hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world. archbishop desmond tutu, who helped end the racial segregation and discrimination of south africa's apartheid era, has died aged 90. a friend of nelson mandela, he was awarded the nobel peace prize in 1984 for campaigning against apartheid. the south african president, cyril ramaphosa, said the death marked another chapter in the nation's farewell to a "generation of outstanding south africans". our africa correspondent, andrew harding, looks back at his life. raise our hands and we say, we will be free! desmond tutu was a man of hope. a south african priest who became one of the world's great moral voices. it was during south africa's long and violent struggle against white minority rule that desmond tutu rose to prominence. a diminutive priest, defying the apartheid government, comparing them to the nazis. the system of this country, apartheid, is immoral! the system of this country is evil! while nelson mandela was imprisoned for decades, tutu became the face and voice of south africa's liberation movement. desmond tutu was somebody at the height of the anti—apartheid struggle who, when nelson mandela and his leadership comrades in the freedom struggle were locked up on robben island, roused the faithful, inspired people. tutu was fearless, condemning the brutal apartheid state, but also urging black south africans to shun violence, to remain united. in 1984 tutu was awarded the nobel peace prize. and he used his global prominence to criticise britain and america for being too soft on the apartheid government. when freedom finally arrived in south africa, tutu did not fade into the background. instead, often in tears, he presided over a truth and reconciliation commission, shining a light on apartheid's victims and its perpetrators. in later years, tutu continued to speak out, condemning corruption, criticising south africa's own liberation heroes when they lost their way. i am warning, i am warning you that we will pray and we will pray for the downfall of the apartheid government, we will pray for the downfall of the government that misrepresents us. desmond tutu was that rare thing, a truly independent, truly fearless moralfigure, but never a gloomy one. he said to me once that when he dies he hopes the epitaph will be very clear, desmond tutu loved, he laughed he cried and that's what he was, he was a man of tremendous joy. the one thing that helps desmond tutu stand out and occupy this unique place in south african history is that he was there at every step of the way, through this country's tortuous journey from apartheid to democracy and beyond with that clear, moral, often angry, sometimes laughing voice, a man defined above all by his sense of hope. archbishop desmond tutu who has died at the age of 90. here in the uk, the queen has paid tribute. she said: "i am joined by the whole royal family "in being deeply saddened by the news of the death "of archbishop desmond tutu, a man who tirelessly "championed human rights in south africa "and across the world. "i remember with fondness my meetings with him "and his great warmth and humour." tributes have also been coming in from leaders around the world. the former us president, barack obama, posted on twitter saying, "archbishop desmond tutu was a mentor, a friend, and a moral "compass for me and so many others. "a universal spirit, archbishop tutu was grounded in the struggle "for liberation and justice in his own country, "but also concerned with injustice everywhere." the president of south africa, cyril ramaphosa, said, "the passing "of archbishop tutu is another chapter of bereavement "in our nation's farewell to a generation of outstanding "south africans who have bequeathed us a liberated south africa." the uk's prime minister, borisjohnson said he was "deeply saddened to hear of the death "of archbishop desmond tutu. "he was a critical figure in the fight against apartheid "and in the struggle to create a new south africa — "and will be remembered for his spiritual leadership "and irrepressible good humour." earlier i spoke with the former prime minister of the uk gordon brown, who gave me his reaction to the to the death of archbishop tutu. he was one of the greatest people i've ever met. he and nelson mandela are the two leaders who ended apartheid. but you know that he was a teacher, he was a moral leader, he was a campaigner. when he walked into the room he radiated joy and light, and yet he was one of the most modest and humble and unassuming people you could also meet. so he leaves behind a legacy, one of the last of the generation of people who told us that apartheid was wrong and stood up for human rights everywhere, and he never stopped doing that right throughout his life. he went into retirement in 2010 and then i know he came out of retirement to fight for human rights issues. he will never be forgotten as one of the great leaders of our time. he was hugely passionate about education as well. tell us about some of the experiences you had working with him around issues of education. when he retired as archbishop