Transcripts For BBCNEWS BBC News 20240709 : comparemela.com

are now at the summit — but chinese leader xi jinping and russian president vladimir putin are not attending. and a rallying cry to the conference from world renowned natural historian, sir david attenborough. in my lifetime i've witnessed a terrible decline. in yours, you could and should witness a wonderful recovery. all this comes as un scientists warn that extreme weather events are the new normal — and the past seven years are on course to be the hottest on record. hello and welcome. our continued coverage here of cop26, here in glasgow. the summit billed as a make or break moment — a test of whether countries can act together to limit global warming — is getting underway. we have the close of the opening ceremony in the last couple of minutes. 7 we had. 120 world leaders are here to begin their speeches to delegates — and the uk as the host is front and centre of this huge gathering. in advance of the conference's opening, the prime minister boris johnson has warned that humanity has "run down the clock" on climate change — and it's now "one minute to midnight". ourfirst report comes from our science correspondent rebecca morelle. and a warning the following report contains flashing images. sweeping into glasgow, leaders from around the world, ready for make or break talks on the future of our planet. there to greet them, prime minister borisjohnson and un secretary general antonio gutteres, as one by one they arrive, fresh from the g20 talks in rome. it is a roll call of more than 100 world leaders. there's royalty, too — prince charles and the duchess of cornwall have arrived. earlier, scottish first minister nicola sturgeon met climate activist greta thunberg. but there are some notable absences. china's xijinping and russia's vladimir putin won't be joining the talks. humanity has long since run down the clock on climate change. it's one minute to midnight on that doomsday clock, and we need to act now. so, what is cop267 cop stands for conference of the parties, set up by the un to try to tackle climate change. the first one took place in 1995 and this is the 26th. around 25,000 delegates are expected to turn up in glasgow. this is going to be where the heart of the action is taking place over the next two weeks. the world leaders are already here but only for the next couple of days. after that, negotiators take over. remember, every single country comes with a very different economy, very different problems, and a very different agenda. the enormous challenge is going to be getting them all to agree. so, what's up for discussion? the world has agreed to try and keep global temperature to 1.5 degrees. if we go about that, we move into dangerous territory. a key aim of the talks will be to keep that 1.5 degrees target alive. money will also be a focus, providing $100 billion a year for developing countries who are suffering the worst impacts of climate change. but they say richer nations are to blame. we can expect more loss, more damages within the caribbean region, pacific, as well as the indian ocean. in that case, we have to make sure we take the necessary steps in order to get these large polluters to reduce their emissions. this was the scene outside the conference centre this morning, hundreds of delegates struggling to get in. after 30 years of these meetings, they say there have been enough delays and they want to get going with these talks. there is growing demand from protesters, too. the question is, can world leaders deliver what the planet needs7 we will find out in the next two weeks. the broadcaster and conservationist sir david attenborough said the future of generations to come, relies on leaders taking action. the people alive now are the generation to come 7 and a generation to come 7 and a generation to come 7 and a generation to come, we'll look at this conference and consider one thing, did the number stop rising and start to drop as a result of commitments made here? there is every reason to believe that the answer can be yes. if working apart we are forced powerful enough to destabilise our planet, surely working together that we are powerful enough to save it. in my lifetime i've witnessed a terrible decline. in yours, you could and should witness a wonderful recovery. that desperate hope, ladies and gentlemen, delegates, is why the world is looking to you and why you are here. thank you. 5ir world is looking to you and why you are here. thank you.— are here. thank you. sir david attenborough, _ are here. thank you. sir david attenborough, urging - are here. thank you. sir david attenborough, urging world i are here. thank you. sir david - attenborough, urging world leaders to rewrite the story on climate change. well, 12 days of climate negotiations lie ahead — the 26th time countries have gathered in this way on this subject. but what will it take to curb climate change enough to limit its worst impacts7 here s 0ur science correspondent victoria gill. over the years, we've witnessed and reported the impacts of climate change around the world. we've seen deforestation on a vast scale contribute to carbon emissions. and you no longer have to travel to the deserts to see the impact of global temperature rise. the effects of climate change are playing out everywhere. we've been here 20 years, we've got a beautiful home, and just look at it. but while its impact can be painfully dramatic, over the years, we've witnessed and reported the impacts of climate can be painfully slow. there have been moments of triumph, though, in this long negotiation. at the cop in 2015 in paris, 196 countries signed a global treaty agreeing to limit global warming to well below two celsius and to aim for 1.5. that's the threshold scientists agree beyond which the most dangerous impacts of global warming play out. so, now it comes down to here, in glasgow. to keep that 1.5 celsius target alive, emissions need to halve within the next decade, and to reach net zero, where the world is taking out as much carbon from the atmosphere as it's putting into it, by the middle of the century. so, the 200 countries being represented here at cop26 are being asked for their specific plans to meet that goal. the success of this conference will be based partly on countries�* willingness to outdo each other when it comes to emission reduction. the uk's own net zero strategy has been widely praised. the government has promised to fully decarbonise our electricity supply by 2035, and to phase out the sale of petrol and diesel cars by 2030. but some countries have much