the mistreatment of people at an immigration removal centre at gatwick airport is the subject of a public inquiry which opened today. it comes after bbc panorama broadcast undercover footage in 2017 showing assaults, humiliation and verbal abuse of detainees by officers at brook house in sussex. this report from our home affairs correspondent tom symonds contains distressing images from the start. brooke house were ex— prisoners and asylum seekers are held before they are deported. in 2017, a custody officer... went undercoverfor 2017, a custody officer... went undercover for the bbc�*s app panorama, filming incidents like this, a suicidal man put in a joking neck hold. and more. including verbal abuse by staff and detainees suffering mental health breakdowns. still a concern even last year. according to this former detainee who we have agreed not to name. i detainee who we have agreed not to name. ., , , to name. i would hurt myself because i— to name. i would hurt myself because i was _ to name. i would hurt myself because i was stuck - to name. i would hurt myself because i was stuck in - to name. i would hurt myself because i was stuck in there, to name. i would hurt myself. because i was stuck in there, i don't know when i was coming out, and plus i was sick, i was sick in my head. when i came out, took me one year to recover. out, took me one year to recover-— out, took me one year to recover. �* �* , ., ., recover. the bbc investigation has finally _ recover. the bbc investigation has finally led _ recover. the bbc investigation has finally led to _ recover. the bbc investigation has finally led to a _ recover. the bbc investigation has finally led to a public- has finally led to a public enquiry which opened today. the treatment enquiry which opened today. tue: treatment revealed enquiry which opened today. tte: treatment revealed in the panorama documentary was shocking and has no place in a decent and humane immigration detention system. in decent and humane immigration detention system.— detention system. in charge, the senior— detention system. in charge, the senior prisons _ detention system. in charge, the senior prisons expect - detention system. in charge, l the senior prisons expect kate eves. she will investigate the way the private firm ran this place, the way the home office oversaw its work and what has happened since the bbc investigation. so what is it like inside brooke house right now? well, it is not a prison. they do have phones, have access to skype. i have been talking to a series of detained people inside brooke house over the last week. translation: some like this man is running with what seemed like an indefinite wait for their cases to be decided. another detainee just want them to remove him from britain. from brooke house. how many do you think are actually happy to leave the uk right now? maybe 20. 20 people out of 70 would leave? yes. maybe more.— yes. maybe more. wider questions _ yes. maybe more. wider questions about - yes. maybe more. wider- questions about immigration are beyond the remit of the enquiry, but the man who blew the whistle because of his concerns, now a bbcjournalist, believes it must succeed. t concerns, now a bbcjournalist, believes it must succeed.- believes it must succeed. i was workin: believes it must succeed. i was working at _ believes it must succeed. i was working at brooke _ believes it must succeed. i was working at brooke house - believes it must succeed. i was working at brooke house for i working at brooke house for three years and some of the abusive members of staff left only to be replaced by others, and that is because there is a problem with the system and i hope that the enquiry rings about some changes to that system. about some changes to that s stem. , , system. the enquiry will begin datin: system. the enquiry will begin dating evidence _ system. the enquiry will begin dating evidence later - system. the enquiry will begin dating evidence later this - dating evidence later this week. tom symonds, bbc news. now on bbc news, our world: canada's missing children. this film contains scenes which some viewers may find upsetting. in may this year, the unmarked graves of 215 children were found on the grounds of an old indian residential school. who were these children? those were our relatives. the school was for indigenous children. it was one of hundreds that had been run by the church and government in canada. for years, they had been at the centre of child abuse allegations. the sisters were shocked when these allegations started to come out. survivors are now asking the church and the government for records from the schools to find out about those who died. we always wanted to remind people, like the holocaust, that this is history, this actually happened. but some believe the truth is being hidden. the church never imagined that someone would question their authority or ask to see those documents. since the discovery of the graves, churches were burned down and vigils for the missing children have been held across the country. i grew up in canada, and i've returned to try and understand what really happened to the children of the indian residential schools. the 215 unmarked graves were found in kamloops, british columbia. since may, more than a thousand graves have been found on other school grounds across canada. the un has called for a full investigations. until now, many canadians were unaware of the indian residential schools. they were set up in the 1870s for the children of canada's first nation people. the schools were anglican and government run. but the majority, 70%, were catholic. they operated up until 1997. parents were forced to send their children to the schools. if they didn't, they could face prison. there's a truck that came with a whole bunch of kids in the back, and the driver seen me running in the field, and he picked me up and threw me in the back of the truck and brought me along. norman was seven years old when he was taken to kamloops in 1952. it