the defense also played never before seen body cam video of george floyd's lifeless body being placed on a gurney and we'll play now parts of the paramedic's testimony for you right here. >> when mr. smith was bending down over the -- over mr. floyd, was that the point in time when he was checking for a pulse that you described? >> yes. >> and you may have been out of the frame for that, but were you -- what were you doing while that was going on? >> i was at the back of the ambulance -- yeah, i was standing near the back of the ambulance. >> and while your partner was checking for a pulse, and -- were the officers still on top of george floyd while that process was going on? >> yeah. >> oh, he in handcuffs, bro. he a real man, bro. i trained with him. >> the fact that you guys aren't checking his pulse and doing compressions if he needs them, you guys are on -- >> oh my god. >> okay. >> they just dragged him. come on now. >> you were seen bending down over mr. floyd and there was a gesture made with your hand. what were you attempting to do at that point in time? >> just have the officer move. >> and again, did you have a conversation at that point? or was there -- what was the intent behind that? >> i don't recall if i said anything or not. i'm not sure. >> and why did you need the officer to move? >> so we could move the patient. >> and then were you continuing to assist on the head side of mr. floyd while the patient, mr. floyd, was moved? >> yes. >> i believe there's a clip in there where you were holding or had your hands near his head. what were you trying to do there? >> just trying to keep it from slamming down on the pavement as we moved him over. >> you were trying to keep his head from slamming into the pavement. why is that? >> because he was, i guess, limp would be the best description. he wasn't -- he was unresponsive and wasn't holding his head up or anything like that. >> let's to our correspondent just outside the white house who's been covering this trial from the beginning, omar jimenez, and listening to this paramedic's testimony and of course the cross-examination, the redirect, what did you think? >> reporter: yeah, brooke, well, for starters, puzzle pieces are coming together here where yesterday we got a clear picture of what happened after the ambulance left and what happened before police were called on may 25, 2020. today, prior to the paramedic, we got a sense for what george floyd's prior pattern of drug use was and then from the paramedic, critically, what happened when paramedics actually arrived to the scene and the nature of the call of what got them there in the first place. that paramedic, excuse me, the paramedic there, seth had spoken about the initial call where it was a code two and then the upgrade in just 90 seconds later to a code three of it being an emergency. getting to the scene, assuming that there was some sort of struggle because all of the officers were still on top of him and he testified to the fact that when he -- that he -- his partner was still checking and trying to check for a pulse while all three officers were on top of floyd and critically chauvin's knee still on floyd's neck. he told chauvin to eventually move all of them so that they could start moving him towards the ambulance and checking for those vitals. he testified to the fact that this was a limp body. it was -- it had been under cardiac arrest, which he defined as no activity coming from the heart, which was confirmed by the cardiac monitor showing that it had flatlined, and then after that, we, again, got the clue yesterday, chauvin had walked away from that ambulance, gotten back into his vehicle, and was defending his actions to a bystander, saying, we had to control this guy. this was a sizable guy. he was probably on something. and that last portion was the focus of testimony beginning today. the pattern of floyd's prior drug use that was testified to by his girlfriend, and it was tearful at times. it was emotional, but even prosecutors acknowledged that as they methodically tried to push through these very difficult questions, and she talked about how they had struggled with addiction for so long, both of them had used drugs together, but i want to play a portion of her testimony because she also talked about floyd's reaction to some of these drugs as they had been taking them as late as may 2020. >> the pills that we were talking about you obtained in march. >> yes. >> that caused you to feel jittery and were different. did you also see mr. floyd taking that kind of pill? >> we did not take them together that time. >> did you think that he had some of them for himself? >> yes. >> obviously, he did not die in march. >> no. >> and the pill that gave you a similar experience in may. >> uh-huh. >> yes? >> yes. >> did he have some of those pills as well? >> yes. >> did he take some of those pills in may? >> yes. >> he did not die before may 25th of 2020, correct? >> yes. >> reporter: when you hear some of that, the last thing that i take away from all of this is that of course we're trying to establish a clear picture from all these different contexts of what happened that day and what led up to that day but part of her testimony was incredibly emotional. she's breaking down on the stand. and so, while we are trying to establish these facts for this trial, these are people that are reliving moments that have brought them trauma, reliving meantimes that have stuck with them for more than ten months and reliving moments that they likely will never be able to let go of for the rest of their lives. brooke? >> the collective