And its the stuff of boxing legend. The glove that saved Muhammad Ali from defeat in a legendary match is about to go up for auction this month. Now, as the crisis in the Middle East deepens, we re taking a look back at the events of the past few weeks and asking how we got to this point and what the violence means for the future of the region. Bbc arabic S Beirut CorrespondentCarine Torbey has this special report. Explosions. Ballistic missiles rain down on israel. An unprecedented response by iran after weeks of israeli escalation. Pushing the region to a dangerous new precipice. Explosions. This is the story of how the past few weeks brought the Middle East to a dangerous new moment. Translation the Status Quo cannot continue. This requires a change in the Balance Of Power on our northern border. Hezbollah launched the first attack against israeli positions last year on October The 8th in support of gaza. Israel retaliated. A year on from those exchanges of fire, the conflict has reached a new level. The 17th Of September Saw a new escalation begin. Pagers and Walkie Talkies used by hezbollah operatives exploded. Simultaneous attacks in supermarkets, on the streets, in cars and in homes across lebanon. Translation the enemy has crossed all red lines. Israel says its intent on eliminating the threat of hezbollah. Over 1,000 have been Killed and many more injured, and almost A Million displaced since israel launched a huge wave of devastating airstrikes on lebanon. Explosion. Translation my siblings and their children were all Killed here. And then. Explosions. News in the last hour, i israel has claimed to have Killed the leader of hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah, in an overnight strike. How did rapid escalation change the face of lebanon and set the region on a dangerous new course . Over the last year, Israel And Hezbollah have been engaged in a relatively low Level Conflict following the Hamas Attack on israel. They exchanged fire across the border, but the Speed And Scale of what is happening now has been shocking and unprecedented. It was an attack, like something from a tale of espionage. Its the middle of september and people are going about their everyday lives when. Explosion. Pagers belonging to Hezbollah Members explode across lebanon in a coordinated and deadly attack. Hezbollah is proscribed as a Terrorist Organisation by many western governments. However, within lebanon, hezbollah has a significant role in the Countrys Parliament and government. The organisation had abandoned Mobile Phones for fear of being tracked. This attack showed those precautions had not been successful. The pagers were turned into weapons. Hezbollah members were hit by blasts in supermarkets, on the streets, in their cars and at home next to their children. People are Killed and thousands injured, women and children among them. Most injuries affected the face, eyes, fingers and stomach. Encapsulated inside the eye. I met dr elias warrak, an Eye Surgeon at the Mount Lebanon hospital. It has been a nightmare. Probably this is the worst day of my life as a physician. Unfortunately, we were not able to save a lot of eyes. I can tell you that probably more than 60 to 70 of the patients ended up with eviscerating or removing at least one of their eyes. I was outside the hospital. Relatives waited for news of their loved ones, the Shock And Fear palpable. There are also very pressing Questions Today on everyones mind. First of all, what did actually happen . How did it happen . And second of all is basically how is this going to affect the ongoing confrontation between Hezbollah And Israel . But what happened at this point is a major escalation of unprecedented level. And it didnt stop there. The next day, as hezbollah buried their dead. Fresh attacks. We were there. In the panic and confusion, people asked us to put our cameras down. This is a scene next to the funeral. Where the funeral was being held. And, as you can see, people are gathering. We asked whats happening. They told us another pager blew up on a young man. This time, it wasnt pagers, it was the Walkie Talkies of hezbollah operatives. Although israel has not claimed responsibility for either attack, there is widespread belief in lebanon that it is israel that carried out both of them. Now, as hezbollah and the country are still reeling from the shock, the main question is whats next . Whether this was a coordinated plan by israel or not, these attacks were the trigger of what came next. If yourejustjoining us, we are expecting to hear from the hezbollah leader, Hassan Nasrallah. Two days after the pager attack, Hassan Nasrallah, longtime leader of hezbollah and closely aligned with israels Arch Foe iran, announced that the attack would not go unpunished. Translation the enemy has crossed all red lines. Israeli Air Strikes stretched further into lebanon in an attempt to further diminish hezbollah. There