more ambitious goals. costa rica, a country that has committed to phasing out fossil fuels completely, is urging richer nations to do more. the fact that costa rica is a small country with limited resources, and yet has been able to put forward very ambitious plans. if we are doing it, you countries that are larger than us, larger economies, better resources, there is no excuse, you have to do it, too. there's a great deal of work to do here. countries�* current pledges have us on a path towards a 2.7 degrees temperature increase by the end of the century. if negotiations over the next two weeks can't nudge that down significantly, we'll be facing a very uncertain future. victoria gill, bbc news, glasgow. with us now isjennifer morgan, executive director of greenpeace international. good to have you with us. i saw your rather frustrated reaction yesterday to the g20 communiqu and we note the leaders there suggested that we should be aiming for net zero around mid—century rather than definitely saying 2050. how much does that set the tone for what is happening here and getting under way in glasgow? clearly we are very disappointed with what the g20 dude and you would expect leadership coming out of that group. 7 what the g20 did. in terms of the phase out of coal that is needed and in terms of getting to the net zero economy, but the thing to note is the forum in glasgow is where every country has a seat at the table, not only the big countries, those countries that are fighting for their very survival, and i think it sets the tone in a sense of the need for this global un meeting to step up and to have those voices influencing the big emitters. i don't know how much of the opening ceremony you have listened to but the italian prime minister, it was pretty restrained but you sensed his frustration that there was not a more concrete set of words coming out of the g20 which was held in rome of course, he was the host. we heard the prime minister of barbados talk about how unjust it was and how immoral it was that wealthier nations have not come forward with the money that they promised to help poorer countries transition to a green infrastructure, to protect themselves against the impact of climate change, and it was so much emotion in their speeches especially sir david attenborough. do you feel that there is a new moral imperative that there is a new moral imperative that these political leaders are listening to, may be more than they have done before? 0r listening to, may be more than they have done before? or do you remain cynical about that? i have done before? or do you remain cynical about that?— cynical about that? i think that havin: cynical about that? i think that having leaders _ cynical about that? i think that having leaders speak - cynical about that? i think that having leaders speak their - cynical about that? i think that i having leaders speak their trades like the leaders from small nations 7 speak their truth. it is about their existence and it is about having to survive in a situation where they did not cause this. if you bring in the instability they are dealing with, ijust have to believe in this moment of humanity where the suffering around the word from the pandemic, the inequities are so big, but if you have leaders coming together and they talk to each other and they connect in that level, the dislikejoe biden and 7 leaders likejoe biden and boast of undermine, they will go beyond what they have set out in their script 7 and ursula von der leyen. and hopefully they will rise to the test that lays before them. you hopefully they will rise to the test that lays before them.— hopefully they will rise to the test that lays before them. you and other activists will — that lays before them. you and other activists will be _ that lays before them. you and other activists will be alert _ that lays before them. you and other activists will be alert to _ that lays before them. you and other activists will be alert to any - that lays before them. you and other activists will be alert to any hint - activists will be alert to any hint of green washing in what the politicians say at the end of the conference, and let's look at how they propose to get to the goals that have been talked about, keeping the average global temperature from rising above 1.5 degrees, getting to net zero, and carbon offsetting is still on the agenda but what do you feel about that, the idea of countries keeping using coal and other fossil fuels and using countries keeping using coal and otherfossilfuels and using other plans to offset their carbon footprint?— plans to offset their carbon footprint? plans to offset their carbon footrint? ~ ., ., ., , footprint? we have no time for this. the science — footprint? we have no time for this. the science has _ footprint? we have no time for this. the science has been _ footprint? we have no time for this. the science has been very _ footprint? we have no time for this. the science has been very clear- footprint? we have no time for this. the science has been very clear that we not only have to phase—out the existing fossil fuels but we also have do keep, we can't start exploring for new, so any country, whether it is australia or saudi arabia, saying they are going to go net zero but they are going to continue with fossil fuels, that is not going to be credible, and it is against what the science is telling us is needed. it is green wash and it will be called out, notjust by greenpeace but other activists around the world. i was heartened by the secretary general�*s speech where he indicated that he is setting up a working group to look across these voluntary corporate announcements, offsets would come into that, to see how we could get a regulatory approach, we need to close a loophole on these offsets, for human rights reasons and environmental reasons and for scientific integrity. reasons and for scientific integrity-— reasons and for scientific inteuri ., ., ., . integrity. great to have your thou~hts integrity. great to have your thoughts on _ integrity. great to have your thoughts on com - integrity. great to have your thoughts on cop26 so - integrity. great to have your thoughts on cop26 so far. i integrity. great to have your - thoughts on cop26 so far. jennifer thoughts on cop26 so far. jennifer morgan, the executive director of greenpeace international, very clearly saying there is not a 7 there is not time for carbon offsetting, and she does not want to hear from countries who say they are going to continue using fossil fuels but they will plant trees to offset that, she says we are beyond that now. borisjohnson says world leaders need to move from "aspiration to action" in order to slow global warming. he's been speaking to our climate editor, justin rowlatt: would you say you are now an environmentalist, mrjohnson7 i've always been a passionate lover of the natural world, but it was only really on becoming prime minister, seeing the, er, the upward spike in the temperature change. there's absolutely no doubt about it. we have to fix this thing. we are all thinking about our own carbon footprint. what is the... laughter what is thejohnson household doing7 go on! 0bviously, i've totally abolished commuting since i, i, i live above my place of work. but what i used to do is, i used to cycle absolutely everywhere. 