trauma on that witness stand. omar jimenez, thank you so much. and i know we'll jump back into more testimony momentarily. let's talk about all this, though. omar set it up just perfectly for us. elie honig is back today and cedric alexander is with us, the former president of the national organization of black law enforcement executives. so gentlemen, welcome. and elie, starting with you on some of omar's points, let's start on this paramedic who was up on the stand. they went through the care and treatment that the paramedics attempted to give george floyd when they arrived on the scene and then he testified that he saw multiple officers still on top of george floyd, you know, he could see george floyd wasn't breathing, asked the officer finally to get off floyd's neck, as he said, quote, so we can move the patient. what did you make of that, the prosecution line of questioning there? >> two big points, brooke, first of all. building on omar's point, there's a pattern here. every single person in this vicinity of cup foods, the cashier, the bystanders, the woman who was a firefighter and now the paramedics were trying to do one thing, which was to help george floyd, to help him survive and live. the only people who were not doing that, who were doing, in fact, the opposite were the police. i mean, it is the police's job to take aircare of people, to protect people. i think that's notable. the other really important detail that we got from the paramedic. he testified that he could tell from a distance that george floyd had stopped breathing. if that young man could tell from a distance that george floyd had stopped breathing, derek chauvin, who's literally on top of george floyd, surely had to have known that, yet he remained pinned down on george floyd's neck. that's going to be a really tough fact when it comes to intent. >> right, so, the key piece of this is was this -- was this use of force warranted, and cedric, i was listening to you earlier just talking about dignity and, you know, as we talk about this testimony from this paramedic, you know, he was talking about while his partner, his paramedic partner, was examining george floyd for a pulse, checking his pupils, that again, that police officer, derek chauvin, was still on top of him, and just from a law enforcement perspective, is that normal? >> no, it's not normal. and what it's -- and what clearly was absent there was a regard for human life. >> because even in the moments that you're wrestling with someone, and they become still, regardless of what position they may be in, that fight has ended. that struggle has ended. there was just absolutely no reason for his knee to remain on his neck as he became lifeless, and even to the clearly to the other two officers, where was it, officer lane that said, shouldn't we roll him over? and chauvin, being the senior officer on that scene, and be reminded, if i remember correctly, officer lane had only been released out of field training officer -- from the field training program only for about four days. he was a young man that even had a week on the job yet, but you had a senior officer there, derek chauvin, who was saying -- yeah, no. and that is just -- it gives the appearance of being heartless, callous, and a total disregard to the safety, even of george floyd, which we still have a responsibility to, even once they become in our custody. so, the evidence of what we're seeing with our own eyes is just corroborating the witness statements and the witness statements are corroborating what we all have seen. any of us can virtually get up on that stand and talk about what we've seen, and you're going to continue to see the same consistency in these statements as it goes forward, because it is clear, it is sad, it is unfortunate, and this just should not have occurred. and here again, let me reinforce the fact about this to our listening audience. drug abuse is a disease in this country that affects millions of people. we have friends. we have families in every household, all of us have had some experience with someone in our orbit who have struggled with, is struggling with abuse, drug abuse. we do not take their dignity away from them. even when we have to confront them in the street, we still owe them the same respect we owe anyone else to get them the help that they need, and in this case, that did not happen. you had everybody in that community on that street of 38th and chicago begging, even telling the officers how to help floyd, and they totally neglected any support, any help from anyone, and here again, this whole notion of feeling so afraid, but they never call for additional cars, additional back-up, because if they had, they would have been coming from everywhere. that did not occur. that is just a smoke screen to a larger systemic issue that exists within that department and clearly chauvin was a representative of that agency, unfortunately. >> i'm hanging on your every word so, so carefully, cedric, and you know, you bring up drug abuse and addiction, which is something that mr. floyd was struggling with as the former girlfriend had testified and this is all -- this came up in the questioning today, elie. this is for you because, you know, the defense and the prosecution, they went back and forth with this paramedic about, you know, how he has responded to potential drug overdose calls. let me play you this clip. >> is the course of being a paramedic, have you responded to other overdose calls or overdose calls? >> i have responded to overdose calls, yes. >> and is it hennepin ems policy to have police respond to those calls