seems to be no possibility of diplomacy getting through and de escalating the situation. Translation the Centre Of Gravity is moving towards the north. This means we are diverting forces, resources and energy towards the north. So, how did it reach this point . Hezbollah has been launching rockets and missiles at israeli military positions since October The 8th last year, and israel has been retaliating. Siren wails. Hezbollah called it the Gaza Support Front in solidarity with palestinians there. After israel launched a war In Gaza following the October 7th attacks last year by hamas on israel, hezbollah� s goal was to divert israeli military resources Away from gaza towards the northern front with lebanon. Translation we say to the enemys government, Army And Society that the Lebanon Front will not stop until the aggression on gaza ends. This exchange of fire has had a huge impact on civilians, with about 150,000 displaced on both sides. Israelis from villages like these want to return to their homes without the threat of attack. For netanyahu, this was a key motivation for stepping up strikes. Going back to something that we used to live that way is no longer an option. Its no longer an option that we be under the threat of some guy in beirut that would like to pull the trigger anytime he likes. Whats happened here in this area over the last year has ended one of the longest periods of relative calm between israel and lebanon. The two countries have a long history of hostilities and wars. Israel occupied Southern Lebanon for decades, and Hezbollah And Israel fought a month long war in 2006. But this escalation felt different. There were real concerns with tensions in the Middle East so high this conflict, unlike those before, could spill over and result in a bigger, more dangerous regional war. Israels increased attacks on the iranian backed hezbollah meant the two long running enemies, israeland iran, were watching each other� s moves closely. For lebanon and its people caught in the crossfire, what is happening in their country runs deep in their collective memory. A week after the pager attack, a further escalation rocked lebanon. As morning broke, it brought with it one of the deadliest days in nearly 20 years in lebanon. Explosion. Lebanese officials say 490 people died on the first day of the intensified israeli airstrikes. Tens of thousands fled their homes. Once again, destruction, devastation and displacement. Translation im scared. Scared for my wife and five children. The situation is really difficult and scary. I dont know whats happening to us. The warnings from the Israeli Army became more widespread. Now, starting this morning, the idf has warned you to get out of Harms Way. I urge you, take this warning seriously. Please, get out of Harms Way now in a matter of days, Hundreds Of Thousands had fled their homes in southern and even eastern lebanon. This is one of the main schools in beirut, turned into a shelter for the displaced from Southern Lebanon. An official here told me that they are opening, on average, one extra school every couple of hours to deal with the very large number of displaced. Its notjust schools that were overwhelmed. Hospitals, too, have been struggling to deal with the wounded. Women and children among the casualties. Translation we heard a very loud noise. Two strikes and we all flew. Each flew in a different direction. Both of my cousins were Killed and my father was Killed. This video, published by the idf, boasts of Killing Hezbollah leaders one after the other. Amidst all the ongoing airstrikes, israel was systematically targeting and killing senior hezbollah leaders. Culminating in. Explosions. Were in the office. We heard multiple explosions, one after the other. They were so loud. Many of them. We dont know what was happening or where. Its in the middle of beirut and this is what we can see from distance. This huge attack had a colossal impact. The target was Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of hezbollah and one of the most prominent figures in lebanon. Backed by iran. The killing of nasrallah was an earthquake for the party, the country and region. For this woman, the news was shocking. Israels prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ordered nasrallahs killing while at the un. The idf released this picture of what they say is that moment. His killing was a huge win for israel. While at the un, the israeli leader made a vow to hezbollah� s backers. I have a message for the tyrants of tehran. If you strike us, we will strike you. There is no place in iran that the long arm of israel cannot reach. And thats true of the entire Middle East. There was no mention of diplomacy. Irans supreme leader, ayatollah ali khamenei, promised that the killing of Hassan Nasrallah would not go unavenged. But before any iranian retaliation, netanyahu attacked iranian backed groups in yemen and syria. And it didnt stop