was real scary for me. we were babies. i didn't start until i was seven, in 1962, and i was very tiny and i was very shy, and it was — it was very intimidating. my brother taught me how to read and write and fight. he said, "those are things you need to know before you go to school." so i was looking forward to it — l being away from home, away from the res. - we walked inside the school, went up the stairs. _ my sisters went one way, - my brothers went another way and i went another way, and that's the last time i we'd actually be together. more than 150,000 children went to the schools. their goal was simple — to "remove the indian from the child". it was a social experiment, an industrial indoctrination of the entire indigenous population. nobody knows who norman retasket is. theyjust gave me a number. my number was 16. if you didn't do things right, these nuns would be walking behind you, you'd be clunked on the head with the rulers. kamloops indian residential school was run by an order of priests called the oblates of mary immaculate, and taught by nuns called the sisters of st anne. today, there are only 21 sisters still alive. sister marie zarowny is the president of their order in british columbia. we were there to help the children, we never thought that they would lose their connections with their own culture and their own roots. but wasn't one of the goals to take the indian out of the child? well, we've, i mean, learned that in retrospect. that was not a goal that any of our sisters read or was told. there was brainwashing, that if you practised your traditional language and your cultural ways, that you would go to hell. and that you would burn in hell. many of the children suffered physical and sexual abuse. this side is where all the boys were, and there were three, four levels of dorm rooms. i lived on the second and third. and we're talking about the abuses — a lot of it happened right there. for the longest of times, i only could remember three times that i was sexually abused. and over the years, able to remember up to 15. my dad found out that i'd been abused. i was sexually abused at nine years old. the priest that abused me, i he was transferred out here, and that happened a lot. the sisters taught at four of british columbia's indian residential schools. in every school, either priests or laymen have been convicted of multiple charges of child sex abuse. it was as much of a shock to the sisters as to anyone when they realised that some men they had served with had been abusive to some of the children. if the sisters of st anne were working side—by—side with the oblates, working for the oblates in the same building, surely there must have been some crossover at some point? we had no idea that was happening. and people can say, why not? well, because we lived separate lives. we had a girls' dormitory, boys' dormitory, sisters' convent, the priests were over here. you know, it was quite separate. don worme is one of canada's most influential lawyers. he's spent 30 years fighting for justice for many of the survivors of the indian residential schools. in law, there is a principal called wilful blindness, and it is where one deliberately turns their eyes away from what they do not want to see. i suspect that that might well account for some of the amnesia that the sisters of st anne profess today. but to say that they would be unaware of those kinds of abuses, it is beyond credible. we heard from well over 7,000 individuals who have told horrific stories of abuse. in 2006, the canadian government agreed to compensate everyone that had been sent to the residential schools. victims of physical or sexual abuse were offered an additional payout, but they had to testify to be eligible. 38,000 came forward. for many, this meant speaking about their abuse for the first time. when i first came out, i shook my head and said, never. there is no way... that i am going to share with anybody what happened to me here. it took me a long time to make the decision that i'm gonna go before the commission or follow through on the process and you declare that you were sexually abused. did the hearing and was eventually given a settlement. the wife says, "your cheque came in." i told her, "i don't want to see it. "i don't even want to touch it. so go deposit it." in 2008, a truth and reconciliation commission was formed. those involved in running the schools were asked to hand over all documents relating to the children. let's keep in mind that these were run primarily as a business. and in running any business, you keep meticulous records. they have records of students' attendances. how else did they get paid? in 2015, the truth and reconciliation commission published a damning report using testimony from the survivors. it was called missing children and unmarked burials. it alleged that 3,200 children never came home from school. one boy that they found hanging, it's like, one of them things ijust blocked out. one of the times was an individual sharing with me, about finding that young guy hanging in this building here. so, yeah. people need to know the kinds of abuses i that were sustained i by innocent children, including abuse - that led to their death. there were social experiments carried out, _ there were nutritional. experiments carried out, which deliberately starved children _ there were electric chairs, there were children kicked down stairsl who subsequently disappeared from residential school. - i always knew that the children were there. i knew from when i was a child that the children were there. today, the former kamloops school is the administrative centre for the secwepemc people. as a community elder, diena works in the museum there. she decided to investigate the claims of the missing children. i said, well, we need to confirm what our oral history says, what our ancestors have said, that there are children who died here and never made it home. diena and her colleagues hired forensic anthropologist dr sarah beaulieau to look into the site