled right after the blast. i just went into survival mode, both to o get out ofof the hoe and d then to geget away frfrom the pololice. at that point i was a combatant. the student protestotors of t the '60s have turnened into morore seris revolutitionaries usining far morere lethal wewe. wiwilkerson: t the '60s, w we wl about chchanging heaearts and m. the '70s was more just about expressing anger. internatational polilitics anand domesticic politicss seemed to be decided by violence, and violence only begets violence. cronkitete: from thehe undergro, ththat radicalal left-wingng g, the weweathermen, , promises me atattacks on t the establilist araround the e entire coununy ststarting nexext week. the medium for this message was a tape recording reputedly by the fugitive weathermen leader bernadine dohrn. dohrn: sisters and brothers, we are not just attacking targets. we are briringing a pipitif, helplessss giant to o its kn. guard your colleges, guard your banks, guguard your c children, guard d your doorsrs. at one minute before 1:00 this morning, the switchboard at the capitol received a phone call. a man's voice said a bomb would go off in the building in half an hour. at 1:30 in the morning, it did. credit for the bombing was claimed by the weather underground. in 1971, i it appears s that wer is r really aimiming even hihi. and atat that point, their idea was fewer bombs, higher-profile targets. weather undederground bombed t the capitolol to bring joy, to bring joy to america, to bring a smile and a wink to all the kids who hate the american government. wilkerson: when the police killed young black people, we bombed the police headquarters. when w washington n escalated the wawar into camambodia, we b bombed the e capitol. a a bomb exploloded earlieir thisis morning i in the pentnt. wilkerson: it was trying to exact a small l price for these policy decisions that were so unjust. repoporter: muchch of the pepen isis a public c area wiwith visitorors and toururs roroaming throrough the haha. but securirity was tigighter ty than yesesterday. ththe '70s is s a first grgreaa of mass s air travelel. at thihis time thehere was viriy nono security y at airports. you could literally walk through the terminal, sometimemes even ontnto the ple without anyone checking your bags or your person. jenkins: one of the reasons for the rise of contemporary international terrorism was the development of modern jet air transportation. thesese were natationally lalad containersrs of potential hostages at 35,000 feet. good evening. the middle east conflict boiled over today with four airplane hijackings, including one that was aborted at london's heathrow airport. today palestinian commandos took over a british airliner, the fourth successful hijacking in as many days. the jetliner was forced to land at the jordanian desert airfield already occupied by two other big planes -- a twa and a swswiss airlinine. brinkley: : now there e are 298 8 people heleld hostagee on a bleakak, hot, dusty airstsp out in the desert, and they are surrounded by arabs who say they will kill them all if there is any attempt at rescue. jennings: the popular front for the liberation of palestine, the pflp, proudly claimed credit for the coordinated actions. ththe arabs, not justst palestininians, look at t israel as an occucupying forcrce. it's occupupying arab b land. and they don't believe that israel should be there. that's the basis of the conflict. abu sharif: there is a group from pflp on every plane, explain our problem, the palestinian problem. and to j justify the way wewe are doingng thins to convince the whole world. to the palalestinians,s, they thought ththey have nono choie but to turn to violencnce becaue no onene's listenining to the. the e american g girl , could d she tell u us w the passengers are? hoffman: the terrorists certainly used the media. this wasas an eventt that w was maximizized for its glglobal attenention. and it provided d an opportutuy to r really illuluminate the terrororists' cause. are we r rolling? whwhat the palalestinians s sa, how come t the world has so mucuch pity for r these few w hundred pepe inin the deserert, when for 2 20 years they had n no pity for our twtwo and a hahalf miln in thehe desert. the hijackckers have p placed dynamite a aboard the e plane, and a red cross official said today the planes can now be blown up at the push of a button. arab guerillas today blew up three jets worth $25 million. all the passengers had been taken off before the dynamiting, some at the last moment. simon: the black clouds could be seen for miles. anand a new ststage in thehe dag polititical situatation had be. they d don't call l this terror. we call itit terrorismsm. they c call it national r resistance.e. for us, wiwith dawson'n's fie, it was clear that thehe palestininian probm was nonot going awaway. there was s more violelence inin northern n ireland toto, the worst outbreak of street fighting to hit belfast in several months. reporter: the battle has been transformed. instead of acting as referee between warring communities, the army is now fighting britain's first urban guerilla war. the enemy is the outlawed irish republican army. english: the provisional i.r.a., the i.r.a. of the 1970s, used violence that many of us would d consider to be teterroristic,c, anand they usesed that vioiole to put preressure on t the brih to withdraw from northern ireland and to bring about an independent, united sovereign country, free from british rule. this was a sunday that people of northern ireland will not forget. [ indistinct shouting ] it all started when catholics organized a demonstration to protest a continued interment of suspected terrorists. the demonstration, as all demonstrations, was banned by the government. it