0n the big issue, the cop26 summit, it isn't brexit that in the long term you're going to be remembered for. you're going to be remembered for the deal that you bring back from glasgow, because that is the one that's going to affect the climate that we all endure or live in for decades, centuries, thousands of years, possibly. that is the tragedy of it. i don't think people realise that the difference between 1.5, restraining it to 1.5 degrees, increasing 1.5 degrees and two degrees, is the difference between losing 70% of the world's coral reefs at 1.5 degrees and losing all of them at two degrees. that is an appalling prospect. everybody knows that it's the uk that's out in front. when i was a kid, 80% of our power came from coal. when i was mayor of london, it was a0%. it's now 1%. let's talk about coal. that's an amazing... let's talk about coal, and i know everybody asks you this question, but you're going to china, you're going to india, you're going to the developing world, saying, "phase out coal at the same time as not ruling out" a new coal mine in britain — a new coal mine in britain! we started the industrial revolution, we should close the mines. i've just given you the statistics, before you have... ah, but why don't you just say we're not going to open them? i've just given you the statistics. why don't we be clear on the coalmine7 the chinese will say, "we can't take this guy seriously." well, sorry, but what absolutely everybody finds incontrovertible is the progress the uk has already made. no, i'm sorry to bang on about the coal, but the point is, you can't... you know, it makes you look... makes you look a little bit weaselly, not answering the coal question, because they're going to go and you're talking about coal. sorry, i've answered the coal question. directly. and let me tell you directly, we are yes or no on the coalmine7 what do you reckon? i'm not in favour of more coal, let's be absolutely clear, but it's not a decision for me. it's a decision for local planning authorities. you are about to go to glasgow, how confident are you about the outcome? i have told you, i think it is in the balance, i think that we have had a decent outcome at the g20 so far but everybody has got a lot more to do. borisjohnson then boris johnson then speaking borisjohnson then speaking to our climate editor. we have some pictures here outside cop26. to the right of your picture, holding a banner, greta thunberg, of course, the climate campaigner. she feels like quite a vectoring campaign and it seems like she has been around pretty much forever 7 veteran campaigner. we have heard from climate activists inside the opening ceremony in the blue zone today where the world leaders are but greta thunberg outside and her presence here, of course, her voice very much being heard. the constant references to the younger generations, and their demands for action. you are going to hear political leaders saying that over and over again in their speeches because they want the world to know that they are listening to young activists like greta thunberg. let's now pop over to the blue zone. my colleague is there with some reaction to everything happening. yes, we are in a rather striking area with a even more striking backdrop and the globe here, and we are going to talk about faith because there are 2.5 billion christians and they make up a third of the world's population so fatally does have a big say in this battle and i'm pleased to say that one of those faith leaders is with me 7 so faith does have a big say. we are joined byjustin welby, what do you hope to achieve today7 joined byjustin welby, what do you hope to achieve today? the joined by justin welby, what do you hope to achieve today?— hope to achieve today? the main thins hope to achieve today? the main thin . s are hope to achieve today? the main things are to _ hope to achieve today? the main things are to listen, _ hope to achieve today? the main things are to listen, especially i hope to achieve today? the main things are to listen, especially to those _ things are to listen, especially to those who— things are to listen, especially to those who are on the edge, and see how we _ those who are on the edge, and see how we can — those who are on the edge, and see how we can push their interests forward, — how we can push their interests forward, and most anglicans and christians — forward, and most anglicans and christians around the world are in the global— christians around the world are in the global south, they are poor in very vulnerable to climate change. secondly, — very vulnerable to climate change. secondly, to encourage that it is the right— secondly, to encourage that it is the right thing to do, thirdly to challenge, where people are sticking, _ challenge, where people are sticking, and fourthly, surprise, to pray with— sticking, and fourthly, surprise, to pray with other christians for a change — pray with other christians for a change because this is a god's creation — change because this is a god's creation and there is such a moral obligation— creation and there is such a moral obligation to move ahead and preserve _ obligation to move ahead and preserve the foundations we have been _ preserve the foundations we have been given for future generations. they travel— been given for future generations. they travel to places, so you have a first—hand experience of how the climate is changing in every corner of the church? it is climate is changing in every corner of the church?