thank you colombia for your intervention. give the floor thank you colombia for your intervention. give the floor to trinidad and tobago.- trinidad and tobago. trinidad and tobago — trinidad and tobago. trinidad and tobago associates - trinidad and tobago. trinidad and tobago associates itselfl and tobago associates itself with the statements. we welcome the work that was done by the presidency and his team to shepherd us to this point. mr president, while we also can express disappointment at the outcomes, we also see a package that represents balance, as was said by many other distinguished speakers before me. this outcome is one we are prepared to accept. we have, all of us have expended a significant amount of political capital to be here for the last two weeks in the midst of a global pandemic. we are not prepared to leave empty—handed. when we look at this package we see progress across the board. albeit, not enough. we have made some major strides here that we need to capture so that further progress can be made in the very near future. mr president, we have seen progress in finance, we have seen progress in returning to the programme to get on track. what the outcome could have been damage on loss and damage, we are prepared to work with our partners on this issue and on carbon markets, the aspects of the text could be stronger and more robust, but we are prepared to accept it in its current form. mr president, it is time to close the paris agreement rule book and it has taken a mighty effort to get to this point. let's recognise the hard work of all of us, the compromise we have reached an let's proceed to adopt this package and move back home to begin implementation. thank you very much, mr president. applause. thank you to trinidad and tobago for your intervention. i now give the flow to indonesia. indonesia, you have the floor. thank you, thank you for giving me the floor. mr president, let me the floor. mr president, let mejoin others in commending your hard work and leadership as well as the spirit from all delegations. indonesia accepts the statement in behalf of g7 and china. at the beginning, other delegates presented here and agreed an agenda of the paris rule book as well as to move forward to concrete implementation in form of solutions, which are accepted by all in holding the principles. as we are at the end of the glasgow sessions, indonesia expresses gratitude to your leadership and welcome the outcome of the un climate conference in glasgow. with your guidance, mr president, we will be able to nearly finalise the paris rule book. but we are aware of this outcome in glasgow is the starting point. starting point for full implementations of the paris agreement. mr president, the delegates of indonesia would like to consent the outcomes. indonesia looks forward to a complete future on this matter, including its implementation of all elements of paris agreements implementations. my delegations have set out our suggestions to the draught text decisions to address some issues which are dear to us. therefore we would like to have our concern and suggestions to be registered. mr president, what is currently certainly needed, it is notjust a balanced text, but the balance in its implementation with all the fact of nature that we believe and with lessons learned from the implementations of previous cop decisions, there shall be no more country parties that do not fulfil their pledge or promises. with the spirit of togetherness, local collaborations, flexibility and compromise, indonesia stands ready to move forward to concrete implementation stage. we hope as a developing country and also i hope all parties will be able to pledge higher admission in the next future and fulfil their pledge. i thank you, mr president. thank ou thank you, mr president. thank you indonesia _ thank you, mr president. thank you indonesia for _ thank you, mr president. thank you indonesia for your - you indonesia for your intervention. i now give the floor to the islamic republic of iran. ., ~' ,, floor to the islamic republic ofiran. ., ~' ~ of iran. thank you, mr president. _ of iran. thank you, mr president. first - of iran. thank you, mr president. first of- of iran. thank you, mr president. first of all. of iran. thank you, mr president. first of all i of iran. thank you, mr - president. first of all i would like to thank your hard effort during the two weeks for the finalising of our unfinished job from cop2. i have a comment regarding what was discussed during the last two weeks. first, is on article six. hopefully the outcome of article six based on cooperation could pave the way for contribution to developing countries. article six, considering how to enhance synergy between mitigation and adaptation, finance, technology transfer and capacity building to facilitate the implementation, coordination of a nonmarket approach. having said that, achieving to increase fund to adaptation and formulation, modalities required to focus on collective niss. mr president, we are not satisfied really on article six, especially issue 6.4 and we are supporting the developing countries. my second intervention is related to cop decision, cp 26, we are not satisfied on paragraph 36 and face a possible fossil fuel subsidise. the support the indian delegation related to fossil fuels and also mr president, as you know, developing countries need to use fossil fuel for economic development. and we are requesting you to modify this paragraph on the decision, thank you. paragraph on the decision, thank vom— paragraph on the decision, thank yon-— paragraph on the decision, thank ou. ., ., thank you. thank you for your intervention. _ thank you. thank you for your intervention. i _ thank you. thank you for your intervention. i now— thank you. thank you for your intervention. i now give - thank you. thank you for your intervention. i now give the l intervention. i now give the floor to argentina. argentina, you have the floor.