guns fire music: last post last post sounded by the buglers of the royal marines. and now the first of the wreaths. this one laid on behalf of the queen and he lays his own wreath with the prince of wales feathers in on it. —— in white on it. the duke of cambridge comes forward. in the uniform of the royal air force. the earl of wessex, royal honorary colonel of the royal wessex yeomanry, an armoured reserve regiment. the princess royal. the uniform of an admiral chief commandant for women in the royal navy. captain james calder smith lays captainjames calder smith lays a wreath as equerry to the duke of kent watching from the balcony above. princess alexandra on the right with the duke of kent. parade... stand at ease. stand easy! and now the politicians will lay their wreaths. and now the politicians will lay theirwreaths. boris and now the politicians will lay their wreaths. borisjohnson leading as prime minister. he will be followed by keir starmer as leader of the labour party. sir keir starmerfor the sir keir starmer for the labour party. sir keir starmerfor the labour party. and the band plays during this beethoven's funeral march. ian blackford, on behalf of the snp and plaid cymru. that's where we're going to leave our coverage of events at the cenotaph in london — but if you're in the uk you can carry on watching by switching to bbc one. as we've been hearing, on sunday morning buckingham palace confirmed that the queen would not attend today's remembrance day service at the cenotaph. the announcement was made public at a quarter past nine here in the uk — just over an hour before the event started to get under way. the palace said the queen has sprained her back, and took the decision with great regret this morning. our royal correspondentjonny dymond is at the cenotaph. it's what one palace official describes as incredibly unfortunate timing, and that is bad timing on two fronts. primarily because it is remembrance sunday, it is a national service of remembrance here in the uk. it's the most important day in the royal calendar, the day when the royal family in general, and the queen in particular, pays tribute to those who laid down their lives for their country. but there is a second piece of bad timing, which is that the queen had effectively taken two weeks off from official engagements. a fortnight ago it was announced that she'd no longer be doing any external engagements. instead she'd be resting at windsor. and that was specifically so that she could be here in central london at this most important day for her, at remembrance sunday, and attend this service. and when that announcement was made two weeks ago, the palace said it was herfirm intention to be here. in the statement they spoke of the queen's deep regret that she wouldn't be here, and her disappointment. so as that official said, incredibly unfortunate timing, that this accident, this back sprain should come just at the end of the period that she was resting, just as she hoped to make a public appearance at this remembrance sunday event here in central london. world leaders have struck a landmark climate change deal aimed at reducing global warming, after two weeks of intense negotiations. the glasgow climate pact is the most significant of its kind since 2015 — but many experts argue that the pledges don't go far enough to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees celsius. let's go to glasgow and annita mcveigh is there. welcome back to glasgow, where we saw a dramatic end to cop26. the cop president alok sharma had been trying throughout the day to move these two weeks are really intense negotiations to a conclusion. he had asked countries not to leverage the final moments. don't ask he said what more can i see, but rather does it provide enough for all of us. but then even as some smaller vulnerable country said the deal wasn't perfect but they would sign up to it rather than leave glasgow with nothing, india backed by china made that intervention on coal which led to an 11th hour change to the wording of the deal. it stuck to our science and environment correspondent victoria gill who has been with me at cop26. that wording at coal changed from phasing out coal to phasing down, what is the difference?— phasing down, what is the difference? ~ . ., ~ . difference? we have talked much about language. _ difference? we have talked much about language, the _ difference? we have talked much about language, the scrutiny - difference? we have talked much about language, the scrutiny of. about language, the scrutiny of every _ about language, the scrutiny of every single line of that pact that has to— every single line of that pact that has to be — every single line of that pact that has to be agreed by every single nation _ has to be agreed by every single nation that is here, that is equal part of— nation that is here, that is equal part of this — nation that is here, that is equal part of this process. critically it is about— part of this process. critically it is about those countries that still developing, very reliant on fossil fuels, _ developing, very reliant on fossil fuels, coal— developing, very reliant on fossil fuels, coal in particular, very cheap— fuels, coal in particular, very cheap energy if you think of the enemy— cheap energy if you think of the enemy economic cost but the cost is huge. _ enemy economic cost but the cost is huge. this_ enemy economic cost but the cost