— climate is changing in every corner of the church? it is one of the most strikin: of the church? it is one of the most striking things _ of the church? it is one of the most striking things and _ of the church? it is one of the most striking things and because - of the church? it is one of the most striking things and because i - of the church? it is one of the most striking things and because i tend l striking things and because i tend to travel— striking things and because i tend to travel to places that are troubled, more and more you see that as part _ troubled, more and more you see that as part of. _ troubled, more and more you see that as part of, but as part of the propellant that is creating conflict and leading to innocent lives being lost, is _ and leading to innocent lives being lost, is climate change. people moving — lost, is climate change. people moving. that has been true throughout history. people moving leads— throughout history. people moving leads to _ throughout history. people moving leads to conflict as people bump into people. it is on a scale now that— into people. it is on a scale now that we — into people. it is on a scale now that we have never seen before, four times— that we have never seen before, four times as _ that we have never seen before, four times as big — that we have never seen before, four times as big as at the end of the second — times as big as at the end of the second world war, and probably only attempt _ second world war, and probably only attempt as— second world war, and probably only attempt as much as it will be in ten, _ attempt as much as it will be in ten, 20, — attempt as much as it will be in ten, 20, 30 _ attempt as much as it will be in ten, 20, 30 years, unless things change — ten, 20, 30 years, unless things change |— ten, 20, 30 years, unless things chance. ., ., ten, 20, 30 years, unless things chance. . ., ., . ten, 20, 30 years, unless things chance. . . ., . ,., change. i have a quote which you ave change. i have a quote which you gave when _ change. i have a quote which you gave when you — change. i have a quote which you gave when you took _ change. i have a quote which you gave when you took the - change. i have a quote which you gave when you took the job - change. i have a quote which you gave when you took the job and i change. i have a quote which you i gave when you took the job and you said a key mark of decline is the massive capacity for analysis of problems but no capacity to treat the problems identified and i was reflecting on that this morning and thinking, that is the very same of the prime minister's speech. 7 the very same. we have had aspirational promises but we need the concrete detail. do you think the leaders have the capacity to replant the entire world economy? hat have the capacity to replant the entire world economy?- entire world economy? not by themselves. _ entire world economy? not by themselves. there _ entire world economy? not by themselves. there isn't- entire world economy? not by themselves. there isn't an - entire world economy? not by - themselves. there isn't an answer which _ themselves. there isn't an answer which says— themselves. there isn't an answer which says government can wave a magic— which says government can wave a magic wand — which says government can wave a magic wand and make it all different. but they have the capacity— different. but they have the capacity to set a culture. they have the capacity— capacity to set a culture. they have the capacity to alter regulation and fiscal— the capacity to alter regulation and fiscal incentives and all other kind of things— fiscal incentives and all other kind of things which makes sense to people — of things which makes sense to people and changes the moral climate to say— people and changes the moral climate to say this _ people and changes the moral climate to say this is good, and right and sensible — to say this is good, and right and sensible and serious. they can do that _ sensible and serious. they can do that it— sensible and serious. they can do that. , ., ., ., , ., ., that. it is a moral imperative for them and _ that. it is a moral imperative for them and also _ that. it is a moral imperative for them and also a _ that. it is a moral imperative for them and also a moral- that. it is a moral imperative for. them and also a moral imperative that. it is a moral imperative for- them and also a moral imperative for each and every one of us and there was an interesting poll this morning and the majority of people are in line with the targets the prime minister is setting out but when you ask if they are asked to pay the price, only 7% would say a family like theirs should pick up the cost, and it will cost. it like theirs should pick up the cost, and it will cost.— and it will cost. it will cost a lane and it will cost. it will cost a large sum — and it will cost. it will cost a large sum of _ and it will cost. it will cost a large sum of money. - and it will cost. it will cost a large sum of money. to - and it will cost. it will cost a large sum of money. to put| and it will cost. it will cost a i large sum of money. to put it and it will cost. it will cost a - large sum of money. to put it into perspective. — large sum of money. to put it into perspective, in 2008, when the banks run into— perspective, in 2008, when the banks run into trouble, they were propped up run into trouble, they were propped up around _ run into trouble, they were propped up around the world with well in excess — up around the world with well in excess of— up around the world with well in excess of $1 trillion and that was done _ excess of $1 trillion and that was done in _ excess of $1 trillion and that was done in a _ excess of $1 trillion and that was done in a matter of two or three months — done in a matter of two or three months. we are talking here about every— months. we are talking here about every single human person on the globe, _ every single human person on the globe, every single bit of biodiversity, about chaos or life, life or _ biodiversity, about chaos or life, life or death, and an infinitely greater— life or death, and an infinitely greater problem, so if we could manage — greater problem, so if we could manage that in 2008, we can manage it now, _ manage that in 2008, we can manage it now. and _ manage that in 2008, we can manage it now. and if— manage that in 2008, we can manage it now, and if we want hope for our children— it now, and if we want hope for our children and — it now, and if we want hope for our children and grandchildren, we need to live _ children and grandchildren, we need to live in _ children and grandchildren, we need to live in a _ children and grandchildren, we need to live in a stable and sensible world — to live in a stable and sensible world where they can relate to people — world where they can relate to people whether or not existential threats, — people whether or not