was intended to be a protest which was not about ususing violenence. but t when some e of the marchs stopped and threw stones at the soldiers, it led to a dramatic and awful overreaction. [ [ gunshots ] [ gunshots continue ] utley: at least 13 people, civilians, were killed, shot to death by british soldiers. soldier: do not fire back for the moment! quinn: bloody sunday was the breaking point, where from then on, it was a war between the british army a and the i.r.. maman: the british army are the terrorists. they introduced a terrorist situation, not us. the army will stay in northern ireland as long as any faction seeks to terrorize or intimidate ordinary people. [ explosions ] [ siren wails ] chancellor: there was bad trouble in belfast, northern ireland, today, and the only word to describe it is "ghastly." the irish republican army set off more than 20 explosions for an hour and a half, creating a scene of bloody carnage without parallel in the long history of northern irish violence. 13 people are known dead, more than 120 injured. english: that day became known as bloody friday. it was part of their campaign to try and undermine british rule in northern ireland, and to make northern ireland effectivelely ungovernrnable. rereporter: no warningngs were giviven, and the targets seem to have been chosen precisely because they would be crowded with people at that time of day. english: what they managed to do was make the percussive regularity of bombs going off the norm in northern ireland during the 1970s. rereporter: whwhat do you k wiwill happen?n? boy: people will just keep going and going on. it's got to end sometime. uh, sometime, but don't know when. nobody knows. ♪ i'm jim m mckay, spepeaking tou live at this moment from abc headquarters just outside the olympic village in munich, west germany. the olympics of serenity have become the one thing the germans didn't want them to be, the olympics of terror. i was in my bed at the hotel. and the phphone rang,, and ththey said, "you better get in here. some terrorists have taken over the apartments of the israeli team." [ siren wails ] and i said, "they did what?" atat about 5:0:00 this mornig bebefore dawn,n, arab guerillas, believed now to be five in number, got over the fence into the headquarters of the israeli team. jenkins: this was the first olympics that was going to have unprecedented live television coverage. mcmckay: this s is happenining f you cacan possiblyly believe t. arab guerillas are still holding, inside the rooms of the israeli olympic team, nine people, one of them believed dead. this is a live picture you're looking at right now. that room on the end, and there again is the head of one of the guerillas. part of terrorism is theater. munich wasas so shockiking becacause... because we televised it. the teterrorists have now t tossed a papaper out of a window of the israeli quarters. it bore the title "communique" and lists five points of their ultimatum. hoffman: the first purpose was to seize the israeli athletes as hostages and then to barter them for the e release of impririsoned palelestinian. but t the wider, more strategic purpose was to shower unprecedented attention on the palestinian cause. jennings: it does appear to be confirmed, though anything confirmed today is difficult, that these guerillas are from the very extreme left wing group called black september. the communiqué ended with the appeal, "revolutionaries of the world, unite." black september actually came out of fatah. fatatah was yasssser arafat. he had been involved in the palestinian cause since the 1960s. [ speaking arabic ] baer: arafat thought he was the leader of the palestinians, and he was, in effect. i mean, he couldn't control all of them, but in as much as they had an elected representative, it wasas yasser ararafat. mckay: m more than f five minus pastst the deadldline, and the arab guerillas said they would execute their hostages, and it appears that a conference is still on. an estimated 900 million people that had tuned in to watch t the olympicic gams araround the w world werere now transnsfixed watctg ththis grisly y terrorist t da play o out in front ofof the. jejennings: ththe israeli i hos and the e arab commamandos who haveve held themem hostae fofor this entire dayy have now left to a makeshift helicopter pad at the back of the olympic village. the israelis wanted to come in and try and rescue them, and the e germans sasaid no. you know, , when the b bad numr comes upup, it comeses up very . reportrter: we finind that this dramama has not e ended. the ferry helicopter now... jenkins: the german police were set up at the nearby airbase to neutralalize the teterroris and therebeby rescue t the host. [ [ gunfire ]] mckay: the latest word we get from the airport is that "all hell has broken loose out there." that there is still shooting going on. therere is reporort of a b burning helelicopter. pedahzhzur: policece forces had no t training in this s ar. theyey didn't exexpect people who o were heavivily armed thatat were willlling to sacace ththeir lives s for a causu. they've e now said that thehere were 1111 hostag. two were killed in their rooms this mor-- yesterday morning. nine were killed at the airport tonight. they're all gone. ♪ jenkins: this stunned the world. hundreds of millions were appalled by this event. and it galvanized a number of nations to beginin to take t the probm of tererrorism morore serious. smsmith: a lot o of steady anand hard thougught has to bebn toto how we gogot into a s sitn inin which tininy bands of ruthlhless terrororists can disrupt whole nations. itit's going t to be unplelea, bubut civilizezed people a areg to have e to acceptt much more e police sececurity an and d put up mucuch tougherr