and moved out of formal campaigning on the issues about the truth and reconciliation commission and the rainbow coalition which he talked about in south africa, he decided he wanted to educate every child in africa, so as a un envoy myself i worked with him as we tried to get more and more children into school, and even now there are millions of children who are not yet going to school and are deprived of a childhood, and he had this campaign to give every child a desk, so he had a desk that was full of information that he tried to get across africa. i remember him coming to the united nations to launch a campaign with me and i got a message that he had been kept outside the united nations because his name was not on the list and i went out thinking he'd be angry that he was not admitted in, but he was so placid and so unassuming and so modest, he just saw it as an oversight and not anything that was to be worried about. he was that sort of guy, the life and soul of the party, but also someone who was completely modest and aware that every human being has something to offer, always wanting to find the good in everyone, and of course wanting children in particular to get the chance of developing their potential to the full. he was simply a great human being. that's not only because he won the nobel prize, which he did, but throughout his full life he fought for things that he thought were important and would enhance the dignity of human beings. as you are remembering him you are smiling and we are watching pictures of him at the same time on the screen dancing and laughing as well. it seems an irrepressible humour is such a unique thing, given what he went through. yes, and of course he could have been assassinated during these terrible anti—apartheid years. he was very controversial when he stood out against some of the things that even nelson mandela who was a great friend of his had done. he spoke out about human rights, he believed, for example, in assisted dying, he believed in supporting gay rights, he was not someone who was a traditional person in the sense that he held to the old views, he was prepared to look at the future and what the ideas of the future yielded. so he was a very modern person, and having started off, i think, as a teacher before he became an archbishop, ora bishop and then an archbishop, i think he always wanted to be both learning and educating the younger generation. that is really how i will remember him, as the person who was so kind to everybody he met, subservient to no—one but treated everybody equally. and you know that's a great test of the humanity of an individual. and i think he represented that to such a great degree that he will never be forgotten. he will always be missed, and of course he has a very special place because without him and nelson mandela perhaps apartheid would have lasted for many, many more years. a wonderful tribute from gordon brown. i'm joined now by the rt reverend christopher chessun, bishop of southwark. archbishop desmond tutu had strong ties with the diocese of southwark. had strong ties with good had strong ties with to see you. we have been hearing good to see you. we have been hearing about the global legacy of desmond tutu from gordon brown. but tell us about his association with southwark. in tell us about his association with southwark— tell us about his association with southwark. " ~:: , ., :: , southwark. in the 1960s and 70s he was here. when _ southwark. in the 1960s and 70s he was here. when he _ southwark. in the 1960s and 70s he was here. when he was _ southwark. in the 1960s and 70s he was here. when he was studying . southwark. in the 1960s and 70s he was here. when he was studying hej was here. when he was studying he was here. when he was studying he was attached to a parish in surrey and in the 1970s when he was back with the theological fund based in bromley, the world council of churches, the development fund, he was attached to saint augustine's and people still talk about it with love and affection. when the new rector was put in by me four years ago he wrote the most beautiful letter to her saying how she and he and therefore micro—children had been transformed. and indeed he said he owed to england and king's couege he owed to england and king's college london the ability and the place and the space to discover and find himself how he truly was, setting the foundations for his wonderful work of which we have been hearing —— and theirfour micro—children. hearing -- and their four micro-children.