existential threats, then we need to do it. if you put— threats, then we need to do it. if you put it — threats, then we need to do it. if you put it to— threats, then we need to do it. if you put it to people that way, they say, you put it to people that way, they say. yes, _ you put it to people that way, they say, yes, that is web spending money on. . ., ., ., , ., on. the church of england has an enormous _ on. the church of england has an enormous amount _ on. the church of england has an enormous amount of— on. the church of england has an enormous amount of money - on. the church of england has an l enormous amount of money under management, could you hand on heart say that the church is divesting away from fossil fuel exploration and the finance of fossil fuels? ida. and the finance of fossil fuels? no. we have diverted away from coal because — we have diverted away from coal because you cannot have clean coal and we _ because you cannot have clean coal and we have put together a coalition of fund _ and we have put together a coalition of fund managers which we chair called _ of fund managers which we chair called the — of fund managers which we chair called the transition pathway initiative with measurements set up by the _ initiative with measurements set up by the lse _ initiative with measurements set up by the lse which has about $30 trillion _ by the lse which has about $30 trillion under management. we are engaging _ trillion under management. we are engaging with churches believing conversion, — engaging with churches believing conversion, believe it or not the are engaging with the leaders of not only the _ are engaging with the leaders of not only the oil companies but many other— only the oil companies but many other companies, 10,000 around the world, _ other companies, 10,000 around the world, and _ other companies, 10,000 around the world, and the ones that are not moving — world, and the ones that are not moving towards zero carbon at a realistic— moving towards zero carbon at a realistic pace and at measured targets, — realistic pace and at measured targets, we divest from. that is controversial? _ targets, we divest from. that is controversial? people _ targets, we divest from. that is controversial? people have - targets, we divest from. that is l controversial? people have stuck controversial7 people have stuck themselves at your door in that stance but you save the power of the money that you have, besides hope and prayer, is actually a pressure that can work?— and prayer, is actually a pressure that can work? , . that can work? yes. the evidence we have seen with _ that can work? yes. the evidence we have seen with some _ that can work? yes. the evidence we have seen with some of— that can work? yes. the evidence we have seen with some of the - that can work? yes. the evidence we have seen with some of the bigger i have seen with some of the bigger companies — have seen with some of the bigger companies is the attitudes are changing — companies is the attitudes are changing because a company is not a thing _ changing because a company is not a thing it— changing because a company is not a thing it is— changing because a company is not a thing. it is made up of people who themselves look at future generations and read the paper and look at _ generations and read the paper and look at the — generations and read the paper and look at the science. and they say, unless— look at the science. and they say, unless we — look at the science. and they say, unless we do something, it is not 'ust unless we do something, it is not just about — unless we do something, it is not just about the company, but about the things— just about the company, but about the things they value, their families, _ the things they value, their families, their lives, the future. does _ families, their lives, the future. does it— families, their lives, the future. does it make a difference when you walk into the room, many years ago you worked in the industry, you were part of it, part of the oil industry, does it help when you walk into a room in a way that they can't pull the wool over your eyes? because you understand it. i am alwa s because you understand it. i am always careful _ because you understand it. i am always careful about _ because you understand it. i am always careful about saying that people — always careful about saying that people are not pulling the wool over my eyes _ people are not pulling the wool over my eyes because i'm probably more na ve _ my eyes because i'm probably more na ve than— my eyes because i'm probably more na ve than i— my eyes because i'm probably more na ve than i think but with then i do speak— na ve than i think but with then i do speak the language. i do realise they are _ do speak the language. i do realise they are human beings and not enemies — they are human beings and not enemies i_ they are human beings and not enemies. i do care for them but i care _ enemies. i do care for them but i care for— enemies. i do care for them but i care for what they are doing and they know— care for what they are doing and they know that which means we can have very _ they know that which means we can have very positive and good conversations. as have very positive and good conversations.— have very positive and good conversations. a . , ., ., conversations. as a christian man, knowin: conversations. as a christian man, knowing the _ conversations. as a christian man, knowing the damage _ conversations. as a christian man, knowing the damage that - conversations. as a christian man, knowing the damage that has - conversations. as a christian man, | knowing the damage that has been raped by the oil 7 knowing the damage that has been caused by the oil and gas industries, do you regret that? i wish we had started to do 30 years a-o wish we had started to do 30 years ago what _ wish we had started to do 30 years ago what we are doing now, then we would _ ago what we are doing now, then we would have _ ago what we are doing now, then we would have been in a very different place. _ would have been in a very different place. that— would have been in a very different place, that is what i regret. thanks for 'oinin: place, that is what i regret. thanks forjoining us- _ place, that is what i regret. thanks forjoining us- i— place, that is what i regret. thanks forjoining us. i should _ place, that is what i regret. thanks forjoining us. i should say, - place, that is what i regret. thanks forjoining us. i should say, the - forjoining us. i should say, the archbishop was queueing this morning with me, there were