palestinians have been allowed to leave gaza via the rafah crossing into egypt. these pictures from egyptian media show what they say are the first foreign nationals to cross. palestinian and egyptian officials say at least 320 foreign passport—holders have crossed into egypt from southern gaza. the territory was besieged by israel after it was attacked over three weeks ago by hamas, which is classed as a terrorist organisation by the uk and other western governments. in northern gaza, another large airstrike has hit jabalia a day after an israeli attack killed dozens of people in the same refugee camp. there is been no comment from the israeli military, but it did say 15 of its soldiers have been killed in gaza over the last two days. earlier, i asked lalah ali faten from manchester about her daughter zaynab, who is trapped in gaza after travelling there for a wedding. she gave me the latest from her daughter they heard that the board was going to be open to and notification from the foreign office and they made their way to the border crossing today and we were informed their names were not on the list and they were turned away and not able to exit gaza today. quite make any information on what they would be able to leave? she was not given any further information and when she may be able to cross and there really was no certainty in her crossing today but the fact that the foreign office and that messaging gave them hope that there would be a chance that they could cross today, unfortunately that did not happen. the way it goes on for both her, the family and of course, you, she told you what is she be able to communicate with you about which she would do next while she waits to possibly be able to cross? the? would do next while she waits to possibly be able to cross? they have become more _ possibly be able to cross? they have become more hopeful _ possibly be able to cross? they have become more hopeful but, - possibly be able to cross? they have become more hopeful but, the - possibly be able to cross? they have become more hopeful but, the end | possibly be able to cross? they have| become more hopeful but, the end of this chapter for them is drawing to a close and they feel encouraged that they see other foreign nationals leaving and hopefully, this saying it's just a matter of time until our names are on the list and were able to leave and close to the border, there waiting there and as soon as they hear any further updates, if they find their names are actually on the list, they will make their way to the border crossing. make their way to the border crossinu. �* , ., ., , crossing. but set of conditions today find _ crossing. but set of conditions today find themselves - crossing. but set of conditions today find themselves in - crossing. but set of conditionsj today find themselves in while waiting there. we talked a lot on the programme tonight about access to aid, food in modern medicine, with the help of the able to get while they wait? the with the help of the able to get while they wait?— while they wait? the current situation as _ while they wait? the current situation as of— while they wait? the current situation as of yesterday - while they wait? the current situation as of yesterday is l while they wait? the current i situation as of yesterday is that their food situation as of yesterday is that theirfood rations situation as of yesterday is that their food rations are situation as of yesterday is that theirfood rations are minimal and they run out of drinking water at they run out of drinking water at the last time i spoke to her. and so, hopefully they secured some drinking water but the last time i spoke to her, she said we had run out of water. there washing with sea water to wash themselves their clothes. the existence is really hard going from day—to—day experience in such circumstances and living in a war zone is something she is not accustomed to, the first year she flew down to gaza to meet her husbands family and the experiences left are really mentally exhausted. pic implications there. let us get the latest on the humanitarian situation. and international warfare. the un and the last frs thatis warfare. the un and the last frs that is that israeli strikes on a gaza refugee camp could amount to war crimes but what exactly are those rules? what is the role of international humanitarian law when it comes to a conflict? joining me is the israel and palestine director of human rights. joining me from chicago is the israel and palestine director of human rights watch, 0mar shakir. the warning from the un's thing israeli strikes on a gaza refugee camp could amount to war crimes. what is the determining factor here to determine whether or not that is a war crime? the to determine whether or not that is a war crime?— a war crime? the basic laws of international _ a war crime? the basic laws of international humanitarian - a war crime? the basic laws of international humanitarian lawj a war crime? the basic laws of. international humanitarian law set out several principles, one is that there must always be an effort by there must always be an effort by the parties to use distinctions between combatants and civilians and proportionality. that any strike, the amount of civilian casualties lost must be outweighed by the military again. and that would be the fundamental tenets that we will bring to a pleasure. human rights forces documenting every round of hostility in gaza we've been working for more than 30 years and documenting numerous unlawful air strikes by israeli forces including disproportionate strikes and indiscriminate strikes that wipe out entire families and knocked out high—rise buildings full of hundreds of homes and without any apparent military target as well as disproportionate strikes. israel continues to use explosive weapons with white areas and defects like aerial bombs and heavy artillery and refugee camps producing entire large parts of neighbourhoods and blocks to rubble. that creates unlawful indiscriminate disproportionate strikes. . , strikes. targeting the refugee camp because it is — strikes. targeting the refugee camp because it is targeting _ strikes. targeting the refugee camp because it is targeting hamas - because it is targeting hamas infrastructure we should remember that hamas killed moo people in israel by firing rockets from gaza into israel into civilian territories.