- hearing -- and their four micro-children. ~ , ., n micro-children. were you lucky enou:h micro-children. were you lucky enough to _ micro-children. were you lucky enough to meet _ micro-children. were you lucky enough to meet him? - micro-children. were you lucky enough to meet him? yes, - micro-children. were you lucky enough to meet him? yes, the| micro-children. were you lucky - enough to meet him? yes, the first one i was a — enough to meet him? yes, the first one i was a young _ enough to meet him? yes, the first one i was a young curate _ enough to meet him? yes, the first one i was a young curate in - one i was a young curate in portsmouth helping to organise the festival and he flew over and talk to so impressively. there was an inspiring sermon about the need to offer your life to jesus and inspiring sermon about the need to offer your life tojesus and for jesus being for us the exemplar of justice with mercy and forgiveness. passionate about justice, justice with mercy and forgiveness. passionate aboutjustice, and of course that was shown in his work liberating south africa from apartheid oppression. it is also a justice which always had the ability to forgive. there was mercy and forgiveness. and of course that came to full expression in the truth and reconciliation commission. bishop christopher. _ reconciliation commission. bishop christopher, he _ reconciliation commission. bishop christopher, he was _ reconciliation commission. bishop christopher, he was so _ reconciliation commission. bishop christopher, he was so well- reconciliation commission. bishop christopher, he was so well loved, j reconciliation commission. bishopl christopher, he was so well loved, i understand a room was named after him at southwark cathedral. yes. him at southwark cathedral. yes, there is, him at southwark cathedral. yes, there is. the _ him at southwark cathedral. yes, there is, the desmond _ him at southwark cathedral. yes, there is, the desmond tutu - him at southwark cathedral. use: there is, the desmond tutu room, not only that we remember with great fondness his visits the cathedral. he was full of life, full of love, full of laughter, full of grace, full of laughter, full of grace, full of laughter, full of grace, full ofjoy. full of laughter, full of grace, full of joy-— full of laughter, full of grace, fullof'o. �* , , full of 'oy. bishop christopher, thank full of joy. bishop christopher, thank you _ full of joy. bishop christopher, thank you for— full of joy. bishop christopher, thank you forjoining _ full of joy. bishop christopher, thank you forjoining us - full of joy. bishop christopher, thank you forjoining us and i full of joy. bishop christopher, - thank you forjoining us and sharing with us your memories this evening. new covid restrictions have come into force in scotland, wales and northern ireland to try to halt the surge in infections of the 0micron variant. curbs have been introduced on the hospitality and leisure industry including social distancing rules and limits on the size of gatherings. boris johnson hasn't announced any further restrictions in england. tomas morgan has this report. another winter and another set of restrictions. social life will be curtailed yet again in wales, scotland, and northern ireland as the devolved governments have brought restrictions in again as an attempt to slow the spread of the 0micron variant, to ease pressure on the nhs and to give more people the opportunity to be boosted at mass vaccination centres. having only reopened less then six months ago, nightclubs will have to turn their lights off once again in both wales and northern ireland from today. some industry bosses feel like they're being made scapegoats in this latest round of rules. we've essentially had four and a half months of trade and we're back here again. and the issue is, we are not clear when this will be lifted. we have not been provided yet with any data on why this sector particularly has been closed and what conditions will need to be met for the sector to be reopened again. restrictions on large events will apply from today in two of the nations. restrictions on large events and spectator sports will also apply from today in wales and scotland. the premier league brought forward their break in scotland due to measures limiting fan attendance. across all hospitality venues the rule of six is back in wales as is social distancing. smaller tables mean smaller profits and two metres means fewer guests. the two—metre rule has a massive effect. new year's eve we have full capacity but with the six metre rule we have lost 20% of capacity. we have had to phone a few people and unfortunately cancel people for new year's eve. while restrictions in northern ireland and its scottish pubs and restaurants come into force tomorrow, the stormont executive said they would keep the measures under review. whilst first minister nicola sturgeon told the public theirs would be in place for at least three weeks. meanwhile, her counterpart further south mark drakeford said rules would be reviewed frequently. his next three weekly assessment is due at the end ofjanuary. with large events due to be attended by thousands of people across the uk called off, it looks like this new year's eve will be just as subdued as the last. tomos morgan, bbc news. the bodies of 16 iraqi kurds who drowned when their inflatable boat sank last month in the channel while trying to reach england have been returned to northern iraq. burial services have taken place in irbil. the majority of the 29 people who died in the incident were iraqi kurds. an estimated 40,000 people from the region left for europe in the past year alone, using clandestine routes. with me is soran qurbani from the bbc persian service who took part in the bbc investigation into channel drowning incident and identification of the bodies. an overwhelming reaction to the story. what has happened today? as you said, an overwhelming situation for the families because the bodies were supposed to arrive on friday morning but due to the weather conditions the flights were delayed for two days and many of these families had gathered at the airport for the past two days. in families had gathered at the airport for the past two days.