of the alleged graves in the school grounds. within a typical, traditional cemetery context, we are looking for burials that are about six feet beneath the surface. within a clandestine context, it is always different, and with children particularly, the graves are always more shallow. what was interesting is that they were still within an east—west configuration, which is typical of a traditional cemetery or a christian context. using ground—penetrating radar, she found 215 unmarked graves. the discovery sent shockwaves across canada and made headlines worldwide. survivors hope that the documents handed over to the truth and reconciliation commission in 2008 could help identify who was in the graves. the churches who operated residential schools agreed, and it was a court order, to provide all relevant records so that the true story of indian residential schools in canada could be written. i can tell you that they failed massively in that challenge. i cannot say that we did not receive documents totally. they did it by way of a document dump. and by that, i mean, when you provide thousands upon thousands of documents that do not have the finding aids, that do not have the codes, that do not make them otherwise relevant and useful to you, they are not useful. the boxes that were handed over in 2008 by many of the sisters and priests were criticised as being document dumps, with no categorisation or organisation, meaning they could take years to sift through. we sent four boxes. that's not a real document dump. what we did was hand them over in the way that the truth and reconciliation commission asked us to hand them over. and so it might be called a document dump, but it was — we weren't asked to categorise anything, we were following the format that they gave us. rob talach has filed over 425 lawsuits against catholic institutions all over canada. he is trying to access documents for child sex abuse cases that he is working on, concerning the same order of priests that taught at kamloops. he is meeting genevieve webber, the head archivist at the royal british columbia museum, which houses the provincial archives for both the priests and the sisters. this is not an organisation that is openly transparent. and when it comes to information that goes to the kryptonite of the catholic church, which is scandal, especially sexual scandal, they will be very protective of their own. the records specifically of the oblates of mary immaculate are still being processed. they don't have any order or organisation placed on them yet. there is a huge amount of material here. the acquisition from the oblates numbered over 340 boxes. there is a huge amount of material here. the acquisition from the oblates numbered over 340 boxes. so how long do you think your archivists took to just go through this one box? it takes weeks, for sure. weeks per box. and then each of these boxes, it takes a full week to digitise a box. so when i hear that it may take years to sort through these documents, what that says to me is disclosure dump, or document dump. so that is suggestive of a continued cover—up, of deception, of really not trying to help the system or the process but to inhibit it. the personnel files have a restriction on them, so we are not able to make those accessible at the moment. the restriction is that they remain closed until 50 years after the death of the person represented in the file. so those records are not being digitised at the moment. the normal length of time for confidentiality of the personnel files for canadians is 20 years after death. the 50—year restriction on accessing the personnel is protecting the wrong people. so you know, i do the math about the 50—year restriction. if someone is abused at 10, and their perpetrator dies five years later, that survivor, that victim of abuse, can't even look at the file of his perpetrator until he himself is 65 years of age. it makes most of this archival material on the people that ran the schools completely useless to anyone who is talking and walking. so now i will take you to where the sisters of st anne archives are located, which is inside our building, but in a separate office space. in this space here is where the sisters of st anne archives are based, but it is a private institution, they see researchers on an appointment basis, through their archivist who is not an employee of the bc archives. so this vault or this archive is restricted, you are not allowed to freely walk in and do work in here? no, it is a different organisation. i can't go in and access their material without a staff person helping me. the deal with the museum was that they would house the collection rent—free until the sisters' archivist retires in 2027, at which point ownership of the collection passes to the museum. i asked sister marie what their collection is comprised of. we came in 1858, we established among the first schools in the province, and hospitals. residential schools is 1% of our total archive. the residential school experience for the catholic church in western canada was a huge undertaking that spanned over a century. so to say 1%, one out of 100, sounds suspiciously low to me. i cannot possibly attach any sort of credibility. to that. they are playing a game i of legalese, and avoidance and obfuscation. and we do not accept that. they were paid for those children. they will have accurate records, because they needed the records, the church needed the records to show the government, that's who paid them, that they had these students here. after the graves were found, the sisters agreed to hand over their archives in 2025. but the museum is moving to a new location, and all their archives are set to be put into storage for the next few years. i think the combination of the delay in getting to the documents, and the rapid ageing of those participants that are still alive, is making the possibility of individual justice here evaporating like the morning mist. when the story of the graves first came to light, prime