resiststance, israraeli-like, until the fashion dies out or is discredited by defeats. nice footwork. man, you're lucky, watching live sports never used to be this easy. now you can stream all your games like it's nothing. yes! [ cheers ] yeah! woho! running up and down that field looks tough. it's a pitch. get way more into what you're into when you stream on the xfinity 10g network. there's been a a big kidnapping on the west coast. the victim is patricia hearst, the daughter of newspaper executive randolph hearst and the granddaughter of the legendary william randolph hearst. threlkeld: patricia hearst is 19. she and her fiancé were in her apartment last night whenen a woman and two o armed men n burst i, dragged patricia down the stairs, threw her into the trunk of a car and drove off. justice dedepartment officials suspect the kidnapping may be part of a nationwide campaign of terrorism. [ telephone rings ] threlkeld:d: it had bebeen threree days of f false alars untitil news camame that t this berkeleley radio s n had d received what looks to be the first real message from the kidnappers. burrough: the overwhelming irony of the patty hearst kidnapping is that the most marginal of groups manages to pull off what is, after watergate, the biggesest media spspectace of the d decade. the kidndnappers arere membes of a tererrorist groroup that calls itself the symbionese liberation army. oliver: the s.l.a. is seeking the alliance of all g groups in t this couny who oppose the present system and its government. it calls on them to unite into a fighting force, with the demands of the slogan of the s.l.a., "death to the fascist insect that preys on the life of the people." we love you, patty, and we're all praying for you. i know t those peoplple. theyey have goodod ideals. they're just going about them the wrong way. burrough: initially, patty's kidnapping progresses exacactly like you would expec. but then things start to get seriously weird. papatty hearstst claims she has s now becomeme "tania " newest recruit in the symbionese liberation army. burrough: at least initially there's widespread skepticism that patty hearst would join this group. it w wasn't until she actually showed up in the middle of an s.l.a. bank robbery with a machine gun, that suddenly all the country and all the world realized that this heiress was now papart of an u undergrd terrorisist group. reporter: she held that weapon like she would use it? yes, absolutely. i thought she would, any minute. jenkins: people really didn't understand, at this time, the hostage reaction. the term "stockholm syndrome" hadn't yet become current. well t there's a f fascinatingne inin stockholmlm last yearar, i recall, it was a bank robbery in stockholm. one of the women who was held hostage is waiting for the robber to get out of jail to marry him. cavett: what?! it's this traumatic experience in which the individual is reduced to total helplessness and begins to identify in a human sense with the captor. good evening. patty hearst has been taken into custody. the fbi says patty hearst was picked up today in san francisco. the hearst newspaper heiress has been missing for 19 months. burrough: by the time patty is finally apprehended, it's almost anti-clilimactic. patttty's famousus line when she's s taken to t the courthoe and asked her occupation, she replies, "urban guerilla." miss heaearst was drdrawn ininto a groupup of young g pe who saw themselves as political idealists. their story seems to say something about the futility of terrorism as a shortcut for persuasion. but somehow the message doesn't seem to be reaching the weather underground or northern ireland or the middle east. good evening. for the second time in a month, arab terrorists have staged a bloody attack inside israel. it happened in a small settlement called ma'alot, 5 miles from the border of lebanon. it began when the terrorists seized the high school. hoffman: in the aftermath of the munich olympic attack, governments finally realized that terrorism was both evolving and becocoming worsese, and d that thererefore they y o coconfront thehe terroriststs h. man: [ shouting in arabic ] the terrorists are saying that unless their demands are met, they will blow up the school, killing themselves and all the children inside. as they negotiated, a special israeli anti-terrorist unit moves alongside the school. hoffman: ma'alot, i think was an exemplar of countererterrorism'm's evolution. [ gunfirire ] the israelis attempted to break the siege, and unfortunately it was an unsuccessful operation. [ gunfire and explosions ] repoporter: 30 d dead, nearlrlyf them higigh-school c childre, whwhile the nunumber of ininjd stands nowow at 87. hohoffman: somometimes thehe rs were unfnfortunatelyly tragi, but at l least they y were coconfronting g the terrorori. at leastst they werere making terrorisists underststand that thehey wouldn't't have an open fifield to cararry out theheir operati. wewere the isrsraelis righgt to s storm the s school where the palestinian terrorists held the children hostage? and should there be equal condemnation of the slaughter in lebanon caused by israeli action? in the latest reprisal raids there, 50 lebanese are reported killed. israel will live! down with the p.l.o.! [ chanting ] yasssser arafat t continued d hp from egygypt to new w york toy in great secrecy as he prepared a talk for the palestine liberation organization before the united nations tomorrow. kelner: we have people who have been trained and who are out now who intend to make sure that arafat and his lieutenants do not leave this country alive. hunt: a united states army helicopter brought yasser arafat to the untied nations, flying him in from the airport because of threats against his life. arafat's coming to t