— into israel into civilian territories. �* . ., , , ., territories. and what happened on october seven _ territories. and what happened on october seven were _ territories. and what happened on october seven were war— territories. and what happened on october seven were war crimes, l 0ctober seven were war crimes, deliberately killing civilians and taking civilians as hostages without justification and war crimes committed by one boring party does not give licence to the other one party to commit war crimes. the reality is the israeli government has committed its own war crimes including by cutting electricity and water to the entire civilian population of gaza, and deliberately blocking life—saving humanitarian aid and also these grave concerns about air strikes and human rights documents of the use of white phosphorus in gaza in a densely populated area which is unlawful and the violence did not begin on october seven, the israeli 0ctober seven, the israeli government has imposed a 16 year closure on gaza they're practising the crimes against humanity of apartheid against palestinians as human rights watch in groups of documented. war crimes being committed by all parties and one cites war crimes do notjustify the other sites war crimes was of international humanitarian law is not a deal between fighters, it's a deal of humanity. you not a deal between fighters, it's a deal of humanity.— not a deal between fighters, it's a deal of humanity. you talk about the -e of deal of humanity. you talk about the type of weapons _ deal of humanity. you talk about the type of weapons used _ deal of humanity. you talk about the type of weapons used and _ deal of humanity. you talk about the type of weapons used and it's - deal of humanity. you talk about the type of weapons used and it's been i type of weapons used and it's been on the strategy is with the focus is spent on an humanitarian law as the protection of civilians and the other is restrictions of the type of warfare that is used. all the focus in this dynamic diplomacy is focused on protecting civilians and israel is taking steps to protect those and the leader strike two at a senior hamas commander and where can one draw the line between what is retaliation and stopping a terrorist organisation that has been described and how hamas is described, where's line between that and falling foul of international humanitarian law? whether the strike was proportionate.- whether the strike was ro ortionate. ~ . , proportionate. what determines if somethina proportionate. what determines if something was — proportionate. what determines if something was proportionate. - proportionate. what determines if| something was proportionate. you have to weigh _ something was proportionate. 7m, have to weigh the consequences was civilians with the anticipated military again. these are terms to just rule time and they don'tjump to make pronouncements the second it happens, you have to collect the evidence and see the extent of the damage it was impossible that the israeli government could have taken precautions. that is also part of the applications. to take reasonable precautions to minimise civilian harm. sometimes the government issues warnings that must be effective and there must be a safe place to going safe time to get there in sufficient time, there was no warning here, that doesn't necessarily make it unlawful but we have to look at the extent of civilian damage military danger. the fact israel claims that they were going after hamas commander, but the strike could still be unlawful if they didn't take precautions to protect civilians. find they didn't take precautions to protect civilians.— protect civilians. and with difference _ protect civilians. and with difference with _ protect civilians. and with difference with this - protect civilians. and with i difference with this scrutiny protect civilians. and with - difference with this scrutiny make because we know those laws apply to states and what is the status of hamas here and also islamichhad? to the care of their sanction by the international criminal court? the su- -l international criminal court? the su -l not international criminal court? the suoply not just — international criminal court? tue: supply notjust the international criminal court? tte: supply not just the states international criminal court? tt2 supply not just the states but supply notjust the states but stayed on groups in correspondence with hamas groups about the serious track record of war crimes and other serious violations there and hamas authorities have said they consider international human rights do not apply to their own conduct and they have engaged in the record shows that willful disregard for the basic international law of norms but the international criminal court prosecutor for egypt was a warning shot that the events taking place could come within the jurisdiction it is critical that states echo support for accountability because there is this historic violence because of decades of impunity and unlawful attacks from these groups in the apartheid against the palestinians.— in the apartheid against the palestinians. , ., ., ., , palestinians. israel and palestine director of human _ palestinians. israel and palestine director of human rights - palestinians. israel and palestine director of human rights watch. l director of human rights watch. thank you. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news. london is now at 160 bicycle fires in 2023. more than any other year in 2a firefighters attended displays. and access is one of the main topics for the fire brigade. taste and access is one of the main topics for the fire brigade.