with you? >> they -- yes, they do usually. i can't reference a policy, but in my practice, or my experience, they do respond with us. >> and is that because when people are sometimes resuscitated or treated for an overdose, they become aggressive and violent? >> objection, your honor. >> overruled. >> sorry, can you say that again? >> sure. >> is it the practice to have police respond to those calls because when people are resuscitated or revived from an overdose, they can become violent? or aggressive? >> it can happen sometimes, yes. >> have you personally seen that happen? >> yes. >> you were asked some questions about responding to scenes where someone might be violent or struggling, things of that nature. do you remember those questions? >> yes. >> and when you got to the scene, was mr. floyd struggling or violent in any way? >> no. >> did it appear to you that he was already dead when you got there? >> objection, calls for speculation. >> i wouldn't know when i pulled up on scene, but i did not see him -- as i testified earlier, when i was standing at the back of the ambulance, i didn't see him moving or breathing. >> so, both sides, what are they getting at here? >> so, that was a really strong comeback by the prosecutor on the redistrect exam, that last click, because what the defense lawyer is driving at here is, well, sometimes, when a person is revived from an overdose, they become violent. okay, sometimes is sometimes. that doesn't mean that's what happened here. and i think the prosecutor really explained that on her redirect and the prosecutor asked the paramedic, well, forget about hypothetically or sometimes, how about here? how was george floyd when you saw him? was he violent and resisting? and the paramedic said, no. not at all. so i think she very effectively knocked out that sort of strange line of defense. >> just quickly, cedric, how common is it for somebody to come back after an overdose and be combative? >> it certainly has happened. i have seen it before. but clearly, in this case, that was not the case. we were there from the beginning of the end of this, and that was not the case and there was just absolutely no need when he went lifeless, even before then, if it goes against any regulation, he never should have had his knee in his neck. period. >> cedric, elie, gentlemen, stay with me and we'll come back to all this and jump back into coverage and listen, just for all of you watching and these images and these difficult, difficult videos, if the trial is bringing up, you know, just troubling emotions for you, you're not alone. on the screen here, a couple of resources available to you, all of us, or someone you know who needs to talk. you can also check out cnn.com/impact any time for more information. any moment now, the derek chauvin trial will return from a lunch break. we'll bring that for you live. also ahead, in covid news today, pfizer reports its vaccine can protect patients for at least six months, possibly even longer. those new details ahead. and another mass shooting in america. this time, four people are dead, including a child after this shooting at an office complex in orange, california. you're watching cnn. i'm brooke baldwin. we'll be right back. o the moon. it doesn't ring the bell on wall street. or disrupt the status quo. t-mobile for business uses unconventional thinking to help you realize new possibilities. like our new work from anywhere solutions, so your teams can collaborate almost anywhere. plus customer experience that finds solutions in the moment. ...and first-class benefits, like 5g with every plan. network, support and value without any tradeoffs. that's t-mobile for business. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ fixodent ultra dual power provides you with an unbeatable hold and strong seal against food infiltrations. fixodent. and forget it. we are back. you're watching cnn. i'm brooke baldwin. thank you for being with me. testimony in the trial of former police officer derek chauvin is set to resume in minneapolis any moment now. some of the most powerful testimony came from this morning when george floyd's long-time girlfriend took the stand. her name is courtney ross. she spoke about the struggles that she and george floyd had with opioid addiction. we'll take you back to that courtroom as soon as the jury comes back from lunch. meantime, a major development in the coronavirus vaccine effort. pfizer says its vaccine can protect patients for at least six months, maybe longer, after the second dose. and it also works against the worrisome variant first detected in south africa. this is the first look at how long protection from the vaccine might loss, but it's only based on six months of data, so we're keeping that in mind. pfizer's ongoing phase 3 clinical trial shows the vaccine is fully effective against the b.131.53 variant. and there's even more evidence that shots are work withing. nursing homes have seen a 96% drop in cases since the rollout began in december. 