— floor to argentina. argentina, you have the floor. thank you, mr president. _ you have the floor. thank you, mr president. we _ you have the floor. thank you, mr president. we thank - you have the floor. thank you, mr president. we thank you i you have the floor. thank you, | mr president. we thank you for your all your efforts during these weeks. we have worked hard and we have actively engaged with all delegations to reach an agreement is at this cop. we have expressed there are many issues that still need resolution, but we understand that climate change does not wait. we have come in the spirit of compromise and therefore we can support the package you have presented us. we understand it is a package that will help us move forward to concrete action. argentina is committed to start working from day one after the end of this cop for more and better means of implementation for all developing countries. we will work to assure the care of our common home and the wellbeing of all people in the framework of all people in the framework of sustainable development. the new solidarity is needed as no one is safe alone. as we said yesterday, this was a cop of raising ambition, but also nearing action. the future of our planet is in our hands and we will not fail. thank you, mr president. applause thank you to argentina for your intervention. i now give the floor to cuba. cuba, you have the floor. thank you, mr president. mr president cuba associates itself with the statement made in behalf of the g 77 and china and in behalf of bolivia and like—minded developing country, peru. mr president, as most of the delegations have said today cubais the delegations have said today cuba is not happy, is not satisfied with the document we have in front of us. we wanted to see and more ambitious document. we wanted to see a document. we wanted to see a document that clearly reflects the historic responsibility of developed countries in the fight against climate change. we wanted to see a document more ambitious in terms of emission reductions, in terms of provision of means of implementation, finals, capacity building, from developed countries towards developing countries. cuba is a small island developing state and around a lot of importance to the struggle against climate change. cleber has participated in this process since the very beginning. and frankly speaking, mr president, it's not the document we would like to support with satisfaction. as i said, for those the document should have retained the key principles of the convention and of the paris agreement. namely the principal of differentiated responsibility. but above all, we wanted to see a clear commitment on the side of developed countries in the history of climate we are facing today and we do not have this in the document. there is no real balance in the document. nevertheless, huber is very aware of the importance and at least it is a small step forward. and in this spirit and in the spirit of compromise, cuba willjoin others not expressing objection to this document. thank you, mr president. applause thank you, cuba for your intervention. my now give the flow to new zealand. new zealand, you have the floor. i would like to start by expressing our solidarity with our pacific island neighbours whose very existence depends on what all countries here present do collectively over the remaining years of this decade. mr president, the world has been arguing about what to do about climate change since at least the 19805. and in that time we have admitted as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as we did in the period of the industrial revolution up until that point. in other words, talking about it hasn't solved the problem and i do believe that more torque will improve the package presented today. the text represents the least worst outcome. the worst outcome would been to not agree it and you keep talking through next year and that her action for yet another year. is it enough to hold global warming to 1.5 degrees? mr president, i honestly can say that i think that it does. but we must never, ever give up and if anything, we must fight even harder than before and new zealand supports the text. applause thank you, new zealand for your intervention. i now give the floor to venezuela. venezuela, you have the floor. studio: if you are just you have the floor. studio: if you arejustjoining u5, studio: if you arejustjoining us, this is a stock—taking round in the preliminary room where they go through the text. the third draft of the text the cop presidency hopes will be the final text. alok sharma did ask for this to be reasonably brief, but you will see we have been going on now for nearly two and a quarter hours, every country wanting it say. let's find out what's going on. there is a strategy to this, which i want to explain. michaeljacobs i5 want to explain. michaeljacobs is the professor of political economy at the university of sheffield, special adviser to gordon brown at the copenhagen summit and gordon brown at the copenhagen summitand has gordon brown at the copenhagen summit and has been to every one since. explain to me why alok sharma has allowed all these countries to speak? i know they have to be allowed to speak, but why does