tributes have been paid from around the world to archbishop desmond tutu, one of the leading figures in the fight against white minority rule in south africa, who has died aged 90. desmond tutu's tireless campaigning against apartheid was rewarded with the nobel peace prize. south africa's president, cyril ramaphosa, described him as a "patriot without equal". former us president barack obama said he had been a "mentor, friend and moral compass". president biden said he was "heartbroken". his funeral will be held on 1st january. the bbc�*s nomsa maseko reports from soweto. paying their last respects, people from all walks of life dropped off flowers here at desmond tutu's soweto home, demonstrating what the 90—year—old stood for. he was the voice of reason, the face of reconciliation and south africa's moral compass. archbishop desmond tutu was one of our nation toss finest patriots. he was a man of unwavering courage, of principal, conviction and whose life was spent in the service of others. he in many ways embodied the essence of our humanity. he to us is south african because he is the light and the icon of this country. he used to be a father to us. his wife used to be a mother to us. it was desmond tutu, known affectionately as the arch, coined the phrase rainbow nation to describe south africa's ethnic diversity, often preaching peace and unity in the face of adversity. he was one of the greatest people i've ever met. he and nelson mandela are the two leaders who ended apartheid, but he was a teacher, he was a moral leader, he was a campaigner. several memorial services are expected to be held in honour of desmond tutu in the next few days. for people here in soweto, they remember the arch as a unifying figure who played a prominent role in south africa becoming a democracy. flowers were also laid in cape town, where he died at his home, surrounded by family and friends. she was with him this morning when arch said goodbye to us, and she was lying next to him in bed, and she was still touching him, you know, my baby. a seven—day sendoff is being planned, including lying in state and a mass to be held by the anglican church. us presidentjoe biden and the first lady said they were "heartbroken" to discover archbishop tutu had died. in a statement, they said... ndileka mandela is the first granddaughter of former south african president nelson mandela, a social activist and chair of the mandela foundation. she told me about her first memories of archbishop tutu. well, the first memory is when granddad, i saw some pictures, because he hosted granddad at his house. it wouldn't be years until i met him on another occasion, but it would be... met him on another occasion, but it would be---— met him on another occasion, but it| would be. . ._ well, would be... what was he like? well, he was a person _ would be... what was he like? well, he was a person that _ would be... what was he like? well, he was a person that was _ would be... what was he like? well, he was a person that was full - would be... what was he like? well, he was a person that was full of - he was a person that was full of jov- he was a person that was full of joy. he loves laughing.- he was a person that was full of joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that ou joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that you are — joy. he loves laughing. now, i know thatyou are a— joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that you are a bit _ joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that you are a bit of— joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that you are a bit of a _ joy. he loves laughing. now, i know that you are a bit of a social - that you are a bit of a social activist. he must resonate with your feelings as well, because he didn't hold back, did he? ida. feelings as well, because he didn't hold back, did he?— hold back, did he? no, he didn't. i know recently. _ hold back, did he? no, he didn't. i know recently, in _ hold back, did he? no, he didn't. i know recently, in the _ hold back, did he? no, he didn't. i know recently, in the recent - hold back, did he? no, he didn't. i know recently, in the recent past, | know recently, in the recent past, he was very vocal about the corruption happening in the anc, and there is a video clip of him saying, if they don't change their ways, he is warning them that people will stop voting for them. he did not hold back at all. he did not pull any punches. he was thank you to his voice. ., . ., . voice. how did he reconcile religion. — voice. how did he reconcile religion, the _ voice. how did he reconcile religion, the church - voice. how did he reconcile religion, the church and - voice. how did he reconcile - religion, the church and politics? was he uncomfortable with that? were people around him uncomfortable with it? he people around him uncomfortable with it? ., , people around him uncomfortable with it? a, , people around him uncomfortable with it? he was always very comfortable. he was one — it? he was always very comfortable. he was one of _ it? he was always very comfortable. he was one of those _ it? he was always very comfortable. he was one of those clergymen - it? he was always very comfortable. he was one of those clergymen that | he was one of those clergymen that found a balance between religion and politics. often times, religious people, especially bishops, will be conflicted when it comes to politics, you know, balancing that with their church views, but arch did find the balance between balancing his church views and his political views. balancing his church views and his politicalviews. i balancing his church views and his political views. i would say that, as far as that is concerned, in my view, he was hard thinking, he was ahead of his time.