51% of seniors in the u.s. are fully vaccinated. that's the good news. here's this. johnson & johnson today is dealing with a major setback at this baltimore manufacturing plant. "the new york times" is reporting today that the company lost something like 15 million vaccine doses because some more the workers accidentally mixed the wrong ingredients. meanwhile, cases in 25 states are up this week. the variant first identified in the uk is the highest in florida and in michigan. it accounts for 70% of the cases too in new york city. dr. adrian boroughs is a family medicine physician. doctor, welcome. let's start with the good news. let's start with pfizer, right? the vaccine is at least effective for six months. we should note that it's at least six months because as i mentioned, that's all the data they have. how significant is this? >> so, having lived all through this pandemic as we all have for the last, you know, year and a couple months, this is great news. we waited for this for quite a while. my patients ask me all the time, once i get the vaccine, how long am i immune for? and i didn't have an answer for them. and so we know now that at least for six months, you have some immunity to the vaccine and it's holding up pretty well, and again, because the timeline is so short, it could be a lot longer than that. but at least for six months, and that's great news. >> so, let me ask a question. you may not have the answer, but channeling your patients, is this the kind of thing we're going to need to come back year of year after year like a flu shot? how's that supposed to work? >> another wonderful question. i get asked that question virtually every day and so the answer is, we don't know. right now, you know, we're day-to-day on the pandemic, and we're getting new information every day about how to manage it. it's possible, certainly, that we could have to get, you know, recurrent shots for coronavirus and have a booster maybe every year like we do with the flu vaccine, but right now, focusing in on what we heard today about the efficacy of the vaccine and it lasting six months is great progress. >> what about the story today now with j&j, this is the reporting from the "new york times," that they're dealing with this mix-up of ingredients and now 15 million potential doses are just essentially getting chucked. how far back does that set them? >> first of all, that's a completely unacceptable error. there has to be quality control, especially when you're dealing with this pandemic that americans are tired of and we want to get back to our regular lifestyle. and to waste critical supplies, 15 million doses, because we mixed two things together that shouldn't have been mixed together, that should not have happened, and so it is troubling, certainly, and i know that johnson & johnson is now intervening with the subcontractor to try to make sure that doesn't happen again. but you know, it does put us back a little bit because that's 15 million doses that could be in arms that are now wasted. >> dr. burrowes, thank you. thank you for all that you do in orlando. appreciate you. >> thank you. one sign that the country is returning back to, quote, unquote, normal, it is opening day. major league baseball stadiums across the country are welcoming fans. they are at reduced capacity with safety protocols in place, of course, with one exception. the state of texas. the rangers opening day will have 100% capacity. there is already a setback for today's game between the washington nationals and the new york mets. it's been postponed because of covid-19 issues. cnn's polo sandoval is at yankee stadium with details on what happened. what's going on? >> reporter: yeah, brooke, when it comes to that -- those particular cases with the washington nationals, there was one player, unnamed player, that had recently tested positive. they performed some of that contact tracing. as a result, they placed multiple players, about four, in quarantine along with the staff member, so it was a precaution. they're going to go -- they're postponing the game that was scheduled for this evening. but really, when it comes down to it, it doesn't get much better than coming out to the ballpark and catching a game in terms of reassuring americans that it is bound to get better and we are slowly taking those steps toward normalcy and that is of course where we are at today with opening day, fans here at the iconic yankees stadium heading out to catch their first game, at least first game they've seen in-person since the championship series back in 2019. so you can bet that there was a lot of excitement earlier this morning when folks started lining up here, but of course they were internal met with an anything but usual season. they were subject to temperature checks, had to wear those masks, as you point out, also capacity limits here at yankee stadium. 20% meaning about 11,000 yankee fans were allowed at the game this morning. all of them having to show a recent negative covid test or that they were recently vaccinated against the virus here and really, depends on where you are in the country is what you're going to see at your local stadiums when you look at these numbers and you look at how each individual state's handling this, it ranges everything from allowing only 10% capacity all the way to what you just pointed out, 100% capacity, the only mlb stadium to allow that at this point. president biden criticizing that move, calling it a mistake, but in the meantime, again, brooke, this is certainly a sign that things are bound to get better. those creepy cardboard cutouts in the stand, those are no more, tossed out and replaced by a few of those fans. >> actual fans. >> reporter: exactly. and cheering inside yankee stadium. >> 20% is what we're going to have to deal with for now. i do want to ask you because yankee stadium has served as one of those mass vaccination sites. will they continue offering that to the public as well? >> reporter: at least for now, brooke. that's what state officials here are saying and to your point, yankee stadium saw plenty of activity even before today's opening day, that's because it was serving as a mass vaccination site beginning in