to an end. welcome to glasgow and the cop26 negotiations — which are now in overtime, as negotiators from nearly 200 countries try to strike a deal on tackling climate change. a new draft agreement has been published in the last hour. let's bring you some of the main points. most crucially, the reference to phasing out inefficient fossile fuel subsidies is still in the agreement. even after some countries reportedly wanted to remove it. the deal also asks all countries to upgrade their climate pledges next year and rich countries are asked to double their climate adaptation finance by 2025 from 2019 levels. joining me now is our reality check correspondent, chris morris. so, chris, you have had a little more time now, to go through all of this in detail. how does this compare to the last version of this that we had? it compare to the last version of this that we had?— that we had? it is clearly trying to take many. _ that we had? it is clearly trying to take many. many _ that we had? it is clearly trying to take many, many different - that we had? it is clearly trying to take many, many different viewsl that we had? it is clearly trying to i take many, many different views and distil them into one document some of the things that perhaps wouldn't have happen add few years ago are still in the document, the reference, just the fact there is a reference, just the fact there is a reference to phasing out inefficient subsidies on fossil fuels, something which countries whose economies rely on fossil fuels, are which countries whose economies rely on fossilfuels, are really which countries whose economies rely on fossil fuels, are really not keen on fossil fuels, are really not keen on but it is still in the document, even though from the other end of the spectrum activists in countries who are desperate for fossil fuel production to come to an end full stop because of the threat it poses to their survival, they are wishing that language was stronger, this is probably as good a compromise as you could get. there is stronger language on climate finance but still a recognition that we are nowhere near where the scientists say where we need to be, which is why the language is still in there urging countries, or requests because we must use the right verb in un legal speak, countries to come back with updated pledges next year, on how they are going to cut their greenhouse gas emission, to remind you the science says the un says that if there is any hope of meeting this target of limiting temperature rises to 1.5 degrees, above preindustrial levels emissions need to be cut by almost half in this decade, so it is not a question of net zero targeted by mid century, it is about what happens in the next few years. i is about what happens in the next few ears. ., , is about what happens in the next few ears. . , ., ., ., few years. i am seeing a lot of frustration _ few years. i am seeing a lot of frustration on _ few years. i am seeing a lot of frustration on social— few years. i am seeing a lot of frustration on social media - few years. i am seeing a lot of i frustration on social media from activists, about the language round loss and damage, explain that concept for us first of all. it is very important. it concept for us first of all. it is very important.— very important. it is really important- _ very important. it is really important. loss _ very important. it is really important. loss and - very important. it is really i important. loss and damage very important. it is really - important. loss and damage for very important. it is really _ important. loss and damage for many people is a slightly more diplomatic polite way of talking about compensation and reparations for damage done in the past, whether that be land subsumed by the seas, whether it is land turned into desert. coral reefs lost, these are countries that are saying for 200 years, the rich world, particularly the united states and europe has been pumping out the greigs that have caused this damage —— greenhouse gases. it is all very well asking for it now but the basic matter of justice they well asking for it now but the basic matter ofjustice they argue, we also need to see money at dressing what has happened over the last couple of hundred eyears, it is an incredibly sensitive topic. for the rich countries, the idea of accepting any form of legal formal liability for those reparations suddenly you would be looking at bills of trills of dollars, so the language has been slightly softened and that is why are you have seen this unhappiness, it talks about a dialogue, we will talk about it a bit more, i can hear the sound of the ball being kicked into the long grass. the ball being kicked into the long crass. ., u, the ball being kicked into the long crass. ., ., , ., grass. you can imagine greta thunberg _ grass. you can imagine greta thunberg saying _ grass. you can imagine greta thunberg saying blah, - grass. you can imagine greta thunberg saying blah, blah, l grass. you can imagine greta - thunberg saying blah, blah, blah, this being a prime example. the language on finance in this draft document. that is about money going forward, to a adaptation to the impacts of climate change. yes. impacts of climate change. yes, there is also. — impacts of climate change. yes, there is also, there _ impacts of climate change. yes, there is also, there is _ impacts of climate change. yes, there is also, there is to - impacts of climate change. yes, there is also, there is to a - there is also, there is to a adaptation money being doubled as quickly as possible but there is also presuming we do meet the delayed $100 billion target, there is a recognition that is just the springboard for much more. the indian prime minister, when he was here at this summit, or this conference called for climate finance for the developing world from the rich world to reach $1 trillion a year as soon as possible, because that is the kind of money people are going to need, if they are going to completely reengineer what they do, protect themselves from the current effects of climate change, and make sure that as they develop, they do so in a sustainable way which doesn't add further greenhouse gases into atmosphere. have you had any update on the timetable for today and whether we are looking at getting to a deal? we are looking at getting to a deal? we are already in overtime. we are looking at getting to a deal? we are already in overtime.