— for the past two days. in general, iraai for the past two days. in general, iraqi kurdistan _ for the past two days. in general, iraqi kurdistan is _ for the past two days. in general, iraqi kurdistan is in _ for the past two days. in general, iraqi kurdistan is in mourning. . for the past two days. in general, | iraqi kurdistan is in mourning. you can see this from two people's feedback on social media and on tv and many people are right now talking about this tragic event. these 16 bodies were from different towns and at least seven towns, their funerals are taking place right now in the seven different towns. it is very traumatic for iraqi kurds in particular because many of these people have family members on their way to europe right now. in the past three days there were other incidents in the mediterranean sea were at least two people died in similar incidents. some of them were iraqi kurds again. some of them were iraqi kurds again. so these events kind of remind them of the danger of the situation. remind us of the specifics of what happened last month. it is believed that at least — happened last month. it is believed that at least 32 people _ happened last month. it is believed that at least 32 people who - happened last month. it is believed that at least 32 people who were i that at least 32 people who were on that at least 32 people who were on that boat that night, there were six dinghies trying to cross on the same night. what we have found out through the communication of these people with their families back home and two eyewitnesses, survivors of that incident, after a couple of hours the weather conditions changed and the dinghy was punctured and was losing air. they tried to ask for help from both french and the uk authorities but the eyewitness told us that before they sent their location to them it was too late and they sank and the boat went over and these people didn't manage to send their location to the authorities to be rescued. as we see these pictures from northern iraq of some of these funerals taking place, you have already mentioned the concern people have about the young people that have been sent away, all gone away in some instances.— in some instances. let's have a little listen _ in some instances. let's have a little listen to _ in some instances. let's have a little listen to the _ in some instances. let's have a little listen to the reaction - in some instances. let's have a| little listen to the reaction from some people in erbil to that situation. translation: we iraqis| and kurds and kurds have nobody here who is in peace. everyone on iraqi soil is not at all at ease with their lives. the kurdish government and iraqi government should stop this exodus and youths should not be pushed to risk their lives like this. translation: yes, this was a family of four. - the mother and her three children wanted to migrate to have a better life. it is a tragedy that they met their end at sea. that first man saying they should not be pushed to risk their lives in this way. why do so many of them leave? ~ ., ~ this way. why do so many of them leave? ~ ., ,, ., ., , ., , leave? when i talk to many of these mi . rants leave? when i talk to many of these migrants they _ leave? when i talk to many of these migrants they blame _ leave? when i talk to many of these migrants they blame their _ leave? when i talk to many of these migrants they blame their political l migrants they blame their political leaders. they say we are let down by our leaders because there is high unemployment and injustice and they blame corrupted leaders. there are leaders have not shied away from that, they say there is corruption but we need time to implement some reforms. these people are not patient enough. and then also the iraqi leaders blame smugglers for this mass exodus, if you can call it that. but most of these young people said they had lost their hope there and they wanted a better life. it sounds like a sort of protest. they say we leave this region to you, to their leaders, saying if you don't do any reform we are going to leave and they take this dangerous road. many of them are aware of the danger and the risks, but in spite of that they believe they can have a better future outside iraqi kurdistan. soran qurbani, thank you very much. the taliban say women in afghanistan seeking to travel other than short distances should not be offered transport unless accompanied by a close male relative. the taliban also directed all vehicle owners to offer rides only to women wearing islamic face coverings or hijabs. activists say the taliban's interpretation of hijab is unclear and most afghan women already wear headscarves. the islamists have also asked people not to play music in their vehicles. people in more than 100 cities in the philippines are without power following typhoon rai — which ripped through the country ten days ago. disaster officials warn it may take until february to restore all electricity supplies. tens of thousands of homes were damaged and there's still a lack of food and clean water. 