february, as i recall, and so as a result, we had seen -- i had been out here and seen long lines of people waiting to get that shot in the arm. what's going to happen now, at least through the end of the month, places like yankee stadium, places like citi field in nearby queens and about at least ten other stadiums across the country, they are going to continue with those vaccination efforts at least for now. that is, of course, working around game schedules. >> polo sandoval, love the sound of a crack of a baseball bat. it is time. polo, thank you very much. yankee stadium. good to see you. >> thanks, brooke. all this talk about covid and vaccines, join our favorite doctor, dr. sanjay gupta on this journey to understand why so many people are afraid of vaccines. the new cnn special report, "the truth about vaccines" airs monday night, 9:00 eastern. any moment now, witnesses will return there to the courtroom in the derek chauvin murder trial. we'll take you live to that minneapolis courthouse the second they come back from lunch break. in the meantime, we are following another mass shooting. this is in california. a child is among those killed. the latest in that investigation. since you're heading off to school, i got you this brita. dad... i just got a zerowater. but we've always used brita. it's two stage-filter... doesn't compare to zerowater's 5-stage. this meter shows how much stuff, or dissolved solids, gets left behind. our tap water is 220. brita? 110... seriously? but zerowater- let me guess. zero? yup, that's how i know it is the purest-tasting water. i need to find the receipt for that. oh yeah, you do. dignity. this thing you can neither see nor measure... ...but that demands the return of small moments illness attempts to steal. ♪ dignity demands a rapid covid test, ♪ because we all need an answer to move forward. ♪ dignity demands your heart stays connected to your doctor, so you know it's beating as it should. ♪ it demands a better understanding of your glucose levels, so you can enjoy movie night. ♪ and knowing your baby is getting the nutrition he needs, no matter how you choose to feed him. dignity is not effortless nor easy. at abbott, we fight for it every day, developing life-changing technologies. because dignity demands it. ♪ thank you. >> and if you could pull up to the microphone. and we've been having witnesses take off their mask, if you could do that, if you feel comfortable. >> yes, sir. >> and if you could start by stating your full name, spelling each of your names. >> repeat that, please. >> state your full name, spell each of your names. >> full name. spell my name. my name is derek smith, first name d-e r-e-k, last name is smith, traditional spelling, s-m-i-t-h. >> ms. aldridge. >> thank you, your honor. good afternoon, mr. smith. >> hi. >> what do you do for work, sir? can you hear me? i'm sorry. >> yes. currently, i am a paramedic with hennepin ems. >> and how long shave you worke with hennepin ems? >> going on four years this summer. >> and have you worked as a paramedic or in the capacity as a paramedic before that? >> i worked for gwyett county down in georgia for approximately a year as a trainee, pretty much paramedic school for fire and ems. i also worked bls as a paid on-call firefighter for the city of andover. >> i'm having a little bit of trouble hearing you. did you say vls? >> bls, basic life support, first responder stuff. >> could you describe what basic life support training you got. >> emt stuff. minneapolis fire department. >> so, before going through your paramedic training, had you initially received some emt or basic type of life support type training? >> correct. >> all right. so, in terms of your job as a paramedic with hennepin ems, what do you do on a day-to-day basis? >> we respond to various calls for emergency medical services in various environments. >> and are those wide-ranging? could you give some examples of the types of calls that you respond to? >> examples of calls i respond to? car accidents. intoxicated people. overdoses. seizures. heart attacks. stubbed toes. >> so, it could be a variety of things, is that right? >> correct. >> and does that include cardiac arrests? >> yes. >> okay. and when you respond to a cardiac arrest, what does that mean? >> a cardiac arrest, when i respond to that? >> what's a cardiac arrest? >> a cardiac arrest is an individual that is, in lay terms, dead, not producing a pulse, not breathing. >> so, when you, as a paramedic, use terms like "cardiac arrest" or full arrest, is that what you mean? >> they're -- in lay terms, dead, yes. >> okay. so, i'm going to direct your attention to may 25 of last year. >> okay. >> were you on duty as a paramedic with hennepin ems that day? >> yes. >> and did you respond to a call that evening? >> yes, miss. >> just a little bit back. that way -- not quite. there you go. >> sorry, sir. >> not a problem. we have to adjust for everybody. >> yeah. >> all right. >> ms. eldridge. >> thank you, your honor. if you can't hear me, let me know and if i can't hear you, i'll let you know. >> thank you, miss. >> getting back to may 25, what -- what was the initial code or the initial type of call that you understood you were responding to? >> we were called code two, which means nonemergent, to a mouth injury. >> and then at some point en route to that scene, was that call upgraded? >> yes. >> and what was the information you had at that time? in terms of the -- >> at that time, it was code three. >> and what is code three? >> lights and sirens, get there with due regard as quickly as possible. >> and at that point in time, was