on thursday, leaders agreed to use the interest from frozen russian assets to raise $50 billion for kyiv�*s war effort — plus humanitarian assistance and reconstruction efforts. the g7 countries, which include the us, canada, britain, france, germany, japan and italy, are sitting on about $300 billion in seized russian assets. meanwhile, speaking in moscow, president vladimir putin on friday laid out his terms for a ceasefire. mr putin demanded ukraine withdraw from four regions of ukraine that are partially occupied by russia, and abandon efforts tojoin nato. both ukraine and the west dismissed the proposal. ukraine's president volodymyr zelensky called it an ultimatum similar to a move made by adolf hitler in the past. 0ur diplomatic correspondent james landale is following reaction and the latest from the g7 in italy. the war in ukraine is being fought on three fronts. you have the fighting on the ground, you've got the industrial arms race to generate as much ammunition as possible, and then you've got the global diplomatic battle for international opinion. and what we've seen here at this summit is that last battle being played out between a sort of contest between the g7 leaders here and vladimir putin. the g7 leaders here at this summit have said right, we will be fully behind ukraine, we are going to try and counter the narrative that somehow the west is losing patience with ukraine. we are going to agree to use frozen russian assets to get $50 billion worth of loans to the russians, we will send more air defences, we will widen our sanctions, we will agree new defence pacts with ukraine, all about reinforcing that message. in reply to that you've got vladimir putin, the russian leader, saying "you know what, i would be willing to have a ceasefire, engage in peace talks with ukraine, just so long as they give up huge swathes of the east of their country, and they also give up their ambition tojoin country, and they also give up their ambition to join nato". clearly that has been rejected out of hand by kyiv and the ukrainians and the west saying this is a nonstarter, this is effectively asking for ukraine to capitulate, to surrender. but what i think mr putin is really trying to do here is he is trying to divide the west and appeal to some countries, emerging economies in the global south. he is trying to appeal to those countries and say you know what, now is the time to talk about peace in ukraine, maybe that would be a good thing that might help the global economy, which has been so disrupted by this war. what the west is trying to do is push back against that, the us defence secretary said this was not being an offer being made by the russian leader in good faith, the nato leaders said this was not a peace proposal, this was not a peace proposal, this was not a peace proposal, this was a proposal for more confrontation and more aggression. so what we are seeing played out is that battle for global opinion here, which is, in this war, often a hugely important factor in how it shapes this conflict going forward, as much as what happens on the battlefield. james landale there. and in another show of unity with ukraine, us presidentjoe biden and president zelensky signed a 10—year security agreement on thursday. here's some of what's in that deal: the us and ukraine agreed to meet within 2a hours to discuss a response to future attacks on ukraine. washington also promised to help ukraine's military with training, joint planning and cybersecurity efforts, and the us will help kyiv seek compensation for damage caused by russia. mr zelensky called the pact a "bridge" to ukraine eventuallyjoining nato. ukraine is expected to take steps toward membership at next month's nato gathering here in washington. let's get more now on everything ukraine at the g7. with me in studio is ambassadorjohn herbst, who formerly served as us ambassador to ukraine — and saleha mohsin, a washington correspondent with bloomberg news. ambassador, the war in ukraine played a big role at this year's summit, as it did last years. what do you make of what came of it? we had a bit of a doubt, the security pact and is $50 billion loan to ukraine, how effective might these be in terms of helping ukraine in its war effort?— terms of helping ukraine in its war effort? the decision by the g7 which was _ war effort? the decision by the g7 which was a _ war effort? the decision by the g7 which was a result - war effort? the decision by the g7 which was a result of - war effort? the decision by the g7 which was a result of strong j g7 which was a result of strong american leadership, and i'm delighted to say that, was a major step forward in the war to deal with putin's aggression. the administration understood they had to unlock the potential of that $300 billion of frozen russian assets in the international financial system, and the administration has been pushing for months. the canadians and the british were on board, but the british were on board, but the other four members of the g7 were not. the other four members of the g7 were not-— g7 were not. there was some reticence — g7 were not. there was some reticence because _ g7 were not. there was some reticence because they - g7 were not. there was some reticence because they didn't| reticence because they didn't unlock the full amount of money, this isjust the interest on the money. it’s interest on the money. it's actually — interest on the money. it's actually more _ interest on the money. it�*s actually more complicated than that. the eu had agreed that the interest on a yearly basis could go to ukraine, that would be $3 billion or $4 billion, but there was an ingenious scheme to use that interest to collateralise alone that would represent many years of interest. —— a loan. therefore this calendar year ukraine should receive $50 billion which you can use to run its economy, to deal with the massive destruction of energy infrastructure, and of course to fund the military. so this is superb leadership, an excellent result, but lost about result. —— not the best result. about result. -- not the best result. ., ., ., result. saleha, we have heard criticism that _ result. saleha, we have heard criticism that the _ result. saleha, we have heard criticism that the us - result. saleha, we have heard criticism that the us and - result. saleha, we have heard criticism that the us and the i criticism that the us and the west have been slow to respond and give ukraine the weapons they have been asking for, what has been the reaction here for what has come out of the summit?