378 people are now known to have been killed by the typhoon, and about 60 are still missing. a man who was arrested within the grounds of windsor castle on christmas day, while in possession of a crossbow, has been detained under the mental health act. the man entered the grounds but was not able to get into any buildings due to security. the 19—year—old man from southampton was arrested on suspicion of breach or trespass of a protected site and possession of an offensive weapon. police in northern india have launched an investigation after a statue ofjesus was vandalised at the entrance of a colonial—era church. the incident in the holy redeemer church in ambala city is the latest in a series of such attacks in recent months. newspaper editorials have urged the leaders of the governing hindu—nationalist bjp to condemn hate speech and attacks on religious minorities. let's get more on this with our south asia regional editor anbarasan ethirajan in delhi. are these attacks on christians and churches in india becoming more frequent? in churches in india becoming more freruent? ,., , churches in india becoming more freruent? , ., , , frequent? in the past few years they have become — frequent? in the past few years they have become frequent. _ frequent? in the past few years they have become frequent. in _ frequent? in the past few years they have become frequent. in fact, - have become frequent. in fact, attacks on christmas day, they are unthinkable 20 years ago but since 2014 after the bjp came to power, the hindu nationalist party, christian organisations say attacks against them have doubled. we have seen prayer halls being attacked, churches that are literally being burned, and also some of the pastors are being attacked by hindu right—wing youths. this is all happening for the past few years and putting this community in fear, they fear that they are being persecuted. christians are a religious minority in india, about 2%, 13 million people, but they have remained at the sidelines when you compare them with the other biggest religious minority, muslims. they feel the attacks are increasing but the government denies that there is orchestrated campaign against the christians, but many people would complain that the police officers are not taking enough action as and when these christian places of worship are being targeted. 50. when these christian places of worship are being targeted. so, what is the governing _ worship are being targeted. so, what is the governing bjp _ worship are being targeted. so, what is the governing bjp doing _ worship are being targeted. so, what is the governing bjp doing to - is the governing bjp doing to address this problem, if anything at all? , ., ., , ., �*g all? the senior leaders of the bjp, includin: all? the senior leaders of the bjp, including the _ all? the senior leaders of the bjp, including the prime _ all? the senior leaders of the bjp, including the prime minister- including the prime minister narendra modi and i do not talk much about these incidents, whenever something big happens they talk, particularly in recent days, these incidents have not attracted any attention from the senior leaders of the bjp. it is not only about the christians. the way the hindu right—wing people have started using hate speech that shocked many people. for example, we could go in the conclave of religious leaders, hindu saints and some of the people linked to the governing bjp, they were calling for open violence against muslims. and in fact they gave interviews for television channels afterwards standing by the statement. and this was again quite unprecedented the level of hate speech against religious minorities. that's why many newspapers have been calling on the government, including the prime minister narendra modi, to come out and openly condemn these incidents. 0therwise come out and openly condemn these incidents. otherwise the level of intolerance, the level of religious hatred will start growing. shifter hatred will start growing. after that event at _ hatred will start growing. after that event at haridwar, - hatred will start growing. after that event at haridwar, what . hatred will start growing. after that event at haridwar, what was the reaction on social media?