— are already in overtime. we think in about an hour's _ are already in overtime. we think in about an hour's time _ are already in overtime. we think in about an hour's time a _ are already in overtime. we think in about an hour's time a plenary - about an hour's time a plenary session will start, in which countries give their responses to what the uk presidency and the un has put out. a deal later today or an agreement signed later tail. the gavel coming down i think is a possibility, but never say never with meetings like this, it could spread into tomorrow. for with meetings like this, it could spread into tomorrow.— spread into tomorrow. for the moment. _ spread into tomorrow. for the moment, chris, _ spread into tomorrow. for the moment, chris, thank - spread into tomorrow. for the moment, chris, thank you - spread into tomorrow. for the | moment, chris, thank you very spread into tomorrow. for the - moment, chris, thank you very much. it will be interesting to hear from those delegates in that plenary session, you may have seen our coverage of yesterday's plenary, because we will get a sense from countries more developing countries, what they think of that language round loss and damage, or lack there of and as chris explained that is about compensation for the effect of climate change, the effects of climate change, the effects of climate change, the effects of climate change already suffered by those country, it may give us a sense of whether we are actually close to an agreement or not. joining me now isjennifer tollman, senior policy adviser climate change think tank, e36. jennifer, thank you very much for your time today. give yours take on this latest version of the draft agreement. this latest version of the draft agreement-— this latest version of the draft agreement. so, i think we are startin: agreement. so, i think we are starting from _ agreement. so, i think we are starting from a _ agreement. so, i think we are starting from a pretty - agreement. so, i think we are starting from a pretty decent. agreement. so, i think we are - starting from a pretty decent place, on many things, so, yesterday in plenary we saw the vast majority of countries saying this is a text we can work with and the reality is it hasn't changed that much, so there are a couple of key places where it has changed and i think we will still see fireworks on that in the plenary in a second, i think that one of those places is loss and damage, we now have a proposition in there for a dialogue, but not a dialogue that ends in anything, so we will talk about the lack of money for two years and not do anything about it and that is obviously probably not going to be something that particularly small island developing states welcome, one of the other key changes a we have seen in the text is round some of the language on fossil fuels, which in the text is round some of the language on fossilfuels, which has been sadly further weakened despite the strong call in yesterday's plenary to at least strike the term inefficient, given it will thickety that given the climate change you might claim that all fossil fuels are inefficient at this point. but there are some very good things still in the text, we still have countries needing to come back to the table by 2022, and we also still have them come back annually after that, to discuss what they are going to be doing out to 2030. a final piece to highlight before specific questions is the finance for adaptation, while loss and damage has been underserved in the text, there is a provision to double adaptation finance out to 2025 and while this isn't enough to completely fill that adaptation finance gap which is at about 70 billion, it will mean 20 billion at least more for countries struggling to adapt to the devastating impact of climate change, so it is still a mixed bag but it's a mixed bag that countries with work with. gk. mixed bag but it's a mixed bag that countries with work with.— mixed bag but it's a mixed bag that countries with work with. ok, and it is really important _ countries with work with. ok, and it is really important to _ countries with work with. ok, and it is really important to remind - is really important to remind viewers that we have here a draft agreement, we do not have an agreement, we do not have an agreement that has been signed off by the delegates, but i want to go back to that subject of loss and damage, compensation forthe back to that subject of loss and damage, compensation for the effects of climate change already suffered in effect. 0ne of climate change already suffered in effect. one of the big themes at this cop in glasgow has been about delivering climate justice, this cop in glasgow has been about delivering climatejustice, so broadly wealthier global north countries helping broadly poorer global south countries and do you think we will see a satisfactory outcome on that theme? 50. think we will see a satisfactory outcome on that theme? so, the auestion outcome on that theme? so, the question i _ outcome on that theme? so, the question i guess _ outcome on that theme? so, the question i guess is _ outcome on that theme? so, the question i guess is satisfactory . outcome on that theme? so, the l question i guess is satisfactory for who? the first thing i would want to clarify under the paris agreement we are not talking about compensation or liability for loss and damage, though obviously there is certainly strong moral weight behind the fact that countries suffering most from the loss and damage are the least responsible, but it is not officially something that is compensation and that is very much a red line particularly for the us, so we need to be very careful in how we talk about this, because while obvious there is a compensation element and we might see countries taking that up outside of the un system, within the un system it is very clearly bounded. the question is whether that clear bounding between unlimited liability and no finance whatsoever, is there something this process can deliver? because it is very much a question of climate justice. you make a really good point, satisfactory for whom, because you know, at the end of the day even if all the countries do sign up to this, you know, it is not going to satisfy every one fully and i think thatis satisfy every one fully and i think that is a fact everyone has to get their head round.