— view, he was hard thinking, he was ahead of his time. when mandela was released in 1990, _ ahead of his time. when mandela was released in 1990, desmond _ ahead of his time. when mandela was released in 1990, desmond tutu - released in 1990, desmond tutu effectively handed over the struggle to him. what was it like at that moment, when he was first released and they got back together? can you paint a picture for us? it and they got back together? can you paint a picture for us?— paint a picture for us? it was, you know, i watched _ paint a picture for us? it was, you know, i watched it _ paint a picture for us? it was, you know, i watched it on _ paint a picture for us? it was, you know, i watched it on tv,. - paint a picture for us? it was, you know, i watched it on tv,. from | paint a picture for us? it was, you i know, i watched it on tv,. from the pictures, i could see that it was a meeting of kindred spirits. the warm embrace, you could see granddad stretching his arms out to embrace desmond tutu, because these are the people that kept their hopes alive from behind the prison walls. he was a brave man- — from behind the prison walls. he was a brave man. there _ from behind the prison walls. he was a brave man. there are _ from behind the prison walls. he was a brave man. there are images - from behind the prison walls. he was a brave man. there are images of. from behind the prison walls. he was| a brave man. there are images of him risking a black policeman in a township as well.— risking a black policeman in a townshi as well. , , township as well. yes, sometimes, our township as well. yes, sometimes, your fears. — township as well. yes, sometimes, yourfears. your— township as well. yes, sometimes, your fears, your quest _ township as well. yes, sometimes, your fears, your quest for - township as well. yes, sometimes, your fears, your quest forjustice i your fears, your quest forjustice overcomes your fears, and your fears, your quest forjustice overcomes yourfears, and i believe that's with desmond tutu. the overcomes your fears, and i believe that's with desmond tutu.— that's with desmond tutu. the first granddaughter _ that's with desmond tutu. the first granddaughter of _ that's with desmond tutu. the first granddaughter of nelson _ that's with desmond tutu. the first granddaughter of nelson mandela i granddaughter of nelson mandela speaking to me earlier. the taliban say women in afghanistan seeking to travel, other than short distances, should not be offered transport unless accompanied by a close male relative. the taliban also directed all vehicle owners to offer rides only to women wearing islamic face coverings or hijabs. activists say the taliban's interpretation of hijab is unclear and most afghan women already wear headscarves. the islamists have also asked people not to play music in their vehicles. people in more than 100 cities in the philippines are without power, following typhoon rai, which ripped through the country ten days ago. disaster officials warn it may take until february to restore all electricity supplies. tens of thousands of homes were damaged and there's still a lack of food and clean water. you are watching bbc news. the bodies of 16 iraqi kurds who drowned when their inflatable boat sank last month in the channel, whilst trying to reach england, have been returned to northern iraq. burial services have taken place in irbil. the majority of the 29 people who died in the incident were iraqi kurds. an estimated 40,000 people from the region left for europe in the past year alone, using clandestine routes. soran qurbani of bbc�*s persian service, who took part in the bbc investigation into the channel drowning incident, has more on the events in northern iraq today. is one of the iraqi sitters today, iraqi kurdistan was morning for at least 16 bodies today, and these bodies were supposed to arrive two days ago but, because of weather conditions, they were delayed, and some relatives were at the airport for the past two days and desperately waiting for the body of their loved one to arrive and to be buried. many people are gathering later and were drawn to at least seven towns, different towns in iraqi kurdistan. heartbreaking stories, all of them equally important, but the story of the man who lost his entire family, his wife and three young children, it was heartbreaking to see him and many people tried to be next to him, from the footage i have seen. it's very dramatic and eventful, in iraqi kurdistan. dramatic and eventful, in iraqi kurdistan-— dramatic and eventful, in iraqi kurdistan. , ., ., , , kurdistan. remind us what happened last month. according _ kurdistan. remind us what happened last month. according to _ kurdistan. remind us what happened last month. according to our - last month. according to our investigation, _ last month. according to our investigation, at _ last month. according