droves of people trying to get into the blue zone, but our patience paid off. it is very good _ but our patience paid off. it is very good to _ but our patience paid off. it is very good to see _ but our patience paid off. it is very good to see you. - but our patience paid off. it is very good to see you. now i but our patience paid off. it is l very good to see you. now back but our patience paid off. it is - very good to see you. now back to the studio- — very good to see you. now back to the studio. thanks _ very good to see you. now back to the studio. thanks for _ very good to see you. now back to the studio. thanks forjoining - very good to see you. now back to the studio. thanks forjoining us. ij the studio. thanks for 'oining us. i have seen lots h the studio. thanks for 'oining us. i have seen lots of h the studio. thanks forjoining us. i have seen lots of pictures - the studio. thanks forjoining us. i have seen lots of pictures of - the studio. thanks forjoining us. ii have seen lots of pictures of people queueing and patience is definitely a good attribute when it comes to dealing with climate change, although a lot of people say it is now time to act and move and the time for patients is over. the london mayor sadiq khan's new ultra low emissions zone expansion has seen the scheme stretch from central london to all roads in the north and south circular. tell us about what c40 is? one of the thins tell us about what c40 is? one of the things we _ tell us about what c40 is? one of the things we know _ tell us about what c40 is? one of the things we know from - tell us about what c40 is? one of the things we know from the - tell us about what c40 is? one of. the things we know from the united nations is more than half of the world's population currently lives in cities and that is going in one direction, it will be two thirds over the course of the next 20 years, so it cities do not want to be a problem when it comes to the climate emergency. they want to be the solution. c40 represents almost a hundred cities across the globe from los angeles to london, from paris to barcelona, a population of more than 700 million and we are responsible for more than a quarter of the global economy and we are desperate for there to be meaningful change when it comes to fixing the climate crisis. we are doing lots of things in our respective cities. los angeles, london, barcelona. we need our national leaders to step up, so we arejoining with our national leaders to step up, so we are joining with civic society and faith leaders and trade unions and faith leaders and trade unions and community groups, in glasgow, to put pressure on governments to do the right thing. by, put pressure on governments to do the right thing-— the right thing. a lot of emotion listenin: the right thing. a lot of emotion listening to _ the right thing. a lot of emotion listening to the _ the right thing. a lot of emotion listening to the opening - the right thing. a lot of emotion i listening to the opening speeches and we were chatting a moment ago about how you translate that into concrete steps. what you think of the uk government's effort climate change so far question 7 what do you think. there has been a raft of new initiatives announced in the days and weeks ahead of cop26. i have s-ueakin and weeks ahead of cop26. i have speaking during — and weeks ahead of cop26. i have speaking during been _ and weeks ahead of cop26. i have speaking during been speaking - and weeks ahead of cop26. i have speaking during been speaking to | and weeks ahead of cop26. i use: speaking during been speaking to the 7 i have been speaking to colleagues who worked on the previous cop in paris and they said there was a lot of work by the french government before that a cop but unfortunately our government has not done that kind of work but the prime list has been very clear with his commitment to net zero and what we need is to get what has happened in the past, we need borisjohnson to be lobbying and persuading and charming leaders across the globe for this cop to be across the globe for this cop to be a success, because we can't afford for this cop to be a failure. boris johnson is a massive responsibility and this is a good example as us being on the same side as the british covenant because the planet is too important to use this as a political football 7 is too important to use this as a politicalfootball 7 british government. political football ? british government.— political football ? british government. political football ? british rovernment. ., , , government. you believe in his commitment? _ government. you believe in his commitment? i'm _ government. you believe in his commitment? i'm not- government. you believe in his commitment? i'm not sure - government. you believe in his commitment? i'm not sure i i government. you believe in his- commitment? i'm not sure i would have done — commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a _ commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a year— commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a year ago _ commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a year ago but - commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a year ago but in - commitment? i'm not sure i would have done a year ago but in the - commitment? i'm not sure i would | have done a year ago but in the last few weeks we have shown that he wants glasgow to be a success but he has got to walk the walk. he is very good at talking and quite good at taking a picture but we now need to see him being good at detail and that means speaking to the leaders in india and china and russia, usa, our european friends, our closest allies, but also the global south. they hold us with suspicion because our government chose to remove the commitment to 0.7% of our gdp being given to the poorest countries. now it's time for borisjohnson to walk the walk. i took the electric bus here this morning. i spoke to the driver were not while he was driving the bus, but he was telling me what a difference those buses are making to air quality here in glasgow. talk to us about what you are doing in london to contribute to tackling climate change? this london to contribute to tackling climate change?