that all the information you had in terms of first being code two and then code three? did you have any additional information about why it was elevated to a code three? >> at that time, i had no additional information, other than code three. >> where did you ultimately respond to that code three call? was that in the area of 38th and chicago? >> that's correct. >> and what did you observe? what did you see when you arrived on scene? >> what did i observe when i arrived on scene? there was a police squad, an individual laying down, three officers on the individual. there was lots of -- there was multiple people. there was multiple cell phones out. there was elevated tones used. it didn't feel like a welcoming environment. >> so, when you arrived, you said that you saw three officers on top of an individual, that individual that they were on top of, was he later identified? >> yes. >> and was that individual identified to be george floyd? >> yes. >> so, when you come up and you see the scene, three officers on top of george floyd, and you said, other individuals with cell phones out, what did you do when you arrived? >> what did i do when i arrived on scene? assessed all corners around us, kind of just gauged what was going on. i walked up to the individual, noticed he wasn't moving. i didn't see any chest rise or fall on this individual. he was in handcuffs at the time. i went up and -- sorry. >> when you approached, you said he was in handcuffs. as you approached him to inspect further, were the officers still on top of him >> the officers were still on him when i approached. >> and what did you do when you approached? >> i was assessing the scene and running through what care needed to be meted. >> did you take some initial steps, like checking for a pulse? >> i checked for a pulse. >> and did you also check the individual, mr. floyd's pupils? >> i did. >> and what did you determine at that point? >> they were large, dilated. >> so you determined that his p pupils were large, dilated. what about a pulse? >> i did not palpate a pulse. >> you didn't feel or detect a pulse? >> did not detect a pulse. >> and what did his condition appear to be to you, overall? >> in lay terms, i thought he was dead. >> so, what did you do next? >> i kind of looked for my partner and told him, i think he's dead, and i want to move this higher. >> okay. >> and i will begin care in the back. >> did you say you would begin care in the back? >> of my rig. >> and is the rig where your equipment is to deal with something like a cardiac arrest? >> yes, miss. >> i'm going to show you something that has not been admitted but has been marked as exhibit 56. i will just show it on your screen at the moment. do you see that on your screen? >> it's kind of a glare, but yeah. >> can you see it now if you reposition a little bit? >> yeah. >> okay. >> over here, judge? >> sure. >> yes. yeah. i get the gist of it, yeah. touching the carotid artery, there's no pulse. >> so you recognize this image as yourself checking for mr. floyd's pulse? is that a fair and accurate picture of that? >> yes, miss. >> your honor, i would offer exhibit 56. >> any objection? >> no, your honor. >> 56 is received. >> and i would ask to publish it. all right. and i think you just described this as you checking for carotid pulse, is that right? >> correct. >> what is a carotid pulse? >> area of the neck, you want to check for that, closest to the heart. there should be one there if you're up and breathing. >> i'm sorry. say that again. >> i meant alive, i said breathing. >> so i don't have to circle back to that. >> okay. >> you're checking for a carotid pulse. what was your response to that? it would be one that you would find if you were -- please finish your thought. >> repeat that, please. >> i apologize. >> no, it's on me. >> what are you -- why do you check the carotid pulse, and what would you expect? >> in a living person, there should be a pulse there. i did not feel one. i suspected the patient to be dead. >> okay. >> in lay terms. >> and at the moment that you were checking for this carotid pulse, are the officers still positioned on top of mr. floyd? >> yes. >> all right. i'm going to take down exhibit 56 and i'm going to put on the screen an exhibit that has already been admitted as exhibit 248 if we could put that up, please. and then does this show a different angle of your initial -- well, what does this show here? do you see yourself in this picture? >> yes. >> okay. and what are you doing? >> i'm at the top of the screen there in that brown uniform. >> and you can use the stylus. >> am i supposed to touch -- >> it's a touch screen so you can point out where you were. >> that's me. >> and what are you doing in this picture? >> i think i'm grabbing my flashlight and i'm assessing what's going on here. >> okay. and then in terms of using your flashlight, is that something you use to assist with checking pupils? >> yes, miss. >> okay, so while you were at the head of mr. floyd, did you check both his pulse and his pupils? >> yes, miss. >> all right. we can take that down. so, at that point, what happened next after you did those things? >> after i checked pulse and pupils? >> yes. >> i looked for my partner and provided him that i believed the individual to be deceased and i wanted to get off scene and i would start cure in the back. >> and did you take steps to make that happen? >> yeah, we grabbed our stretcher and pulse and canvas and we were starting to prep to move the patient. >> and did you have any interaction with the officers in terms of moving the patient? >> once we got the poles