it suit him for every country to weigh in? why does every country want it say? there's something going on here, which is quite early on in this round of national speeches. india said it didn't like the text. we have a text that most countries have agreed and they have all been saying in the little speeches, there are things we would much prefer not to have been in here, but we recognise that other countries have different views and in the spirit of compromise we will accept the text. the one country that has not said that was india. which doesn't like the reference to phasing out coal, because it has a very co—dependent state and it doesn't like the requirement for countries to come back next year with stronger commitments. that is a central part of this agreement, because at the moment we are not on track towards limiting global heating towards limiting global heating to 1.5 degrees, which is the paris goal. we are on attracted 2.4 degrees and countries have said we have got to come back. india did not want to do that. india did not want to do that. india has said we don't accept the text. everybody says we are accepting the text and the more countries that say they will accept the text, the more of our minority india will be in. it is a pile on the pressure on india to say that we are in such a small minority, we will withdraw your objection. it is withdraw your ob'ection. it is about isolating _ withdraw your objection. it is about isolating india by allowing every country to speak? what time does our alok sharma stand up and say, i have heard enough, i have heard the representations you are making but we will formally accept the documents in front of us. he could do _ documents in front of us. he: could do that in this session. if india were a very small country, he might do that. in the past we have a decisions were a very small country, there was one year it was nicaragua, for example, said they didn't like the text but it was agreed anyway. because they are very small and don't have big media, that was accepted, at least by everybody else. i think india is too big a country and big involvement in global media. there are two options, one is to have a huddle where countries talk to indian try to persuade them. in durban in 2011, that happened in the room. the indian delegation sat surrounded by most of the other big countries and groups and they were trying to reach an agreement. basically trying to persuade india to withdraw its objection at the time, and they caved. and in a public meeting with people holding cameras and microphones, kind of above the little session to see what was going on, india caved. i don't think they would do that here, but that is an option to have a huddle in that room. the other one is to say, go away and have a meeting with india in a private room and try and achieve this outside and then come back later.— achieve this outside and then come back later. alok sharma sa s the come back later. alok sharma says the text _ come back later. alok sharma says the text is _ come back later. alok sharma says the text is clean, - come back later. alok sharma says the text is clean, in - says the text is clean, in other words there are no parts of it in brackets. just to explain to people, it is translated into six different un languages. then the lawyers have to get around it. will not be going on while these negotiating teams are talking? are they legally scrubbing the text for anything they don't like? . , , ., like? the lawyers are looking at, not whether _ like? the lawyers are looking at, not whether it _ like? the lawyers are looking at, not whether it is - like? the lawyers are looking at, not whether it is good - like? the lawyers are looking at, not whether it is good orl at, not whether it is good or bad, whether it is legally sound and whether the words and the structure and the references to other documents are correct. so it is a proper legally document. with translation, and the translation, and the translation into five other languages, some of that will be going on. you don't have to publish in every language at this stage of the conference. if they can do some of that, they probably will. eventually they probably will. eventually they will have to do that. the other thing that is going on is this persuasion of india. so a clean text means it is pretty much take it or leave it. india don't want to take it, they wanted to be reopened. if they reopen something, other countries will say, hang on, there are things we don't like about this text. the uk will not want to do that, as the presidency, they will want india to give in. there might be a caveat they can introduce into the text to acknowledge india's position. but at this point, it does look like india is holding up the process and all the speeches are being made to pile the pressure on. that all the speeches are being made to pile the pressure on.