— london to contribute to tackling climate change? this crisis, this challenae climate change? this crisis, this challenge of— climate change? this crisis, this challenge of climate _ climate change? this crisis, this challenge of climate change, - challenge of climate change, provides an opportunity. not to just reduce carbon emissions but to create jobs, reduce carbon emissions but to createjobs, wealth reduce carbon emissions but to create jobs, wealth and reduce carbon emissions but to createjobs, wealth and prosperity in london. we now have the largest number of electric buses of any city in western europe, but those buses are made across the country, in falkirk, in ballymena, in scarborough, in yorkshire. so by identifying our buses in europe, we are cleaning up our air, but also creating jobs across the country. a quarter of our taxis are electric, a third of the country's electric charging points are in london. the world's first ultralow emission zone. that has reduced the toxicity in the centre of our city by half. the move to electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, cannot come quickly enough because there is still a lot of pollution in the air, isn't there? ~ , , of pollution in the air, isn't there? ~ , ., �* of pollution in the air, isn't there? , ., , there? absolutely. you can't see it, it is invisible. _ there? absolutely. you can't see it, it is invisible. the _ there? absolutely. you can't see it, it is invisible. the egg _ there? absolutely. you can't see it, it is invisible. the egg quality - it is invisible. the egg quality leads to thousands of premature deaths, children having stunted lungs, asthma, cancer, dementia, it is invisible. that is why tackling the climate emergency and air pollution not only is important for our planet now but it leads to potentiallyjobs, wealth and prosperity. we have to look at it with optimism and hope. i prosperity. we have to look at it with optimism and hope.- prosperity. we have to look at it with optimism and hope. i want to talk about your _ with optimism and hope. i want to talk about your relationship - with optimism and hope. i want to talk about your relationship with i talk about your relationship with the city of london. 0ne talk about your relationship with the city of london. one thing that is emerging is the role of private finance in helping to deal with climate change. the un secretary spoke about setting up a scheme to measure how non—state actors, the big global corporations, banks and so on, are doing. they may have a green agenda, but he wants to make sure it is not green washing, that they are making change. so what are you doing to try and make sure that the city of london is on board with that question mark i was there last night with the key players and i think they mean it. the night with the key players and i think they mean it.— night with the key players and i think they mean it. the big players in the private _ think they mean it. the big players in the private sector— think they mean it. the big players in the private sector want - think they mean it. the big players in the private sector want to - in the private sector want to transition to zero carbon, but investing it as well. in london, are divesting away from our pensions being invested in fossilfuels. moving to investing in renewables. the green economy in london is worth more than manufacturing and construction added together, £48 billion a year. we want to double that in the next eight or nine years. we have more than 300,000 jobs in the green economy in london, we want to double that in the next period. think about the jobs we can create in retrofitting homes, in investing in homes and buildings and electric vehicle charging points. that is a far smarter investment than fossil fuels.— than fossil fuels. how much will londoners. _ than fossil fuels. how much will londoners, and _ than fossil fuels. how much will londoners, and it _ than fossil fuels. how much will londoners, and it comes - than fossil fuels. how much will londoners, and it comes to - than fossil fuels. how much will londoners, and it comes to a i londoners, and it comes to a question of convenience, people support the aims of tackling climate change but they don't want to be inconvenienced, we have seen that with regard to the insulated britain protests. people having to prove they have insulated their homes if they have insulated their homes if they want to put it on the market. you think that people are up for the challenge, the inconvenience, the cost of contributing towards this? the transition from a higher carbon country economy and planet has to be a just one. that means governments subsidising those who need support, but also the private sector, who have done really well from fossil fuels, subsidising the transition. it is not fairfor fuels, subsidising the transition. it is not fair for poor fuels, subsidising the transition. it is not fairfor poor and low income families, for small businesses to carry an unfair burden when it comes to the transition. so in london, for example, we are supporting those in social homes to have their homes insulated. it means their homes are emitting fewer greenhouse emissions, their bills are lower, but it is creating jobs as well. we cannot do it alone as a city, we need the support of our government. but our government cannot do it alone, it needs the support of the countries here to come together.— support of the countries here to come together. support of the countries here to come touether. ~ . , , . come together. what will represent a successful summit? _ come together. what will represent a successful summit? paris _ come together. what will represent a successful summit? paris set - come together. what will represent a successful summit? paris set out - successful summit? paris set out what needs _ successful summit? paris set out what needs to — successful summit? paris set out what needs to happen, _ successful summit? paris set out what needs to happen, i - successful summit? paris set out what needs to happen, i think . successful summit? paris set out i what needs to happen, i think that glasgow needs to set out what will happen now. we need to see tangible evidence at the end of cop 26 of how the road map works. what actions will be taken this year, next year, over the course of the next five years, so that 1.5 stays alive. remind me of when london aims to be carbon neutral? brute remind me of when london aims to be carbon neutral?