and canvas on the ground, the officers were very helpful in moving the patient on to the canvas. >> so, did the officers assist you in moving? >> yes. >> the patient? did you have to provide some direction to them in terms of moving the patient? >> yes, at one point, i had to tell one of them to get out of the way, they were in my way. >> okay. and then what -- why was that? what were you trying to accomplish? >> i wanted to get my patient to my rig as quickly as possible so i could begin my resuscitation efforts. he was standing in between the stretcher and where i needed to be. he needed to be eliminated from the situation. >> were you trying -- what was -- you said as quickly as possible. why were you trying to get things done as quickly as possible? >> for my patient. patient care. >> and is timing something important when it comes to someone who's in cardiac arrest? >> yes. >> why is that? >> his heart isn't beating, and it should be. and the longer it isn't beating, the greater the likelihood this individual will not be resuscitated. >> okay. so, did you ultimately load the patient on to the ambulance? >> yes. >> and did you end up -- did one of the officers on scene come with you? >> we had one officer from minneapolis, yes. >> and why was that? >> i needed somebody to start chest compressions. >> and when you arrived on scene, had there been any -- did you observe anyone rendering any medical care or chest compressions when you arrived? >> when i arrived on scene, there was no medical services being provided to the patient. >> okay. so, when you got on the ambulance, did you do some further assessment of the -- of mr. floyd's condition? >> yes. >> and was it at that point that, well, what did you do next? >> we're in the back of the rig? >> yes. >> i had them shut the doors. i took the minneapolis police officer with me. i started to -- the individual to better -- >> just a second there. why do you have to do something like that? >> to better assess to what's going on, to get room to just do my job and provide patient care. >> and when you declothe an individual, does that provide further access in terms of any iv or other options for you? >> yes. >> did you -- so what did you observe at that point as you were doing your initial assessment of mr. floyd? >> he had some superficial injuries to his face and shoulder, it appeared. i reconfirmed that he was pulseless and wasn't breathing. i had to take the handcuffs off. i was getting the clothes removed so i could prepare to take care of this individual. >> and did you personally take off the handcuffs? >> yes. i took off the handcuffs. >> how are you able to do that as a paramedic? >> i have a pair of handcuffs keys. >> so in the line of your work, you're able to use those keys to take handcuffs off an individual? >> yes. >> and is that the key that you u used? >> yes. >> and did you provide some additional direction to the law enforcement officer who was with you? >> yes. >> and what was the nature of that? >> i inquired to the events prior to my arrival, and i also directed him to do chest compressions. >> and was that when those -- upon your direction, was that when chest compressions first began, to your knowledge? >> to my knowledge, chest compressions began when i initiated them with minneapolis pd. >> and when you say initiated them, was that a direction that you gave to the officer to start expr compressions? >> yes. >> all right. i'm going to put on the screen an exhibit that has been admitted as exhibit 57. all right. so, just walking back through what you just testified about, can you just describe what's shown here? >> that is the patient on our stretcher. that is the back of our ambulance. that is me. in a paramedic uniform. i am checking for a carotid pulse. >> and was this subsequent to, after your initial check on the street? >> i was reconfirming my initial assessment. >> and again -- >> still did not have a pulse. >> okay. and then let's move to exhibit 58, please. and what are you doing in exhibit 58? >> checking for pulse, repositioning. >> and when you say repositioning, just tell the jury why you might reposition somebody. >> i was just hoping to find a pulse and reposition for an airway. just reconfirming that i needed to start working the cardiac arrest. >> and had anything changed in terms of your initial assessment? >> no, miss. >> so, you were not able to detect a >> did he appear to be breathing? >> no, miss. >> exhibit 59. you indicated you had given some direction to an officer to start chest compressions. can you describe what is shown here. >> that appears to be the officer starting chest compressions. >> let's move to exhibit 60, please. in terms of injuries noted, what injuries did you observe on mr. floyd? >> relatively superficial injuries that i don't believe at the time would result in a cardiac arrest. >> you made two arrows, one to the nose area and one to the left shoulder area. in terms of your treatment of the patient, were these -- you said superficial, were these not your primary concern? >> no, the cardiac arrest was my primary concern. >> we will put exhibit 61, which has already been admitted, on the screen. and with respect to the injuries, is this image consistent with what you were describing? >> yes. superficial. >> you're pointing to -- you made an arrow on the nose area. what did you observe there? >> i didn't suspect a life threatening injury. >> was there blood or something else you saw there? >> appeared to be blood, a superficial injury. >> that injury not life threatening is what you are talking about? >> not in my opinion. >> you