— that is a fact everyone has to get their head round. absolutely, and one of the — their head round. absolutely, and one of the biggest _ their head round. absolutely, and one of the biggest issues - their head round. absolutely, and one of the biggest issues around | one of the biggest issues around broaderfinance we one of the biggest issues around broader finance we have seen at this cop is the issue of access, so even if that money season provided, which it definitely should be, who gets access to it is it flowing to those countries most in need? right now it doesn't go to small island states or least developed countries and particularly on loss and damage finance it really would need to be focussed in going to the people who are being hit hardest and have the smallest budgets to do anything. jennifer, thank you very much for your thoughts on this latest eversion of the draft agreement. katie white is executive director of advocacy and campaigns at the wwf. earlier she told me that putting nature at the centre of action to control climate change was essential. well, we are very pleased with the mentions of nature. there is more nature mentions in the text than there has been before, but crucially that is because we won't meet that 1.5 degree target without tackling the nature crisis, they are two sides of the same coin, so we have got make sure those, that we are tackling both at once and they�* re interconnected. and we were just chatting before this interview, and you made an interesting comment about where the momentum is now, because, of course, this process so intensive over the last two weeks, but it is all about keeping the momentum going, isn't it. absolutely. look, it has been an emotional fortnight, ups and downs, gloss, glamour, announcements all over the place, and you are trying to figure out what is going on, when all of this goes what will happen in the real world? we have to take a step back, in terms of where we were at paris and where we are now. the positive thing to take from is that at paris we were aiming for well below two degrees, but that was the figure in range. this 1.5 target is politically very much the target, so i think that is something we can say is a success of this conference, that 1.5 is the political target, and a lot after that is down and a lot of that is down to people power, in terms of people on the streets calling for it. the scientists are totally clear we can't aim for that two degrees, we have to go for 1.5. is that enough and is it fast enough? you are saying the political momentum has shifted, but, you know, activists on the ground, they would say that, well, they have already said they don't think this cop26 has worked. look, i think in terms of, we are looking at now, this is a process, we have to get ourselves on that train of action, and i think that action train has left the station. is it going fast enough? absolutely not. it is not going fast enough. we need to work on what has come out of this, in the months ahead, and i think the uk presidency has a role in terms of making sure these commitments stick. because what has been a real problem at this cop has been we have arrived and we have an implementation gap. not much or not enough has happened before, so people are going it is a pledge, a commitment. what does that really mean in terms — and are you going to deliver on it? i think the next year has to be about delivery, delivery, delivery. chris stark is the chief executive of the committee on climate change — a body that holds the uk government to account on its actions on climate change. he spoke to me earlier and gave his reaction to the draft agreement. it might sound odd for those people who are not watching cops as closely as i might do, but language about fossilfuel as i might do, but language about fossil fuel financing, as i might do, but language about fossilfuel financing, language fossil fuel financing, language about phasing fossilfuel financing, language about phasing out coal, is still in there, �* . ., ., there, and the language on returning to the table, — there, and the language on returning to the table, to _ there, and the language on returning to the table, to make _ there, and the language on returning to the table, to make those - there, and the language on returning to the table, to make those 2030 - to the table, to make those 2030 targets stronger, next year, is still in there, so this is motoring towards, really strong piece of text at the end of this. it's a process, sadly we can't magic up commitment. that process is starting to deliver the reductions in the long—term temperature it was designed to do and i think glasgow is motoring to a positive conclusion. is there enough accountability in it? yourjob is all about holding the uk government to account in terms of its actions towards dealing with climate change, but is there enough accountability and transparency and a way of monitoring what countries are doing, are they, are they keeping up, are they matching the words, the fine words we heard at the beginning of this conference?