to our investigation, at 10pm, - last month. according to our investigation, at 10pm, at i last month. according to our i investigation, at 10pm, at least last month. according to our - investigation, at 10pm, at least 32 migrants set off from france, close to dunkirk, and afterfive or six hours, according to the communication they had with families to whatsapp and other messaging apps, they were in the water for five hours and after that i had problems with the dinghy. it was losing air and they were desperate to seek help. in our interview with the two men who survived that incident, one of them that we have interviewed said they were desperate to get help from either side before they sent their location to french and uk authorities it was too late, and uk authorities it was too late, and their boat capsized, and all the passengers lost their lives except these two people. so far, 27 bodies have been recovered by french authorities, and at least three others are missing. lode authorities, and at least three others are missing.— authorities, and at least three others are missing. we have also been hearing _ others are missing. we have also been hearing from _ others are missing. we have also been hearing from some - others are missing. we have also been hearing from some of - others are missing. we have also been hearing from some of the i been hearing from some of the relatives that have been speaking in iraq. translation: ~ iraq. translation: ., , iraq. translation: . , translation: we iraqis and kurds have nobody _ translation: we iraqis and kurds have nobody here _ translation: we iraqis and kurds have nobody here was _ translation: we iraqis and kurds have nobody here was at _ translation: we iraqis and kurds have nobody here was at peace. . have nobody here was at peace. everyone — have nobody here was at peace. everyone in iraq and soil is not at all ease _ everyone in iraq and soil is not at all ease with their lives. kurdish government and iraqi government should _ government and iraqi government should stop this exodus. the youth should _ should stop this exodus. the youth should not— should stop this exodus. the youth should not be pushed to risk their lives _ lives. translation: , , ., , translation: yes, this was a family of four, a mother _ translation: yes, this was a family of four, a mother and _ translation: yes, this was a family of four, a mother and her _ translation: yes, this was a family of four, a mother and her three - of four, a motherand herthree children— of four, a motherand herthree children wanted _ of four, a motherand herthree children wanted to _ of four, a motherand herthree children wanted to migrate - of four, a motherand herthree children wanted to migrate and| of four, a mother and her three - children wanted to migrate and have a better_ children wanted to migrate and have a better life — children wanted to migrate and have a better life. it's— children wanted to migrate and have a better life. it's a _ children wanted to migrate and have a better life. it's a tragedy— children wanted to migrate and have a better life. it's a tragedy they - a better life. it's a tragedy they met their— a better life. it's a tragedy they met their end— a better life. it's a tragedy they met their end at _ a better life. it's a tragedy they met their end at sea. _ a better life. it's a tragedy they met their end at sea.— a better life. it's a tragedy they met their end at sea. could you exlain? met their end at sea. could you exolain? we — met their end at sea. could you explain? we heard _ met their end at sea. could you explain? we heard a _ met their end at sea. could you explain? we heard a relative i met their end at sea. could you - explain? we heard a relative saying the youth should not be pushed to risk their lives. what are the reasons? its risk their lives. what are the reasons?— risk their lives. what are the reasons? ., reasons? its sociopolitical and financial, because _ reasons? its sociopolitical and financial, because most - reasons? its sociopolitical and financial, because most of - reasons? its sociopolitical and i financial, because most of these people and other migrants we have interviewed, they blame the leaders, that they failed them, they couldn't make the promises they made true in the past 20 years, at least. most of these people are young, they don't remove saddam hussein or have any memory of the past, and since they are born they are dealing with the new iraqi government and iraqi kurdistan government, and the lack ofjobs, injustice, corruption and political instability is the reason that pushes these people away. some of them are saying that we are protesting, and it's their way of protesting, and it's their way of protest that we leave this region, we leave iraq because our political leaders can't fulfil our dream. i would say, in iraq central government, is the same situation stop in october 2019, there was a mass uprising, and after that, at least 300 activists were assassinated and killed. the situation politically is getting worse and worse, according to migrants, that they played that region. migrants, that they played that re . ion. migrants, that they played that reuion. . ., region. our correspondence from the bbc persian — region. our correspondence from the bbc persian service. _ a man who was arrested within the grounds of