is huge. this is— enemy economic cost but the cost is huge, this is the stuff of climate changa — huge, this is the stuff of climate change. the presidency have wanted to see, _ change. the presidency have wanted to see, the _ change. the presidency have wanted to see, the uk would have wanted to see that _ to see, the uk would have wanted to see that this pact called the end of days of— see that this pact called the end of days of the era of coal but this phase — days of the era of coal but this phase down rather than phase—out provides— phase down rather than phase—out provides the wriggle room to say ok, we are _ provides the wriggle room to say ok, we are going to work towards that, start looking to shift our economy away _ start looking to shift our economy away from — start looking to shift our economy away from coal, but we are not naming — away from coal, but we are not naming the end point. i guess it gets— naming the end point. i guess it gets us— naming the end point. i guess it gets us on— naming the end point. i guess it gets us on a different target. interestingly the guest i was talking to just an hour ago was saying all this focus on india and china and coal is rather letting other pretty developed economies off the hook. see argued because of their use of oil. to what extent does oil as a fossil fuel contribute to global warming? the does oil as a fossil fuel contribute to global warming?— does oil as a fossil fuel contribute to global warming? to globalwarming? the big picture as it is fossil _ to globalwarming? the big picture as it is fossil fuels _ to globalwarming? the big picture as it is fossil fuels are _ to globalwarming? the big picture as it is fossil fuels are the - to globalwarming? the big picture as it is fossil fuels are the stuff - as it is fossil fuels are the stuff of greenhouse gas emissions. this is a historic— of greenhouse gas emissions. this is a historic pact for the reason that it names — a historic pact for the reason that it names those fossil fuels for the first time, — it names those fossil fuels for the first time, almost unbelievable we had no _ first time, almost unbelievable we had no mention of fossil fuels in the paris — had no mention of fossil fuels in the paris agreement. this is the first of— the paris agreement. this is the first of these cop agreements to actually— first of these cop agreements to actually say fossil fuels and start calling _ actually say fossil fuels and start calling to — actually say fossil fuels and start calling to move economies away from those _ calling to move economies away from those that _ calling to move economies away from those. that is a very good point in terms _ those. that is a very good point in terms of— those. that is a very good point in terms of how we get together as a globe _ terms of how we get together as a globe to— terms of how we get together as a globe tojustly adapt terms of how we get together as a globe to justly adapt and move economies forward because we are not 'ust economies forward because we are not just looking _ economies forward because we are not just looking at emissions now, what we are _ just looking at emissions now, what we are dealing with in terms of how the planet— we are dealing with in terms of how the planet has responded is historic emissions — the planet has responded is historic emissions. we in the west developed nations, _ emissions. we in the west developed nations, we _ emissions. we in the west developed nations, we invented the industrial revolution, — nations, we invented the industrial revolution, we got rich on coal, so those _ revolution, we got rich on coal, so those developing nations looking to build their economies are looking to id build their economies are looking to go on _ build their economies are looking to go on that— build their economies are looking to go on that same trajectory towards prosperity— go on that same trajectory towards prosperity and it is about paving the way — prosperity and it is about paving the wayjustly through this process that is— the wayjustly through this process that is so— the wayjustly through this process that is so complicated and so slow to put _ that is so complicated and so slow to put those countries on track to help this — to put those countries on track to help this country is on track so that— help this country is on track so that we — help this country is on track so that we can deal with this in a cleaher— that we can deal with this in a cleaner and more sustainable way but it is painfully slow. how cleaner and more sustainable way but it is painfully slow.— it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there _ it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there is _ it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there is a _ it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there is a new _ it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there is a new plan - it is painfully slow. how important, is it that there is a new plan for - is it that there is a new plan for countries to come back annually and report how the climate action plans are progressing? how much real pressure will that put on to achieve that aim of putting a cap on global warming? that aim of putting a cap on global warmin: ? ., , ~ , that aim of putting a cap on global warmin? . ,~' , , , that aim of putting a cap on global warminu? . ,~' , , , . that aim of putting a cap on