— for the fire brigade. we would like for the fire brigade. we would like for --eole for the fire brigade. we would like for people to _ for the fire brigade. we would like for people to store _ for the fire brigade. we would like for people to store them - for the fire brigade. we would like for people to store them outside l for people to store them outside and in a rubric and shut the door and they've had people storing their bicycles inside the core doors because a being that is the safe thing to do but you are impeding your escape route if the bikes to catch fire. ., , ., your escape route if the bikes to catch fire-— your escape route if the bikes to catch fire. .,, ., ., , , catch fire. people need to also buy from reputable _ catch fire. people need to also buy from reputable sellers _ catch fire. people need to also buy from reputable sellers and - catch fire. people need to also buy from reputable sellers and use - catch fire. people need to also buy i from reputable sellers and use those batteries partnered with the bike. you're live with bbc news. in the uk, an ongoing inquiry into the government's handling of the covid 19 pandemic today heard evidence from the uk's second—most senior civil servant, helen macnamara, who said she would struggle to pick a day when covid rules were properly followed in no 10. the former deputy cabinet secretary also criticised former prime minister, borisjohnson's, "breezy confidence" about the unfolding pandemic in march 2020. i would find it hard to pick a day with the protocol was followed inside that building because as it's inside that building because as it's in my statement, there was one meeting will be absolutely appear to the guidance to the letter and as of the guidance to the letter and as of the cabinet meeting and everybody moaned about it. thank you for being with us and what happened to your mother was yellow my mother was in a care home and received the call in 2020 and four days later, she passed away on the 12th of april with covid—19 symptoms since the —— symptoms. phase two of a multi—phased inquiry, but that statement there from helen, the deputy cabinet secretaries saying there wasn't a single day were the rules were completely followed in number ten, we've heard some of this before but to hear from such a senior civil servant, how does that make you feel?— make you feel? absolutely unbelievable. _ make you feel? absolutely unbelievable. we - make you feel? absolutely unbelievable. we suspect. make you feel? absolutely . unbelievable. we suspect that make you feel? absolutely - unbelievable. we suspect that with this inquiry, we know that it did happen and my case, i was not allowed to be with my mum and she passed away and at a restricted funeral and cannot be with friends and family and a lot of people made sacrifices and i'm sure a lot of people feel they are going to be very angry this evening. this inuui very angry this evening. this inquiry goes _ very angry this evening. this inquiry goes on _ very angry this evening. this inquiry goes on and - very angry this evening. this inquiry goes on and more and more evidence that is brought to light. looking at how you are with the breed families forjustice group in december of this to suppress you when we hear it? the december of this to suppress you when we hear it?— when we hear it? the revelations have been _ when we hear it? the revelations have been extremely _ when we hear it? the revelations have been extremely painful - when we hear it? the revelations have been extremely painful and | have been extremely painful and overwhelming but never in my wildest dreams did i think you be as bad as this and she did insist that these are handed over and we can see in black in my book is going on, this toxic culture number ten. you spoke before on this _ toxic culture number ten. you spoke before on this not _ toxic culture number ten. you spoke before on this not becoming - toxic culture number ten. you spoke before on this not becoming a - toxic culture number ten. you spoke before on this not becoming a party| before on this not becoming a party political thing and that giving evidence don'tjust use this to have a dig at other people that they work with their preps on the other side of the house, if you been reassured that this is keeping the spirit of this inquiry front and centre the people are talking about the real issues? , , j issues? the past few days, they've done a lot of _ issues? the past few days, they've done a lot of finger-pointing - issues? the past few days, they've done a lot of finger-pointing but i issues? the past few days, they've done a lot of finger-pointing but it| done a lot of finger—pointing but it should not be about finger—pointing, it's how you learn the lesson seek to prevent this from happening in the future and thousands of lives were lost to poor decision—making and that is why we fight for this inquiry. d0 and that is why we fight for this inuui . ,, and that is why we fight for this inuui . i. ., and that is why we fight for this inuui . ., . ., inquiry. do you have confidence that this inuui inquiry. do you have confidence that this inquiry is going to actually - this inquiry is going to actually change anything that this will deliver results and will any of this give you closure of what happened to you and to your mum? yes. you and to your mum? yes, the evidence _ you and to your mum? yes, the evidence on _ you and to your mum? yes, the evidence on board _ you and to your mum? yes, the evidence on board and - evidence on board and recommendations and the confidence i will have that the government of that time will take comport those recommendations and the need to be implemented and be taken seriously and the other one concern at the moment is disregarded in the care sector which is module six and the public hearings will not start until spring 2025 and i think that's a bit too late and we need to bring that forward. , ., ., ,, ,., too late and we need to bring that forward. , ., ., ,, y., ., forward. deborah, thank you for bein: forward. deborah, thank you for being with _ forward. deborah, thank you for being with us — forward. deborah, thank you