windsor castle on christmas day, while in possession of a crossbow, has been detained under the mental health act. we had some more details earlier this evening from the metropolitan police about that incident yesterday, christmas day. we know the queen was at windsor castle, that is where she is spending the festive period. she normally goes to her sandringham estate in norfolk, not this year, because of concerns of the omicron variant, but it was yesterday morning at around 8:30am officers from both the metropolitan police and also thames valley police arrested a man moments, they say, after he entered the grounds of windsor castle, a i9—year—old man from southampton, and he was taken into custody. he was arrested on suspicion of breach or trespass of a protected site and possession of an offensive weapon. they did a mental health assessment on this i9—year—old while he was in custody and he has now been detained under the mental health act. he is being looked after by medical professionals. confirmation from the metropolitan police that they searched the man, they say, after he was arrested and on that man they found a crossbow. there have been various newspaper reports that the man used a rope ladder to try and scale a metal fence, but that has not been confirmed by officers at this stage. the i9—year—old man arrested in the grounds of windsor castle yesterday, and just to confirm that officers did confirm yesterday that he didn't reach any of the buildings within the castle, he just got into the grounds. he has been detained under the mental health act and officers in their statement this evening say enquiries into the full circumstances of what happened would be continued by the metropolitan police specialist operations. police in northern india have launched an investigation after a statue ofjesus was vandalised at the entrance of a colonial—era church. the incident in the holy redeemer church in ambala city is the latest in a series of such attacks in recent months. newspaper editorials have urged the leaders of the governing hindu—nationalist bjp party to condemn hate speech and attacks on religious minorities. our south asia regional editor, anbarasan ethirajan, in delhi has more. attacks on christmas day, they are unthinkable 20 years ago but since 2014 after the bjp came to power, the hindu nationalist party, christian organisations say attacks against them have doubled. we have seen prayer halls being attacked, churches that are literally being burned, and also some of the pastors are being attacked by hindu right—wing youths. this is all happening for the past few years and putting this community in fear, they fear that they are being persecuted. christians are a religious minority in india, about 2%, or 30 million people, but they have remained at the sidelines when you compare them with the other biggest religious minority, muslims. they feel the attacks are increasing but the government denies that there is an orchestrated campaign against the christians, but many people would complain that the police officers are not taking enough action as and when these christian places of worship are being targeted. it is not only about the christians. the way the hindu right—wing people have started using hate speech that shocked many people. for example, a week ago in the conclave of religious leaders, hindu saints and some of the people linked to the governing bjp, they were calling for open violence against muslims. and in fact they gave interviews for television channels afterwards standing by the statement. and this was again quite unprecedented, the level of hate speech against religious minorities. that's why many newspapers have been calling on the government, including the prime minister, narendra modi, to come out and openly condemn these incidents. otherwise the level of intolerance, the level of religious hatred will start growing. israel's government has approved a three—hundred—million—dollar plan to consolidate its control of the golan heights. this area is regarded by most of the world as occupied territory. it was captured from syria during the six—day war more than half a century ago and later annexed. the israeli prime minister, naftali bennett, told a special cabinet meeting held in the golan that the aim was to double the jewish population there to nearly 50,000 within the next few years. translation: first, it must be said the golan heights _ translation: first, it must be said the golan heights are _ translation: first, it must be said the golan heights are israel's. - the golan heights are israel's. there is no doubt about it. israeli law has been applied here since 1981. it's beyond all debate. trump administration first recognised this and now the biden administration has made it clear there is no change in this policy. the number of flights that have been cancelled worldwide over the christmas weekend because of the omicron coronavirus variant has risen to more than 7,000. flight operators said many pilots and crew were testing positive for the virus. department boards full of disappointment, boris means a growing number of flights are not taking off. in the us, many airlines are struggling to find enough proof to staff all the services. leading to staff all the services. leading to frustration among those who want to frustration among those who want to spend the holiday season with loved ones. i’m to spend the holiday season with loved ones-— loved ones. i'm only travelling because my — loved ones. i'm only travelling because my father _ loved ones. i'm only travelling because my father is - loved ones. i'm only travelling because my father is sick - loved ones. i'm only travelling because my father is sick and l loved ones. i'm only travelling j because my father is sick and i don't know how much longer he has left so i wanted to see him for christmas, but other than that i would stay home. i christmas, but other than that i would stay home.