— we heard at the beginning of this conference? ., ., ., ., , conference? you are right to raise the issue of— conference? you are right to raise the issue of accountability - conference? you are right to raise the issue of accountability and - the issue of accountability and transparency, i don't think there is enough get this. this is one of the keyissues enough get this. this is one of the key issues we are discussing, how they are measured, sadly there isn't a global body with the same teeth as my organisation does here in the uk, so we will need, the un process to deliver that accountability. it's worth saying we are making some progress on that, now there is a set of technical changes that you know, i don't suggest we try and talk about in detail today but you can round them up as calling them the rule book issues, the rule book for the commitment that were made in paris six years after paris it looks like we might goat a conclusion for that rule book in glasgow that. might sound like a boring technical thing but it will be a better platform to make stronger commitments if we can agree that rule book and the key thing in that rule book and the key thing in that rule book and the key thing in that rule book is transparency, are we measures things on a common basis? so i think there is again another positive aspect of what is go coming out of glasgow, is that technical work has been done. i suppose the fundamental question chris stark, is does this keep the goal of 1.5 degrees capping global warming at1.5 goal of 1.5 degrees capping global warming at 1.5 accepts us alive, because that is the point at which scientists clearly say we will see even more dangerous consequences of climate change. . 50 even more dangerous consequences of climate change- -_ climate change. . so we need to see the final text — climate change. . so we need to see the final text on _ climate change. . so we need to see the final text on this, _ climate change. . so we need to see the final text on this, but _ climate change. . so we need to see the final text on this, but i _ climate change. . so we need to see the final text on this, but i think - the final text on this, but i think it is very important to say that we have several commentators, several analytical bodies looking at the commitment brought to glasgow and that they have converged on a similar outlook, if you look at the long—term we have a remarkable thing coming out of glasgow, we have 90% of the world's economy sitting on this net zero targets, that is a scientific target. globally it's the point where we stop warming the planet. 90% is sitting under the target, that is a really good development, that is not matched by short—term commitments for 2030, so what we need now is a pathway to that net zero goal by mid sthaent is equally ambitious, and we're have had a little bit of that in glasgow but not enough. that was chris stark. let us look behind me along the river, along the clyde and across to the event centre behind me, where the negotiations are continuing. well into overtime now, they were due to conclude yesterday evening, friday evening, but we still don't know for sure if we will have a deal today. we will get a better clue to all of to that when we hear the delegates in the conference hall make their speeches and get a sense of whether they are buying into this this text, this draft text i have in front of me. all nine pages of it and whether that will satisfy them enough. it won't satisfy every delegate, completely of course, whether it is something they can coalesce round and use as a way to move forward. we he will be back here very soon, right now it is back to to luxmy in the studio. let us bring you some of the other main news stories. let us bring you some of the other main news stories. the humanitarian crisis along the border between belarus and poland continues to escalate, as more migrants head to the border, only to be caught in a political limbo between the two nations. polish police say they found the body of a young syrian man on the polish side of the border overnight. it's estimated that at least eight people have died near the border — and without proper access to food, water and medical aid, there are fears dozens more could die in the coming weeks. 0ur correspondent steve rosenberg was able to access migrants on the belarus side of the border. by day, the scale of this migrant crisis becomes clear. belarus's border with poland transformed into a camp for those desperate to get to europe. tonight, for the first time, belarusian border guards agreed to take us into the camp, right up to the border. behind the barbed wire, the european union, just metres away. many here are kurds from the middle east. the eu believes that belarus helped them get here, that the country is facilitating illegal migration into europe — revenge for sanctions. but poland won't let them in. we are like homeless, we don't have any place to stay there. it is about whether it's too cold, we just collect fire and burning trees to make our bodies heat. but still we hope, we never give up. we've been told there are more than 2000 people in this camp, living in pretty basic conditions. this story is a very human drama, but the backdrop, that's geopolitics. the migrant crisis is ratcheting up east—west tension. near the border, paratroopers from belarus and russia held joint exercises, signalling whose side the kremlin's on. increasing, too, is alexander lukashenko's rhetoric. this week he threatened to block the flow of russian gas to europe if the eu imposes more sanctions on belarus. but those who see belarus as a stepping stone to the eu, they couldn't care less about sanctions or geopolitics. they just want a better future. many of them have paid thousands of dollars for package tours that bring them to belarus and deliver them to the border with europe. but no further. for most, the journey stops here. and so they have to wait, in the cold, while governments argue. waiting and hoping to be let through. in an interview with russia's state broadcaster, president vladimir putin has denied moscow's involvement in the migrant crisis on the belarus—poland border. poland and other western countries accused moscow of working with minsk to orchestrate the sending of thousands of migrants to the border. he also said that alexander lukashenko never consulted him before raising the possibility of belarus cutting russian gas supplies to europe, and said such a prospect would damage russia's ties with bealrus and the european union. (tx 0n the recent military drills by the us and nato in the black sea, he condemned the activities and said this was a serious challenge to moscow. union. 