global warmin? ., , , , ., , warming? that is key because that is about accelerating _ warming? that is key because that is about accelerating this _ warming? that is key because that is about accelerating this process. - warming? that is key because that is about accelerating this process. the | about accelerating this process. the planet _ about accelerating this process. the planet only — about accelerating this process. the planet only response to emissions, not promises. what we were looking for here _ not promises. what we were looking for here was— not promises. what we were looking for here was a road map, plan, these pledges _ for here was a road map, plan, these pledges to— for here was a road map, plan, these pledges to say what are we going to start doing now? show us the cards on the _ start doing now? show us the cards on the table how we're going to get out of— on the table how we're going to get out of this— on the table how we're going to get out of this and start cutting emissions which need to be cut in half by— emissions which need to be cut in half by the — emissions which need to be cut in half by the end this decade. that comeback— half by the end this decade. that comeback next year and be more ambitious — comeback next year and be more ambitious and show how you will cut emissions _ ambitious and show how you will cut emissions in — ambitious and show how you will cut emissions in one year rather than fight, _ emissions in one year rather than fight, that— emissions in one year rather than fight, that accelerates the process but even _ fight, that accelerates the process but even they are there is some language — but even they are there is some language giving countries wriggle room. _ language giving countries wriggle room. it— language giving countries wriggle room, it took support different national— room, it took support different national circumstances and that is being _ national circumstances and that is being seen— national circumstances and that is being seen by some asjust too much wriggle _ being seen by some asjust too much wriggle room to be able to not come back next _ wriggle room to be able to not come back next year. wriggle room to be able to not come back next year-— back next year. thank you. ireland's climate minister _ back next year. thank you. ireland's climate minister yesterday - back next year. thank you. ireland's climate minister yesterday said - back next year. thank you. ireland's climate minister yesterday said you | climate minister yesterday said you can't negotiate with para change but clearly what we did see going on in the conference hall in glasgow over the conference hall in glasgow over the last couple of days especially as we approach the end of the negotiations, we saw political negotiations, we saw political negotiations definitely going on between the countries. alok sharma the cop26 president was asked about the last minute intervention by india and china which resulted in the watering down of the agreement on coalfrom phasing "out" to phasing "down" use. my myjob was to build consensus. the reason that even though this happened in this manner and of course i apologise for the fact that it wasn't as transparent as the rest of this process has been, but at the end of the date the reason we were able to get us over the line is because over two years my team and i have built trust among countries around the world. to have built trust among countries around the world.— have built trust among countries around the world. to date look you in the e e around the world. to date look you in the eye and _ around the world. to date look you in the eye and say _ around the world. to date look you in the eye and say sorry, _ around the world. to date look you in the eye and say sorry, we - around the world. to date look you in the eye and say sorry, we can't i in the eye and say sorry, we can't do this? , do this? over the past weeks obviously _ do this? over the past weeks obviously certain _ do this? over the past weeks obviously certain countries i do this? over the past weeks | obviously certain countries did do this? over the past weeks - obviously certain countries did not want to have cult language in this compact, but at the end of the day this is the first time ever we have got language about coal in a cop decision. i think that is historic, but at the end of the day china and india will have to explain themselves, to the most climate honourable countries in the world. you saw the reaction of the climate honourable countries that change. the un's chief climate negotiator patricia espinosa was also asked about the decision in the final agreement to water down that commitment. it is true and i would like to underline that the huge step forward in our negotiation was the fact that for the first time in this context we mentioned coal and fossilfuels. before it had not been possible. because there are so many different realities, we have to be very conscious that there are millions of people also that depend on fossil fuels industry and in terms of goal there are many people, especially vulnerable and poor people, that also depend on that as a source of energy. so it is really a very difficult issue. on the one hand we have clarity but that is a very big source of emissions and we need to get rid of that. on the other hand we need to also balance out the social concept, for so many people around the world, especially poor countries. i'm joined now by chaitanya kumar, head of environment at the new economics foundation think tank. let's talk about loss and damage, we heard a lot about out over the last couple of days in glasgow, essentially money to help those countries most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, deal with what has already happened. that has been pushed, hasn't it, into another talks process. is there enough here going forward from glasgow to make a real difference? i going forward from glasgow to make a real difference?