— would stay home. i put this in february _ would stay home. i put this in february and _ would stay home. i put this in february and we _ would stay home. i put this in february and we had - would stay home. i put this in february and we had no - would stay home. i put this in february and we had no idea. would stay home. i put this in i february and we had no idea we would stay home. i put this in - february and we had no idea we would still be _ february and we had no idea we would still be dealing with covid. don�*t still be dealing with covid. don't normally travel _ still be dealing with covid. don't normally travel at _ still be dealing with covid. don't normally travel at christmas. i still be dealing with covid. don't| normally travel at christmas. it's our first time and may be the last. is a case of omicron have surged in the us, so to the number of pilots, cabin crew and other airline staff. isolate. the boss of the world second biggest airline, delta, saw this coming out last week wrote to the us centre for disease control, urging them to cut the isolation period from ten days to five some staff, as he warned of significant disruption. while the number of flights that have been grounded is a small percentage of the title, it's more than normal, and no less frustrating for passengers. as in parts of the us, the problem in japan has been the weather. seems like this have stopped many flights taking off. in china, the city of xian is still under lockdown as the authorities try to stop coronavirus pulling. its airport, along with those in beijing, shanghai and elsewhere, have seen some of the worst disruption, with the winter olympics just weeks away travel restrictions are regarded as crucial to keeping his numbers down. in the wake of omicron, governments across europe are also imposing new restrictions. so airlines there also reassessing their schedules for the coming weeks. airlines around the world have lost billions through the pandemic so will hope the number of passengers starts to rise again soon. let's return to our top story — the death of archbishop desmond tutu. the reverend michael battle is the director of the desmond tutu center and author of desmond tutu: a spiritual biography of south africa's confessor. he says, when the archbishop's death was announced, it still came as a shock. well, you know, anytime you deal with death, you think you can it until it comes. i am just also, like the clips that you played, trying to navigate and negotiate the death of someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, someone i consider a saint. can you tell us. take — someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us _ someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us back— someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us back to _ someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us back to how- someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us back to how it i someone i consider a saint. can you tell us, take us back to how it is i tell us, take us back to how it is you came to know each other and what sort of man he was away from the church? i sort of man he was away from the church? ~ . �* , ., church? i think that's the great e--ihan church? i think that's the great epiphany i _ church? i think that's the great epiphany i had- _ church? i think that's the great epiphany i had. when - church? i think that's the great epiphany i had. when i - church? i think that's the great epiphany i had. when i was i church? i think that's the great i epiphany i had. when i was writing my phd dissertation at duke university in the united states, i had the opportunity to try and figure out who to write on, and i felt like i was inspired to write on the theology of desmond tutu, and as providence would have it he was only about six hours away on sabbatical, and so i went with my hat in my hand, hoping that he would approve this dissertation and, lo and behold, the next thing i knew, i was able to live with him in cape town, and so i got to see him behind the scenes, and trust me when i see this, his integrity behind—the—scenes is just as powerful as his charisma in front of cameras and in front of large global audiences. i cameras and in front of large global audiences. . , cameras and in front of large global audiences. ., , ., ., ._ audiences. i was going to say, he was a global— audiences. i was going to say, he was a global celebrity _ audiences. i was going to say, he was a global celebrity at - audiences. i was going to say, he was a global celebrity at the i audiences. i was going to say, he was a global celebrity at the end | audiences. i was going to say, he i was a global celebrity at the end of the day, as well as a man of the church. in