there. Israels military says its troops have crossed the border into Southern Lebanon. Israel launched the Ground Invasion into Southern Lebanon, the first in 18 years in what it called limited, localised and targeted raids against hezbollah to return displaced israelis to their homes in the north. Despite israels massive blows to hezbollah, this remains a very challenging operation. Israel doesnt only have hezbollah to contend with. Sirens wail. Tonight at six, as we come on air, missiles from iran have been fired towards israel. On the 1st of october, the region held its breath. Tonights escalation comes in response to israels overnight invasion of Southern Lebanon almost 200 ballistic missiles were launched by iran. Wow, wow. The israeli Defence Force said most were intercepted by israels extensive defensive capabilities. But the idf said some struck central and southern israel, with one fatality. There was a lot of booms. One of them, it was terrible. When we came out, i saw all the destruction. Whats happening . Were happy were still alive. The attack was widely condemned by the west, who called for Restraint And De escalation. But both Israel And Iran show no sign of backing down. The Middle East is still reeling from the Hamas Attacks on the 7th Of October Last year. The horror of the last 12 months has been compounded in recent days. Hezbollah . By heightened tensions and escalations which have spread across the region with devastating consequences. The region has neverfelt more dangerous or uncertain. Peace and resolution seem to have been abandoned. All sides are promising more attacks, further escalation. Here in lebanon, the horrors of this conflict are reminiscent of the countless bloody and violent chapters in the countrys history. People here have always felt they are living on the brink. Today, more than ever, uncertainty looms large as they wait for whats next, something no one seems able to predict. Much more on our live pages as we monitor what is happening on the ground in lebanon, Israel And Gaza as well. Special events have been taking place across the world in cities across the world in cities across the world including here in london to mark the anniversary of the seventh october attacks, that took place by hamas a year ago. We can cross now to Hyde Park in london where an October 7 Memorial event is taking place. This is particularly poignant, the event in Hyde Park, because we are waiting for mandy to speak, the mother of the british hostage, emily and now we are having a song, being sung to the audience in Hyde Park and we are waiting for the mother of the british hostage to speak. Emily is 28 years old and the last remaining british citizens being held hostage by hamas In Gaza. When we expect mandy to come and see speak, we will come back to the live eventin we will come back to the live event in Central London, in Hyde Park. Here in the uk, a new multi million Pound Research Programme aims to discover why immunotherapy fails to work for the majority of Cancer Patients. Its seen as a revolutionary treatment using the bodys own Immune System to fight disease but more than half of patients see no benefit. Our Health CorrespondentDominic Hughes has more. Immunothera py saved alexs life. He was diagnosed with melanoma, a dangerous form of skin cancer, which then spread. Alex underwent a course of immunotherapy, helping his bodys own defences to stop the disease in its tracks, but it was not without complications. Im completely clear that immunotherapy has saved my life. Without it, i would have died in 2019. It can come with Side Effects in certain patients, and those Side Effects can be a little bit difficult to manage. I wouldnt describe it as fun. I got through it, and i think one of the exciting things about the research thats going on in the field of immunotherapy is people really trying to work out how to make the treatments as effective as possible, but also as kind as possible for patients, because its not just about treatment of the cancer, its also about trying to maintain quality of life. Immunotherapy is a Cancer Treatment full of potential, but so far its benefits have been limited. Even in melanoma, where immunotherapy is most successful, only around half of all patients respond to the treatment. This new study will initially involve around 6,000 patients, half of whom have already completed Treatment And Half who are just starting immunotherapy for breast, bladder, Kidney Or Skin cancers. The study will try to identify why so many Patients Relapse or suffer really challenging Side Effects. So what we want to achieve here, very simply, is to do better by Cancer Patients who can potentially benefit from immunothera py. The purpose of this program is to take many measurements, both from Tumour Tissue and from blood, and over time, to better predict from the outset who should have this treatment, who should have an alternative treatment, who is