— real difference? i think it was uuite real difference? i think it was quite interesting _ real difference? i think it was quite interesting to _ real difference? i think it was quite interesting to see - real difference? i think it was quite interesting to see how. real difference? i think it was| quite interesting to see how it real difference? i think it was - quite interesting to see how it has become quite a contentious issue, only the last couple of days of negotiations. bubbled up in the service as key negotiating agenda. but let's be honest, they have been debating loss and damage for several years now and honourable countries, and admissions have been asking for climate preparations, loss and damage for quite while. to just be left with a promise of further dialogue on this issue when what we should have been seeing is actual cash on the table for these countries is a bit disappointing, to be honest. but that was the outcome. we will see a lot more next year and is change intensifies and severe, the need for loss and damage and reparations will be getting far bigger. it reparations will be getting far bi cer. , reparations will be getting far bi cer. . , reparations will be getting far bi cer. , . ., reparations will be getting far bi cer. , , ., . bigger. it is interesting to reflect how we saw _ bigger. it is interesting to reflect how we saw really _ bigger. it is interesting to reflect how we saw really climate - bigger. it is interesting to reflect i how we saw really climate change, vulnerable countries like to believe, the marshall islands and so on, sign up to this deal, they said it wasn't perfect but they said it was important not to go away from glasgow without something signed off yet towards the end that pretty last—minute intervention, india and china changing the text leading to a change in the text on dealing with coal from change in the text on dealing with coalfrom phasing out to change in the text on dealing with coal from phasing out to facing down, was a real example of the inequalities at an event like this where you have the big geopolitical muscle exerting pressure? i where you have the big geopolitical muscle exerting pressure?- where you have the big geopolitical muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting _ muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting we _ muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting we have _ muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting we have seen - muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting we have seen so - muscle exerting pressure? i think in the reporting we have seen so far, l the reporting we have seen so far, the reporting we have seen so far, the missing piece has been on finance. if you remember when you walk into negotiations a couple of weeks ago, finance was the big thing, the fact that $100 billion they developed nations had made, we still haven't seen that commitment being made on the proms will still not met and have started up negotiations with the case of mistrust. we still haven't seen that amount committed to fully. yes, 23, 24 amount committed to fully. yes, 23, 2a is when we will see 100 billion dollars level reached but with climate change getting more severe we should be seeing a lot more of climate finance. without that finance being adjacent to requests for cutting carbon i am not surprised india and china have come up surprised india and china have come up with this last—minute change in the negotiation text because they suddenly saw that as developed nations closing in and saying this is how you phase out coal very quickly while oil and gas are still talking just about inefficient subsidies as opposed to phasing out fossil fuels like subsidies as opposed to phasing out fossilfuels like oil and subsidies as opposed to phasing out fossil fuels like oil and gas. subsidies as opposed to phasing out fossilfuels like oil and gas. there is a bit of yes, you're right, geopolitical muscle being applied, notjust by india and china but by us and the eu and the uk have basically shifted the tone and language around fossil fuels and toned it down a bit, leaving the language on cocoa significantly. thank you. it is hard tojudge at close quarters the legacy of cup 36 will be. the deal that was struck yesterday is all in the eye of the beholder and a bit of political spin as well depending on which country you are talking to but in terms of the legacy that is going to take some time to really see if it has made a real difference. there is that process in place now for countries to come back on an annual basis and update and report on the climate action plans, so that is really i think where the world will be looking to to see if this summit is making a real difference in terms of transparency and accountability and how we measure what countries are doing. back to you, victoria. the uk home