- to pile the pressure on. at the start of this — to pile the pressure on. at the start of this process, - to pile the pressure on. at the start of this process, at - to pile the pressure on. at the start of this process, at the i start of this process, at the outset and the president, alok sharma said after months of negotiation it was a comprehensive, ambitious and balanced set of outcomes and that there were a number of milestones it would put in train. , ., , ., train. the youth see it that wa ? train. the youth see it that way? all — train. the youth see it that way? all agreements - train. the youth see it that way? all agreements are l way? all agreements are balanced, otherwise you wouldn't have an agreement. in some sense, every party to this conference has got something out of it, every country. something that it has had to lose. whether it is really balanced depends on your perspective. if you are a small island who are given the stage, because climate change mean so much of them, countries that most of us couldn't place to within 1000 most of us couldn't place to within1000 miles on a mat, you will be feeling none of this is good enough. if we don't get to 1.5 degrees as a limit on our islands will literally disappear under rising sea levels. we are already experiencing tremendous problems because of climate change, crops are not going and so on and so forth. but when you have rich countries, countries that depend on fossil fuels, this is a balanced text, everybody has something and everybody has something and everybody has something and everybody has had to lose something. everybody has had to lose something-— everybody has had to lose somethina. ., , , something. people might be “oininu something. people might be joining us— something. people might be joining us and _ something. people might be joining us and not _ something. people might be joining us and not seen - something. people might be joining us and not seen the i joining us and not seen the early speeches that were made but one of the significant ones came from guinea and they were talking in respect of the g 77 countries plus china. the developing countries, who want to see more on climate adaptation, finance for adaptation, finance for adaptation to help the economies change and adapt to the climate change that is already happening. they don't like the text on loss and damage but in the spirit of compromise are prepared to accept it. what do we currently have on loss and damage? it said in the text it was a dialogue, but a dialogue with what purpose? this dialogue, but a dialogue with what purpose?— what purpose? this depends aaain on what purpose? this depends again on your _ what purpose? this depends again on your perspective. . what purpose? this depends i again on your perspective. loss and damages of the damage countries are experiencing and will experience as a result of the historic emissions caused almost like developed countries like the uk, over 200 years of industrialisation which have damaged their countries. they want compensation. if somebody drove a truck into the side of your house, you would want compensation for the damage. in a british system, you could take them to court. because they caused you that damage. the developing countries say you have caused us real damage, some countries are paying 10% of their budgets on adaptation and they want compensation. the developed countries don't want to allow the idea of compensation because they think it is a slippery slope to end “p it is a slippery slope to end up in the international courts and then somebody trying to calculate how much damage has been caused and that leading to a requirement to play trillions out. ., �* a requirement to play trillions out. ., ~ , ~ out. for america it sounds like reparations? — out. for america it sounds like reparations? it _ out. for america it sounds like reparations? it is _ out. for america it sounds like reparations? it is very - out. for america it sounds like reparations? it is very much i reparations? it is very much like reparations. _ reparations? it is very much like reparations. in - reparations? it is very much like reparations. in legal- like reparations. in legal systems, that is what you would expect. the developed countries have always resisted this. the developing countries had put forward a different proposal this time. they said let's have a financing facility to start paying money ever. the developed countries are still nervous that they said no. all the developing countries want is a dialogue on the issue. which is not much, but it is a bit of a step forward and they will continue to press and that dialogue will turn to a working group on the working group will turn into some technical discussions and eventually, they help, it will turn into a financing mechanism.- they help, it will turn into a financing mechanism. john kerry did say they _ financing mechanism. john kerry did say they accept _ financing mechanism. john kerry did say they accept the - did say they accept the principle of loss and damage, it is in the text for the first time. he also said he wanted the developed countries to work on this principle of increasing funding for adaptation, doubling of adaptation. the delegation from gabon said we don't want your money in terms of loans, we want it as grants, lies that energy? we of loans, we want it as grants, lies that energy?— lies that energy? we call our overseas _ lies that energy? we call our overseas aid _ lies that energy? we call our overseas aid budget - lies that energy? we call our overseas aid budget aid i lies that energy? we call our overseas aid budget aid and| overseas aid budget aid and many people think of it as a form of charity. but much of it is in loans where we get the money back and we get it back with interest.