were dealing with the cardiac arrest? >> yes, ma'am. >> we can take that down, please. ultimately did you and your partner move with the patient to another location? >> once the individual was loaded i directed my partner to move us somewhere more secure and update fire. >> when you say update fire, what does that mean? >> to our location and we are working a full arrest. >> so i understand, when you inform fire you are working a full arrest, what is the message you are trying to get across? is there a need you have? >> i requested code 3 as soon as i got on scene, and i was reaffirming to my partner where we are going, please get there to help because we are in the back working a cardiac arrest alone. >> what is your concern with working a cardiac arrest alone and needing fire? >> ithere's a lot to be done, ad i am only human. >> while you are relocating and your partner is driving and you are in the back, are you continuing to assess the patient and continuing to work on the patient? >> yes. >> so what during that period of time did you observe about his condition? maybe, more specific, anything about a lack of rhythm when it came to -- >> well, i noticed he was in in sicily, meaning he is not producing electrical activity in the heart. >> so you say once you got the pads on -- you said flat lined, is that right? >> yeah. >> and i will try and finish the question -- >> sorry. i will shut up. go. >> no problem. no problem. let me just back up so we are clear. i believe you said he was flat lined once he got the pads on, and can you describe once you have pads on a patient, what are you able to see on your monitor? >> since i did not see a pulse, i put the pads on and it allows us to provide a defiblation in the event the rhythm presented as much, and being that it was asicily, it is a nonshockable rhythm per protocol. >> you said the pads are connected to a zole monitor? >> yeah. >> what is a zole monitor? >> it can take blood pressure and -- >> is that how you can see the patient's heartbeat on your monster? >> yes. >> and you said he was in a nonshockable rhythm, is that right? >> that's right. >> so does that mean defibrillation would not be something you could do, correct? >> per protocols, you don't shock asicily. >> why is that? >> it's not what you do. you want to change the rhythm, in my understanding -- it's not a rhythm and it needs interventions to get to a better rhythm. >> in terms of what it means when you say flatline, what does that mean in terms of patient status? >> it means they're dead. >> okay. and what were you doing in terms of trying to provide whatever care you could provide knowing that he was in asicily? what were the next steps you took. >> i was working a cardiac arrest. >> so when you work a cardiac arrest, what do you do? >> you just use chest compressions. i was trying to get our pads on the gentleman, and i was getting airway equipment ready, and starting to prep meds and access points. >> and after the ambulance was parked at another location, did your partner come back and assist with those things? >> yes. >> ultimately did -- did you set up the things that you needed to set up per your protocols in terms of iv and airway and those kinds of things? >> by the time my partner got in the back? >> right. >> i hadn't done everything, no, but i was in the process of attempting to recsuscitate this individual. >> while you were en route you were working on a patient and you were working continuously when your partner came back? >> yes, we were continuing to work the cardiac arrest. >> ultimately did minneapolis firefighters meet you at the location was had requested? >> eventually we met up, yes. >> and then what happened at that point? >> twe had the airway set up an oxygen, and we was on the monitor, and i started handing out drugs because we had to mix our epys and spike saline bags, and just as much as you can. >> let me stop you there, because you just told us a lot of information. you said hand out drugs, i mean, is there specific other particular drugs you give when you are dealing with a cardiac arrest? >> yes. >> do those include epinephrine and sodium by carb nate. >> yes. >> do you have particular concerns or courses of action when somebody may have been pulseless for a relatively extended period of time? >> yes. >> and maybe -- did you follow those protocols in this case? >> yes. >> okay. so after the firefighters get on the ambulance and the officer leaves at some point do you proceed on to the medical center? >> at some point we did. >> what was the determining factor in that? what had to happen before you were able to move to the hospital in your view? >> in my view we got him to a relatively stable condition where i could manage his kaurbg a cardiac arrest, and i had him on the monitor and i was able to just kind of conduct more or less this cardiac arrest while providing the treatments. >> while you were on route, that continued, that treatment continued the whole way there? >> yes. >> and while traveling the route to the hospital, did you administer a shock? >> yes. >> can you describe why that came about? >> we were monitoring the patient and i believe to have saw a run of a algorithm that indicates defibrillation, which i did provide. >> when was it that you detected the pulsice electrical activity? >> en route to the hospital. >> and that's a shockable rhythm per your protocol? >> yes. >> and now you -- what made you notice the change in terms of the rhythm? >> we periodically checked him. >> was mr. floyd on the lucas device and that wa

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