your phd research and also spending time with him, what was it about him that surprised you the most? i was it about him that surprised you the most? ~ ., , was it about him that surprised you the most? ~ . , ., , ., . the most? i think, as i was watching and listening — the most? i think, as i was watching and listening to _ the most? i think, as i was watching and listening to the _ the most? i think, as i was watching and listening to the descriptions i and listening to the descriptions you had of arch, the affectionate term we call him by, most descriptions are like moral leader, moral compass, that sort of thing, but what i learned about him was he was a deeply spiritual man, similar to the trappist monks. he prayed about seven times a day. i think it was from that kind of centredness and contempt of life —— contempt native life that he enjoyed alone jeopardy of 90 years, as well as being able to say the right thing at the right time in pivotal moments. and yet he didn't shy away from politics. how did he reconcile the church and politics?— politics. how did he reconcile the church and politics? often times, we have this false _ church and politics? often times, we have this false dichotomy _ church and politics? often times, we have this false dichotomy between i have this false dichotomy between politics and spirituality. one of jesus's famous quotes, which i think fits with politics, is, wherever there are two or three, i am in the midst of that, and politics is basically the gathering of people and the control of affinity groups and the control of affinity groups and self interested groups. i don't think you can really separate them. often times, politics and spirituality, politics and religion go hand in hand. i know we need to do that in the face of trying to keep people from killing each other. tonight, tributes from around the world to south africa's archbishop desmond tutu who has died at the age of 90. raise our hands and we say we will be free. a towering figure in south africa, desmond tutu was one of the driving forces behind the anti—apartheid movement for which he was awarded the nobel peace price. the nobel peace prize. tighter covid restrictions begin in scotland, wales and northern ireland but no new rules for england. and england's batting crumbles again on the first day of the third ashes test in melbourne. good evening. tributes have poured in from around the world for south africa's archbishop desmond tutu who has died at the age of 90. archbishop tutu was a nobel peace prize laureate and was considered as one of the driving forces behind the anti—apartheid movement in south africa. the former us president barack obama described him as a mentor and moral compass, while borisjohnson said he would be remembered for his spiritual leadership. our africa correspondent andrew harding looks back at his life. raise our hands and we say we will be free. desmond tutu was an exuberant figure, an outspoken anglican priest who became one of the world's great moral voices. it was during south africa's long and violent struggle against white minority rule that he rose to prominence, condemning the apartheid government, comparing them to the nazis. the system of this country, apartheid, is immoral. the system of this country is evil. with nelson mandela hidden away in prison, tutu soon became the face of south africa's struggle for freedom and forjustice. he leaves behind a legacy, one of the last of the generation of people who told us that apartheid was wrong and stood up for human rights everywhere. and he never stopped doing that. “119911, tutu was awarded the nobel peace prize and he used his global platform to criticise britain and america for being too soft on the apartheid government. eventually mandela was released, but the advent of democracy presented tutu with new challenges in a country that he now dubbed "the rainbow nation". often in tears, tutu presided over south africa's truth and reconciliation commission, seeking to expose and to heal the wounds of apartheid. he specialised in forgiveness, but with accountability. and that pursuit ofjustice continued, especially when south africa's democratic politicians plunged into corruption. i am warning you that we will pray as we prayed for the downfall of the apartheid government, we will pray for the downfall of a government that misrepresents us. inevitably, desmond tutu made enemies, but his genius was for winning people over, you could say for provoking love. he certainly wants that when he dies he hopes the epitaph will be very clear — that desmond tutu loved, he laughed, he cried, and that is what he was, he was always a man of tremendous joy. the one thing that helps desmond tutu stand out and occupy this unique place in south african history is that he was there at every step of the way through this country's tortuous journey from apartheid to democracy and beyond, with that clear, moral, often angry, sometimes laughing voice, a man defined above all by his sense of hope. flags will fly at half—mast across south africa and a week of tributes is being organised to remember archbishop tutu. his funeral will take place on the 1st of january. many south africans have been gathering outside his homes in cape town and soweto to lay wreaths and light candles.

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