for being with us and _ forward. deborah, thank you for being with us and best - forward. deborah, thank you for being with us and best of- forward. deborah, thank you for being with us and best of luck . forward. deborah, thank you for| being with us and best of luck as this inquiry moves forward in getting the answers to the questions you still have. breaking news we've talked about this already so far and the israeli air strike on gaza's largest refugee camp, we heard this from the un and we are getting a few more details and lines there on claims that this could amount to a war crime. coming from the un human rights office. israeli strikes targeting the refugee camp and we talked about this yesterday and there have been further strikes on that camp and so, twice in two days in wounding dozens according to the palestinian authority. for israel's part, they sent the read was successful in the aim of it was to stop hamas being able to launch strikes and israel and they were successfully able to take out the hamas commander and the un says the big challenge, given the high number of civilian casualties in the scale of destruction after that it's really air strike, we have serious concerns that this is disproportionate attacks that could face and amount to war crimes. you'll have more on that if there any further developments in those the latest line. king charles is on king charles and queen camilla have met kenyan veterans of the second world war on the second day of their state visit. they visited a cemetery in nairobi to honour africans who died fighting for britain in the last century, as our royal correspondent nicholas witchell reports. their sacrifice has sometimes been overlooked. soldiers from africa who lost their lives in the world wars. king charles and queen camilla arrived to pay their respects at a commonwealth war graves commission ceremony on the outskirts of nairobi. waiting to meet them where four veterans of world war ii. former british soldiers who are now in their late 90s, and even older. this is samweli mburia. he is said to have been born in 1906. that makes him 117 years old. close by were medals, sets of medals to replace the decorations these men had to destroy during the mau mau uprising of the 1950s, forfear of being seen as british collaborators. the king and queen laid their wreaths in tribute to the estimated 15,000 soldiers from africa who died in the world wars. the couple made their way around the cemetery — the king tripping, at one point. and then it was time to meet the veterans and present their medals. first, john kavai, aged 101. your watching bbc news. and the uk announces a "world first agreement" on how earlier today — the uk announced what it called a �*world first agreement�* on how to manage the riskiest forms of artificial intelligence — at the start of the first ai safety summit. around 100 world leaders, tech bosses, academics and ai researchers have gathered to discuss how to maximise the benefits of ai and minimise the risks. hosted by the government, the ai safety summit is focusing on the most advanced systems known as �*frontier ai�*. 0rganisers hope leaders from around the world will agree on how it�*s developed and controlled. artificial intelligence is where computer systems learn and solve problems almost like a human. they identify patterns and make connections, and can give responses that seem almost human. uk prime minister rishi sunak has outlined threats like bio—terrorism, cyber—attacks, or advanced ai breaking free of human control. but critics say the summit should be focused on more immediate problems, like bias in the systems, or the impact onjobs. others have highlighted a lack of civil society voices, and the absence of key leaders like germany�*s 0laf scholtz and emmanuel macron from france. one person who is there is elon musk. the tech entrepreneur — who owns the social media site x — formerly known as twitter — has a keen interest in al — and he shared his thoughts on the topic. ai alto al to be where biggest threats. —— one of the biggest threats. a situation i think ai is one of the biggest threats. i mean, we are... for the first time we have a situation where there�*s something that is going to be far smarter than the smartest human. we are not stronger or faster than other creatures, but we are more intelligent and here we are for the first time really in human history with something that�*s going to be far more intelligent than us. live now to oxford and professor michael wooldridge, director of foundational ai research at the alan turing institute in london. thank you for being with us and posing the question to you,. iloathed thank you for being with us and posing the question to you,. what is the question — posing the question to you,. what is the question we _ posing the question to you,. what is the question we should _ posing the question to you,. what is the question we should be _ posing the question to you,. what is the question we should be focusing. the question we should be focusing on as part of the summit? t5 the question we should be focusing on as part of the summit? is usually complicated — on as part of the summit? is usually complicated picture _ on as part of the summit? is usually complicated picture and _ on as part of the summit? is usually complicated picture and mixed - complicated picture and mixed contemporary very difficult in terms of risks is the voices in the room. so many different views ranging from the extremely dystopian rights group to be extremely utopian people think ai is going to be the answer to all the worlds problems. they think the difficulty is the government is wondering who they should listen to how to set priorities accordingly. i think in is very brief summit, which is been organised and fairly short notice in response to the fact that we have seen substantial progress and ai over the past couple of years were particularly typing the single most important achievement is the objective to identify a well reasoned set of priorities and frankly, frequently global agreement on what the priority issues are i think they�*ll be huge victory. fin think they'll be huge victory. on the skill think they'll be huge victory. 