— what has come out of the summit? ,, ., ., ., ., summit? the us and a lot of congressional— summit? the us and a lot of congressional leaders - summit? the us and a lot of. congressional leaders reflected what _ congressional leaders reflected what their electorate has been saying — what their electorate has been saying across the us, they are wondering how much longer the us needs — wondering how much longer the us needs to engage in a war that— us needs to engage in a war that is— us needs to engage in a war that is overseas while there is columns — that is overseas while there is columns at home, we are talking about— columns at home, we are talking about inflation and housing problems and they are wondering why their— problems and they are wondering why their tax money is going to ukraine — why their tax money is going to ukraine. sojoe biden had to find — ukraine. sojoe biden had to find some new fresh leveraged, realising — find some new fresh leveraged, realising aid to ukraine would be harder to get through congress, so let's get creative and as— congress, so let's get creative and as the _ congress, so let's get creative and as the ambassador mentioned, the white house came up mentioned, the white house came up with— mentioned, the white house came up with a _ mentioned, the white house came up with a fresh proposal that is creative to use russian assets _ is creative to use russian assets and be able to tell the american public and so it that we are — american public and so it that we are not— american public and so it that we are not only sending our own aid from — we are not only sending our own aid from the us but also using putin's— aid from the us but also using putin's money that we have captured _ putin's money that we have captured and that collateralised interest, future interest — collateralised interest, future interest payments and collections on that to help fund — collections on that to help fund ukraine, so he is also makingm _ fund ukraine, so he is also making---_ fund ukraine, so he is also makinu... ,, , making... there is symbolism there. making... there is symbolism there- we _ making... there is symbolism there. we heard _ making... there is symbolism there. we heard from - making... there is symbolism | there. we heard from vladimir putin lang out his own terms of a ceasefire deal. —— laying out. there will be a peace summit this weekend which russa is not attending. but is that a serious proposal? it is not attending. but is that a serious proposal?— serious proposal? it is a serious _ serious proposal? it is a serious proposal- serious proposal? it is a serious proposal for - serious proposal? it is a serious proposal for the | serious proposalfor the submission of ukraine to the kremlin's well. it is roughly what he said when he started this invasion in 2022, the new pieces are, saying, "i, putin, will settle for crimea, and all these other four oblasts of ukraine which we annexed, even though we don't control those oblasts completely. " the" de—nazification" of ukraine, and the militarisation of ukraine. so this is a demand for surrender, ukraine. so this is a demand forsurrender, it ukraine. so this is a demand for surrender, it shows putin's objective is clinical control of ukraine.— objective is clinical control of ukraine. saleha, us vice president — of ukraine. saleha, us vice president kamala _ of ukraine. saleha, us vice president kamala harris - of ukraine. saleha, us vice| president kamala harris will of ukraine. saleha, us vice - president kamala harris will be at the peace summit. how is this being viewed by the us, do they see there being some kind of diplomatic way forward? the us is kind _ of diplomatic way forward? the us is kind of — of diplomatic way forward? the us is kind of in _ of diplomatic way forward? the us is kind of in election mode, i'm us is kind of in election mode, i'm not— us is kind of in election mode, i'm not saying that simply because _ i'm not saying that simply because i am in washington but right— because i am in washington but right now— because i am in washington but right now the us electorate 'ust right now the us electorate just wants to know what it will be getting from this president —— president and vice president, because they are wondering whether they should pick the — wondering whether they should pick the other guy and whoever his vice — pick the other guy and whoever his vice president would be. at the same — his vice president would be. at the same time folks are talking around — the same time folks are talking around the world about american stability— around the world about american stability and instability, and one way— stability and instability, and one way to show the world and show— one way to show the world and show americans we are still in power. — show americans we are still in power. we _ show americans we are still in power, we still have some influence, is to show we are taking — influence, is to show we are taking action when it comes to russia — taking action when it comes to russia and ukraine and meeting with putin. sol russia and ukraine and meeting with putin. so i think kamala harris — with putin. so i think kamala harris going there, building on top of— harris going there, building on top of everything joe biden help— top of everything joe biden help accomplish at the g7, shows— help accomplish at the g7, shows american influence is still— shows american influence is still important. ambassador, american _ still important. ambassador, american influence _ still important. ambassador, american influence still- american influence still important, there were six other countries also there but many them were calling this the six lame ducks plus giorgia meloni, there are a lot of leaders they're not in good shape domestically. how worried do you think president zelensky might be that if a few elections don't go his way, he might to start to lose support from the west? j might to start to lose support from the west?