ministerjustin trudeau made an appeal to the pope. i directly asked his holiness, pope francis, to move forward on apologising, on asking for forgiveness, and restitution, on making these records available, and we are still seeing resistance from the church, possibly from the church in canada. but he didn't acknowledge that his own government had not handed over all of their relevant records to the truth and reconciliation commission, including statements from over 38,000 abuse survivors. when the victims of abuse made their statements to the government, the churches that ran the schools were asked to take part in the process. we entered into the whole agreement on condition that this would not be made public, because we didn't, we were not there to defend ourselves or to bring a different story forward, or to, whatever. now the first nations didn't want them to be made public because it is retraumatising. and they say this is to protect the privacy of the survivors, this is for their own good — and when i hear language like that, it is the same paternalistic and colonial outlook of "we, the great white father, know what's good for these peoples". it's the same outlook that got us here in the first place. on 19 september, 2027, the government is set to destroy much of the testimony from abuse survivors. potential evidence that could give information about the missing children, and perpetrators of abuse will be lost, erased from canada's history. by 2027, all of those records will be destroyed unless there is some intervention. the records were maintained by canada. there is nowjudicial authority for those records to be destroyed. in what civilised country are historical records destroyed? with judicial authority? singing in own language. no compensation will ever be paid for the damage that has been done. but at least the story is told. so that it will help others. i never mentioned it to anybody for 65 years, until the 215 kids were found. then it gave me, like, permission to tell my story. soon after the discovery of the 215, we came down the highway, and there was a lineup to get in here. hundreds of cars. people standing on the side of the road. i cried, we cried. we said, "oh my god". never before have i ever experienced something that huge. so overwhelming that people just wanted to be with you. singing in own language. hello there. later this week, not only is there potential for some more disruptive weather heading our way, but something much colder, as well. wednesday starts off on a chilly note with a bit of frost in places, but some mist and dense fog patches possible across parts of england and wales — the winds have been lightest through the night. a bit more of a breeze through scotland and northern ireland to get under way, and some wet weather for the morning rush hour — this weather front here, a cold front, will bring the first run of colder air further and further southwards as we go through the next 2a hours. in the southern half of the country, a bit of a chill, temperatures not rising much — we still have light winds and a relatively quiet day, lots of mist and fog around. the morning rain, though, across scotland and northern ireland is replaced by sunshine and scattered showers, some heavy with hail, turning wintry in the far north of scotland, particularly on the hills. but turning wetter later on, northwest england, north and west wales as that cold front slowly makes its way southwards and eastwards. a little bit of patchy rain and drizzle to the south and east, we'll see some wetter conditions here through wednesday night. at the same time, very windy through wednesday night into thursday, and the far north of scotland seeing gusts of wind 50—60 mph — and that'll bring colder air, a very cold thursday morning commute, but a bright, crisp one for many — really good visibility, sunshine for the most part. some showers around the western and eastern coasts, but most of the showers will be in the north of scotland, where snow could even come down to sea level later, and an added wind—chill to go with what will be a cool day. and then things turn much more disturbed — through thursday into friday, particularly friday night and saturday, this area of low pressure transferring its way southwards. cold air wrapped around it, which means a greater chance of things turning to snow for some, but it's the winds which could be the key feature. even on friday, the winds really starting to pick up — outbreaks of rain initially pushing southwards and eastwards, but the showers that follow in its wake will turn increasingly wintry — over the hills for many, but even to lower levels in the northern half of scotland, and it will be a cold day. but through friday night into saturday, as our low pressure transfers its way southwards, we could see gales, if not severe gales develop along that weather system, working its way south and, as i said, there could be a bit of snow mixed in, too. and that will take us into saturday, as well. now those strong winds could be a problem in some parts, we could see damaging gusts of wind, some travel disruption around to take us into the weekend. even if you don't see those damaging winds — widespread gales and, as i said, that risk of rain and snow, too. see you soon. this is bbc news. our top stories: 100 days of the taliban — and afghanistan's humanitarian misery deepens by the day. we have a special report. the 50 million barrel gamble — joe biden releases huge reserves of us oil as he seeks to bring down soaring energy and gasoline prices. so today, i'm announcing that the largest ever release from the us strategic petroleum reserve to help provide a supply we need as we recover from this pandemic. the man accused of driving a car into a christmas parade in wisconsin — killing six — appears in court to face murder charges. and a one—yearjourney covering seven million miles. nasa launches a spacecraft on a test mission to save the earth and destroy itself.

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