secretary, priti patel, will hold talks this week with her french counterpart to discuss aain the numbers of people crossing the channel. it comes after the number of migrants arriving in the uk in small boats from france hit a new peak for a single day. over a thousand people crossed the channel on thursday. here's our reporter simon jones. this is a shared problem that requires shared solutions. pretty patelin requires shared solutions. pretty patel in a statement this morning has said britain and france are already working very closely together to try to stop boats lunching from beaches in northern france and trying to tackle the people smugglers organising the crossings but she says the two countries need to go further and faster. it is not entirely clear what she means by this, whether there will be any new solutions proposed, new ideas but on the table and this meeting takes place later this week but i think it is fair to say over the past few days there has been a bit of a war of words between britain and france after 1185 migrants reach the uk on 33 boats on thursday. he had the prime minster borisjohnson thursday. he had the prime minster boris johnson saying thursday. he had the prime minster borisjohnson saying france needed to police their beaches and some suggestion there was a reluctance on the part of france to do this. you had france hitting back at saint they are working day and night to try to stop the crossings to try to prevent lives being lost. as time priti patel met them back in london in september it is fair to say the meeting didn't go auto because britain had just promised france £54 million to to stop the crossings, increase patrols on beaches in france but britain said the money was dependent upon results, said that close is new to us and you had them accusing printing of financial black male with all the time you have this war of words taking place, these crossings can soon use in record numbers of people are losing their lives. poland's border guards have said that migrants on the belurusian border have thrown stones at police. over 400 people have tried to force their way across the border in the last two days. poland's interior ministry has warned that a false rumour has been spread that german coaches are being laid on for migrants sparking some people to storm the border. the european union accuses belarus of engineering the surge of migrants in retaliation for sanctions against it. belarus denies this. the international best—selling author wilbur smith has died at his home in cape town at the age of 88. ina career spanning more than 60 years, he sold 140 million copies of his 49 novels which include when the lion feeds and the triumph of the sun. in an interview with bbc breakfast in 2013 he said his work was inspired by his south african upbringing. i never left africa until i was 30 years of age. and it's in my blood. i know the peoples, i know the animals and i know the terrain so they always that always comes into my books. remembrance day services are ongoing. the cenotaph in london the focus of many commemorations and the breaking news this morning is the queen who was expected to attend unfortunately wasn't able to go along after all, as buckingham palace announced that she had sprained her back. you're watching bbc news. hello. some of you will head into the afternoon with some sunshine. for a few, it's still a bit cloudy, further patchy rain or drizzle through the second half of the day, particularly across some parts of the far south—east of england. maybe drizzly around some western coasts of england and wales too with extensive low cloud, but some of the wettest conditions mainly confined to the highlands and islands of scotland. as a weather front approaches, the breeze picks up, but here and northern ireland, some of the mildest conditions, 13 to 15 degrees. most places around 11 to 13 celsius. still a degree or two higher than the average for this stage in november. mild enough night to come tonight, but rain at times across scotland and northern ireland. there will be the odd spot of drizzle for england and wales, most places though will stay dry. greater chance of mist and fog and a slightly cooler morning for tomorrow morning's commute compared to the temperatures we have had the past few mornings, but the mist and fog will gradually clear. it will turn wetter in parts of northern england, north and west wales through the day. heaviest bursts of rain on the cumbrian fells and snowdonia but for scotland and northern ireland, early rain in the south and east but overall, a much brighter day tomorrow with plenty of sunshine. hello, this is bbc news with victoria derbyshire. here are the headlines at 11.30: the nation falls silent as it remembers those who died in past conflicts. services were held across the country and at the cenotaph in central london. but the queen did not attend with other members of the royal family — buckingham palace said she had a sprained back and was disappointed to miss the event. a new global climate deal is struck in glasgow but pledges still aren't enough to limit warming to 1.5c. but a previous commitment to phase out coal is watered down at the last minute by india and china. now on bbc news, it's spotlight: escape from kabul. the story of an interpreter�*s family who fled afghanistan and are settling in ireland. just to let you know, some of the footage and details in the programme are upsetting.