0n the skill of regulation for us is giving companies free reign, if history tells us anything, if we fail to regulate properly, when being the internet and the second being the internet and the second being social media, and they lie in the hands of a small number of big powerful organisations. there is a danger that al could go the same way and how do we keep everybody safe and how do we keep everybody safe and because ai can do some amazing things as well. and because ai can do some amazing things as well-— things as well. exactly finding that balance and _ things as well. exactly finding that balance and at _ things as well. exactly finding that balance and at the _ things as well. exactly finding that balance and at the moment, - things as well. exactly finding that balance and at the moment, there things as well. exactly finding that - balance and at the moment, there are three models being proposed in the us model looks like it�*s going to be relatively lightweight and is going to protect innovation and that is no great surprise given the routes which is companies are based in the us and their tech companies that own and develop this technology. european regulations which are straight out of the data protection moved it�*s very heavily focused on protecting human rights and human data in particular, very prominent and so its human rights driven in chinese regulation which is restate driven. yet these different kinds of models in the uk is an interesting position in that it is an opportunity right now to try to sit between those and potentially be a mediator between those different models but nobody seems to know what the regulation should look like and there is a number of potential models the range from stifling down to almost nothing and finding that is going to be very difficult. i think there is general consensus that regulation is required. t�*m that regulation is required. i'm sure we'll _ that regulation is required. i'm sure we'll talk _ that regulation is required. i'm sure we'll talk about this again and sure we�*ll talk about this again and some is to discuss and that is professor of the institute in london. more news on the website. for the all important weather forecast with the details of the storm that is coming. hello, there. storm ciaran is set to bring some potentially damaging gusts of wind to parts of the south. here is ciaran continuing to rapidly intensify underneath a powerful atlantic jet stream. it�*s this part of the storm here that�*s going to bring a swathe of particularly violent winds. the met office have issued a couple of amber weather warnings for parts of southern england where there will be some localized disruption. gusts of around 70 or 80 odd miles—an—hour. but the violent winds will be heading across north—west france and the channel islands, where there could be some gusts of wind over 100mph, strong enough to rip roofs off a few buildings and bring down a number of trees. but there will be parts of southern england that see winds that are kind of more typical for a normal area of low pressure and won�*t be too much of a problem. variable winds from this potentially dangerous storm for some, but it�*s this swathe of violent winds going into north—west france and the channel islands that are of particular concern. it�*s here where, as i say, there could be some roofs being brought down. i think quite a large number of trees will be toppled by those strong winds, particularly given that the trees are still in leaf. so some severe transport disruption and probably disruption to power supplies on the way for these areas. now, it will also be very windy for a time across parts of south—west england, the isles of scilly, cornwall, devon. later in the day we�*ll see some very strong winds working into kent. these areas could see some localised impacts, as well, but close to the center of the low pressure, actually, it won�*t be unusually windy. gusts of wind, perhaps around a0 or 50mph — a blowy day, but nothing particularly special. heading into friday, as our area of low pressure works into the north sea, it�*s weakening by this stage. again, quite blustery winds, but probably no impact from the winds. rather, though, we are concerned about heavy rain. eastern scotland, down into parts of eastern england, the rain for these areas could be heavy enough to bring some localised flooding back to some communities, especially given how wet the weather has been throughout october. now, beyond that into the weekend, it does stay unsettled. we�*ve got some pretty wet weather to come across southern parts of england and wales on saturday. showers or longer spells of rain into the north and west. storm ciaran bringing some violent gusts of wind, the strongest of which bringing some severe damage to parts of the channel islands and also north—west france, but some damaging winds across parts of southern england too. fellows, dumb question as hello, i�*m christian fraser. this is the context on bbc news. we understand that serious cases in this icu, ambulances arrived here and the process seems to be working so far. translation: everything should be open for everything in gaza. - food, supplies and fuel. we have almost 20,000 people who are severely injured and need to travel abroad for treatment. translation: they will not break our spirit. - you are never allowed to believe in these monsters. you should never fall into their traps of a psychological war. translation: we retaliated, shot back, eliminated - those terrorists and we will continue doing so against any terrorist cell that tries to attack any of the borders of israel. the most severly wounded palestinians and some foreign nationals have been allowed to leave gaza today through the rafah crossing, the first time it has opened to people since the israel—gaza war began in early october. we will get reaction tonight from msf, whose doctors are working both inside gaza and on the outside, in egypt.