— from the west? i think it is hiuhl from the west? i think it is highly unlikely _ from the west? i think it is highly unlikely that - from the west? i think it is highly unlikely that as - from the west? i think it is highly unlikely that as a . highly unlikely that as a result of the elections we are going to see in europe, but there will be a minion of european support for ukraine. —— diminution. in the uk, both the labour party and the tories are all in for a bold policy of support for ukraine to defeat a dangerous russia in ukraine. i think in france, akron, not saleha, marine le pen —— marine le pen had a good showing in the parliamentary elections but we have seen this movie once before and we know marine le pen was embarrassed by her ties to vladimir putin and russian money coming to her party. so i don't think she is in the best of shape when it comes to the final, final vote. so i think support in europe for ukraine will continue to be strong and i think there is a growing indication that even if trump were to win, support in the united states for ukraine would remain strong.— remain strong. saleha, do you auree remain strong. saleha, do you agree with _ remain strong. saleha, do you agree with that, _ remain strong. saleha, do you agree with that, do _ remain strong. saleha, do you agree with that, do you - remain strong. saleha, do you agree with that, do you think. remain strong. saleha, do you| agree with that, do you think a trump presidency would still mean pretty strong support from the us? ., . , the us? not necessarily. i think the _ the us? not necessarily. i think the battle _ the us? not necessarily. i think the battle that - the us? not necessarily. i think the battle that we i the us? not necessarily. i. think the battle that we saw the us? not necessarily. i- think the battle that we saw 6- think the battle that we saw 6— eight _ think the battle that we saw 6— eight months ago in congress to -et eight months ago in congress to get that— eight months ago in congress to get that age —— aid package through— get that age —— aid package through kind of shows the american public is a little bit iess— american public is a little bit less interested in sending money— less interested in sending money abroad continued, continued money abroad and that is why— continued money abroad and that is why the — continued money abroad and that is why the biden white house had to— is why the biden white house had to get creative with how to -et had to get creative with how to get reconstruction money to ukraine — get reconstruction money to ukraine. it is possible trump bringing _ ukraine. it is possible trump bringing a more strong man foreign _ bringing a more strong man foreign policy would be enough to get— foreign policy would be enough to get some changes in foreign policy— to get some changes in foreign policy and relationship, he has a different relationship and view— a different relationship and view of— a different relationship and view of putin, at the same time the us— view of putin, at the same time the us did _ view of putin, at the same time the us did send a lot of money very— the us did send a lot of money very quickly right away when the invasion first happened in 2022 — the invasion first happened in 2022 and _ the invasion first happened in 2022 and americans were willing to pay— 2022 and americans were willing to pay more gas pump, when gasoline — to pay more gas pump, when gasoline prices went up because of sanctions. so there is a ceiling _ of sanctions. so there is a ceiling that already we have may— ceiling that already we have may be _ ceiling that already we have may be paid up enough, isn't there — may be paid up enough, isn't there another way to solve this? — there another way to solve this? -- _ there another way to solve this? —— are feeling. i think the — this? —— are feeling. i think the question remains open if america _ the question remains open if america has continued appetite to send — america has continued appetite to send money. the america has continued appetite to send money.— to send money. the collections cominu to send money. the collections coming up _ to send money. the collections coming up not _ to send money. the collections coming up not only _ to send money. the collections coming up not only in - to send money. the collections coming up not only in europe i coming up not only in europe but right here in washington in november, make you so much to both of you for taking the time to be here. the war in gaza was slightly overshadowed, but it was addressed by leaders in italy. ending day two of talks, gaza's dire humanitarian situation was discussed, with leaders agreeing that the un palestinian refugee agency unrwa must be allowed to work unhindered while providing aid in gaza. president emmanuel macron announced that france, the us and israel would form a group to de—escalate rising cross—border violence between lebanese armed group hezbollah and israeli forces. meanwhile ceasefire talks are ongoing as the us makes a push for israel's proposal of a "truce" between israel and hamas. as he arrived to the g7 summit, president biden was asked about the likelihood of an agreement. president biden, did you have a chance to discuss a possible ceasefire?— chance to discuss a possible ceasefire?- are - chance to discuss a possible ceasefire?- are you - ceasefire? yes. are you confident _ ceasefire? yes. are you confident it's _ ceasefire? yes. are you confident it's going - ceasefire? yes. are you confident it's going to i ceasefire? yes. are you | confident it's going to be ceasefire? yes. are you confident it's going to be done soon? ., �* ., ., �* soon? no, i'm not, i haven't lost hone — soon? no, i'm not, i haven't lost hope but _ soon? no, i'm not, i haven't lost hope but it's _ soon? no, i'm not, i haven't lost hope but it's going - soon? no, i'm not, i haven't lost hope but it's going to i soon? no, i'm not, i haven'tj lost hope but it's going to be difficult _ biden also said at the summit that hamas was "the biggest hang—up so far" in reaching a dealfor a ceasefire in gaza and release of hostages. us secretary of state antony blinken has recently been in the middle east to push for peace — he also said hamas was to blame for a deal not being done. the group wants a full israeli withdrawal from gaza. prime minister benjamin netanyahu says the war won't end until hamas is "fully defeated" — he has yet to formally endorse the us—backed proposal. live now tojoanne held cummings, a former middle east advisor at the us state department. great to have you here. the second day of the summit, there was some focus on gaza, were you surprised it wasn't maybe a bigger topic or bigger point of discussion among these leaders? actually no i wasn't surprised. the focus of this was always going to be on ukraine, first it is of vital importance to members of the g7 but also it is one where they will be a greater likelihood of agreement. the gaza conflict is one where the united states and europe don't necessarily see eye to eye. they're not