0n the recent military drills by the us and nato in the black sea, he condemned the activities and said this was a serious challenge to moscow. much of europe is facing a surge in coronavirus cases and measures are being reimposed across the continent. the netherlands will begin a three—week partial lockdown on saturday night — nonessential shops, cafes, bars and nightclubs will have to close early, there will be no crowds at football matches and social distancing will be enforced. courtney bembridge reports. all chant: vrijdom! vrijheid! fury on the streets of the hague after the announcement that restrictions are back for at least three weeks. protesters threw fireworks and smoke bombs and were met with water cannons. 0thers spent the night soaking up the nightlife while they could. cases have been steadily rising over the past two months and hospitals are once again under pressure — that's despite the country's relatively high vaccination rate. authorities say more than two thirds of the patients in intensive care are unvaccinated, but the waning effectiveness of vaccines over time is also playing a part, particularly in the elderly population. the dutch government plans to start booster jabs next month. in the meantime, prime minister mark rutte says urgent action is needed. translation: this is a hard blow of a few weeks - because the virus is everywhere throughout the country, in all sectors and in all ages. the measures will be western europe's translation: this is a hard blow of a few weeks - because the virus is everywhere throughout the country, the measures will be western europe's first partial lockdown this winter, but other countries may soon follow suit. germany is considering restrictions and austria plans to lock down the unvaccinated, with spot checks and hefty fines for those caught flouting the rules. translation: i would very much support nationwide regulations. l itjust has to be clear what is meant by a lockdown for the unvaccinated. in my opinion, there are still a number of open questions that need to be clarified, because we must not unsettle the public by making different claims. around a third of austrians have yet to have their first dose and the country has one of the lowest vaccination rates in the eu. the world health organization has warned that europe brazilian palaeontologists are piecing together fragments of ancient bones which could shed light on a new species of dinosaur. work began injune after a fossil was found during the construction of a railway in northeastern brazil. the team found the remains of what they believe to be a group of large dinosaurs known as the titanosauria. now it's time for a look at the weather with matt taylor. much quieter today and this weekend. it is going to be pretty mild for the stage in november but still a lot of cloud around at times, the best of those breaks through this afternoon across the central swathe as i'll show you. it's because we are between two weather systems. this area of low pressure which brought the windy weather yesterday and this is the one which will bring weather fronts to the north and west, particularly through tomorrow. advancing cloud into northern ireland to today so this afternoon turning grey and patchy when it drizzle from the west, particularly late afternoon into the evening. still got cloud from yesterday's low pressure system and eastern counties of england, so staying rather grey here, some occasional rain or drizzle, but in between, and that means the vast majority of the country, will see some of that cloud break up and some sunny spells through the afternoon. temperatures between 11 and 15 degrees. to put that into context, about two to four degrees above where we normally are at this stage in november. here are some of the averages we expect this time of year, ten to 12 celsius. and it also means we still got a fairly mild night with us. a lot cooler tonight, particularly in this central strip with the clear skies to begin with. closing in, though, through the night as cloud advances from east and west. some mist and fog patches and temperatures and single figures in that zone but thickening cloud up towards western scotland, northern ireland and the irish sea coast. it's going to make for a rather grey, misty and for some, drizzly morning. heavier bursts of rain through the day in towards the western isles on sunday. still a few showers in east anglia, and the south—east, most of you dry and it's across east wales, good parts of england and around the moray firth will see the best of your sunday sunshine. temperatures like today, around ten to 15 degrees. then, as we go into sunday night and monday, after outbreaks of rain across scotland and northern ireland the weather front is on the move only very slowly south and east. there's not much wind around again on monday. it does mean brighter conditions gradually developing across scotland and northern ireland. more sunshine than we will see this weekend but it will be a rather grey day for parts of northern and england and wales, some rain and drizzle, mist and fog over hills and further south and east still the chance of further cloud breaks and a bit of sunshine. temperatures down a degree or two on this weekend overall mild. and that mild story continues into next week. a bit of a battle, high pressure to the south, low pressure to the north. the closer you are to that low pressure system, the windier things will be at times, the wetter as well. you can see in 0ban, western scotland will see rain throughout this week. some rain into northern ireland although many places will be largely dry, especially in the south. hello this is bbc news. the headlines...