— with interest. that $100 billion is... _ with interest. that $100 billion is... it _ with interest. that $100 billion is... it is - with interest. that $100 billion is... it is mostlyl billion is... it is mostly loans- _ billion is... it is mostly loans. they _ billion is... it is mostly loans. they are - billion is... it is mostly| loans. they are worried billion is... it is mostly i loans. they are worried that the interest _ loans. they are worried that the interest on _ loans. they are worried that the interest on those - loans. they are worried that the interest on those loans, j the interest on those loans, they don't have any control over? , ., , . ., , they don't have any control over? , .,, _, , ., over? developing countries have become very _ over? developing countries have become very indebted _ over? developing countries have become very indebted and i over? developing countries have become very indebted and that l become very indebted and that means they cannot run the economy is in the way they want because much of their money is going overseas to the people they have borrowed from. in previous periods we have had to cancel some of that debt. covid—19 has made this worse because many of these countries, economies were down like ours where, but they still pay debt so they borrowed money. some of these countries are indebted, so what we say when we say we are lending you climate finance, it means we want the money back. they want grants. particularly for adaptation because adaptation is coping with the climate change they are experiencing, the floods, droughts and the agriculture that doesn't work. they need money for that now and they want to grants. the commitment of doubling it, and the text says at least doubling, is a big deal. the developed world has said we should have been doing more in that area. the developing countries are glad they have got more money but they still think it is too little. the 100 billion was agreed in 2009. we have had inflation since then, 100 billion isn't worth what was then. developing countries have not provided 100 million. should we be concerned that we come back with enhanced ambitions, should we be worried that china mentioned that as well? we have two of the big five polluters who are saying, this is such a complex thing coming up with a determined contribution, we don't want to do it every year?— do it every year? they are bein: do it every year? they are being asked _ do it every year? they are being asked to _ do it every year? they are being asked to do - do it every year? they are being asked to do it i do it every year? they are being asked to do it nextl do it every year? they are i being asked to do it next year, specifically about the ones they brought to the cop because it is those that have the period of to 2030 and that is the crucial decade. everyone is saying if we don't do it this decade, we won't be able to do it at all. every country has politics and as we know from the uk, where we have onlyjust managed to publish our own net zero plan, it is difficult getting this through your polymer, working up the budgets for it. if countries have done all that work over the last year or two years, they will not be happy about coming back next year. no country is happy about that, but most of them, in fact nearly all of them, including china, have acknowledged collectively they are not doing enough. we cannot sa we are not doing enough. we cannot say we want _ are not doing enough. we cannot say we want to — are not doing enough. we cannot say we want to achieve _ are not doing enough. we cannot say we want to achieve 4.5 i are not doing enough. we cannot say we want to achieve 4.5 and i say we want to achieve 4.5 and then not have plans commensurate with that. and it is objecting to that because it doesn't like it but nobody else likes it either. that is the point about this, people sitting at home will be saying, i want to know, the only thing i want to know, the only thing i want to know, the only thing i want to know about this at the end, has it been a success orfailure? is more nuanced than that and it depends if you stand on a platform of, wejust failing, the earth is burning. you stand on the platform as this a process and we have accelerated the process over the last two weeks, correct? that is a good description. on the outside world where we have these extreme weather events, emissions are still rising. we talk about cutting emissions by 45% by 2030, currently they are expected to rise in that period, not fall at all. in the real world, we are failing, this generation of politicians going back 20 years have failed to act on climate change sufficiently. if you are a young person that is awful, your future is being young person that is awful, yourfuture is being taken young person that is awful, your future is being taken from you. at this conference, we have done the only thing that actually this conference was able to do, which was to say we know we are not doing enough and we promise to come back next year to do more. that was of this conference could do and it has done that. if you are the cop presidency, the uk, you will feel within that broader context of generational failure, this was a little moment of relative success. the ovation that _ moment of relative success. the ovation that we _ moment of relative success. the ovation that we had for friends to lemons, was precisely on that point. he asked the room to consider someone that they knew personally, each and every one of them, someone they knew he was going to be alive in the 20 305. that is not a long way away and you think about what kind of world that is going to be. that is the important part, this is the decisive decade in that respect.— this is the decisive decade in that respect. this has been a big change — that respect. this has been a big change over _ that respect. this has been a big change over the - that respect. this has been a big change over the last i that respect. this has been a big change over the last ten l big change over the last ten years. ten years ago when i walked for gordon brown, we talked about future