— reaction on social media? people were shocked _ reaction on social media? people were shocked and _ reaction on social media? people were shocked and appalled - reaction on social media? people were shocked and appalled by . reaction on social media? people | were shocked and appalled by the reaction on social media? people - were shocked and appalled by the way the language that was used, the hatred that was spoken by some of the right—wing vigilante groups, the members of these groups. the most striking point was how come the government was keeping quiet? it took many days for the police even took many days for the police even to launch an investigation, this was only after an outcry on social media saying india is supposed to be a secular country. here first of all the political leaders were not even coming out and condemning it, and second the authorities in this state are not even willing to take action immediately. following this outcry, following this anger and now the police have launched an investigation, though no arrests have been made so far. and investigation, though no arrests have been made so far. and barossa natara'an, have been made so far. and barossa natarajan, thank _ have been made so far. and barossa natarajan, thank you. _ have been made so far. and barossa natarajan, thank you. -- _ have been made so far. and barossa natarajan, thank you. -- anbarasan| natarajan, thank you. —— anbarasan ethirajan. the motown singer wanda young, who sang the 1961 classic please mr postman, has died at the aged of 78. # wait a minute, mr postman...# young was the lead singer of the marvelettes for several years in the 1960s, before going on to have a solo career. the marvelettes widely regarded as one of the first key female motown groups — helping to pave the way for other high—profile acts — such as the supremes and martha reeves. tributes being paid to one the young who sang the classic please mr postman. you've been watching bbc news. hello, there has been some christmas snow to bring festive excitement in a few places before parts of england, wales and northern ireland the christmas weather so far has just been about the heavy soaking rain. this is the latest weather system that has moved through bringing snow into the pennines and scottish hills today, turning increasingly light and patchy but yet again stay the lion's share of christmas lunch and has been in northern scotland. in terms of the rain it has been a very wet christmas so far, in case bridge in county down. since christmas even to the first part of boxing day, nearly 60 millimetres of rain, northolt in north—west london, half a month's worth of rain in that period, on the roads plenty of standing water and spray around. it's looking somewhat drier this evening and tonight, taking some patchy rain and hills no further north through scotland. as the wind sees there will be plenty of low cloud, mist and fog developing and rain developing in the far south—west later. for many places temperature staying above freezing but hints of blue in northern england and scotland, especially when you have snow on the ground and frost. into tomorrow, here comes another spell of rain across south—west england and wales. pushing further north through england but tending to turn a light as it does so. butjust scotland and northern ireland will stay dry, a few sunny spells around, but a cloudy day in the northern and western isles with outbreaks of rain and showers. the easiest and mildest to the south. as we go on through the evening there will be another speu the evening there will be another spell of heavy downpours running along southernmost counties of england, with those brisk winds. by tuesday, another area of low pressure looks to be racing in from the atlantic bringing some rain to northern ireland, southern scotland, northern england, north wales and the midlands where we will see the heaviest rain. as backley is through the southern flank we will see the strongest winds in parts of wales and southern england, gusting up to 40-50 and southern england, gusting up to 40—50 mph or so and we will see the highest temperatures in the south around 12 or 13 degrees. the mild air will become much more widespread from mid week. we will see this weather front moving northwards on wednesday, that's going to come with rain and some snow into the highlands but it does open the door to this much milder air heading from a long way to the south and south—west of the uk, lifting temperatures well above average for the time of year. as we see out the year and start a new one, yes it will be wet and windy at times. but temperatures by day and night well above average. this is bbc news. the headlines... tributes pour in for archbisop desmond tutu — nobel laureate and veteran of south africa's struggle against apartheid — who has died at the age of 90. he was one of the greatest people i've ever met. he and nelson mandela are the two leaders who ended apartheid. but you know that he was a teacher, he was a moral leader, he was a campaigner. the bodies of 16 iraqi kurds who drowned when their inflatable boat sank last month in the channel while trying to reach the uk have been returned to northern iraq. new coronavirus restrictions come into force in scotland, wales and northern ireland to try to limit the spread of the 0micron variant. now on bbc news, it's time for sportsday. hello, i'm 0lly foster. here's what's coming up on sportsday...