— carbon neutral? we are aiming for 2030, and — carbon neutral? we are aiming for 2030, and we — carbon neutral? we are aiming for 2030, and we are _ carbon neutral? we are aiming for 2030, and we are glad _ carbon neutral? we are aiming for 2030, and we are glad that - carbon neutral? we are aiming for. 2030, and we are glad that glasgow was copying us. i 2030, and we are glad that glasgow was copying us— was copying us. i think they would sa that was copying us. i think they would say that you _ was copying us. i think they would say that you are — was copying us. i think they would say that you are copying _ was copying us. i think they would say that you are copying then, - was copying us. i think they would say that you are copying then, but we will put that to somebody from the city. thank you for your time. let's take a look outside of the protest pictures we were showing earlier stop the protesters there. let's see if we can spot greta thunberg. she is holding onto that blue banner. 0utside thunberg. she is holding onto that blue banner. outside the main venue, not inside, but we have been hearing from lots of young climate campaigners at the opening ceremony. we are hearing that youth climate activists the rainbow warrior have been granted permission to sail to cop 26. the scottish police are looking for ways to facilitate the arrival of four youth climate activists on board the iconic rainbow warrior ship, activists on board the iconic rainbow warriorship, having previously been told they would not be able to sail. we are now learning that they will be sailing to cop 26. rainbow warrior has been given permission to sail. a request on saturday night by the ship's captain to birth outside the city has been accepted. the young campaigners outside, ten free macro among them, want to make sure that their voices are heard. they are being referenced in speeches by leaders everywhere here in glasgow. —— greta thunberg among them. he with me in the studio once again is our reality check, respondent, chris morris. we spoke a little earlier about the role of activists, young or otherwise, and they have really come into their own. this is their moment, isn't it? greta thunberg is known across the world for a number of years now, for her activism. how much do you think the leaders are listening to them question mark there is a moral imperative, isn't there? there is. i think they are listening. the fact that boris quoted her in his speech. it shows that the message is getting through. they have made a significant difference in the last few years since the paris summit in 2015. especially in the younger generation, the school strikes were climate, the fact that the next generation are saying, this is the planet we will inherit. we have seen some striking language during this opening session. we are digging our own graves, said the you're —— said the un secretary—general. you cannot get more stark than that. we will keep hearing this number, 1.5 degrees, the limit to which they hope to the temperature rise beyond preindustrial levels full stop we have already reached 1.1 or 1.2 degrees. even with current pledges made to the united nations from individual countries, we are heading 40.7 degrees, possibly lower —— for 2.7 degrees. brute 40.7 degrees, possibly lower -- for 2-7 degrees-— 2.7 degrees. we are still way above where the scientists _ 2.7 degrees. we are still way above where the scientists say _ 2.7 degrees. we are still way above where the scientists say we - 2.7 degrees. we are still way above where the scientists say we need i 2.7 degrees. we are still way above where the scientists say we need to be. i think it was the prince of wales, i am trying to remove the precise details from the various speeches, we have had a lot of them. i am looking at my notes, it was prince charles, if there are enough investments at scale... the role of big business will be fundamental to the success of this. it is interesting. _ the success of this. it is interesting. we - the success of this. it is interesting. we talked i the success of this. it 3 interesting. we talked about the climate activists, there is pressure from below within the system saying there is a demand from change, there is also the pressure from above coming down from big businesses. some of them perhaps don't want to change quite so quickly, but others see an opportunity. that change quite so quickly, but others see an opportunity.— change quite so quickly, but others see an opportunity. at many of their shareholders — see an opportunity. at many of their shareholders do. _ see an opportunity. at many of their shareholders do. many _ see an opportunity. at many of theirj shareholders do. many shareholders are insisting — shareholders do. many shareholders are insisting that _ shareholders do. many shareholders are insisting that they _ shareholders do. many shareholders are insisting that they must - shareholders do. many shareholders are insisting that they must take - are insisting that they must take the moral imperative, or in some cases they see the fact that going green more quickly than others will enable them to... green more quickly than others will enable them to. . ._ enable them to... sorry to interrupts. _ enable them to... sorry to interrupts, we _ enable them to... sorry to interrupts, we are - enable them to... sorry to interrupts, we are going . enable them to... sorry to | interrupts, we are going to enable them to... sorry to - interrupts, we are going to hear now from the president of cop. there interrupts, we are going to hear now from the president of cop.— from the president of cop. there is a three-minute _ from the president of cop. there is a three-minute time-limit - from the president of cop. there is a three-minute time-limit for- a three—minute time—limit for statements during the high—level segment. statements should be as concise _ segment. statements should be as concise as — segment. statements should be as concise as possible, noting that full texts — concise as possible, noting that full texts of the official statements will be made available on the website. finally, please note that heads of state or government who are _ that heads of state or government who are not in the plenary at the time _ who are not in the plenary at the time for— who are not in the plenary at the time for their statements will be rescheduled to speak at the end of all statements of the same category. as part— all statements of the same category. as part of— all statements of the same category. as part of the hygiene measures to ensure _ as part of the hygiene measures to ensure a _ as part of the hygiene measures to ensure a safe environment of all participants, statements will be delivered from alternate rostrum is. distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, honoured guests, i distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, honoured guests, lam delighted _ gentlemen, honoured guests, lam delighted that so many of you have joined _ delighted that so many of you have joined us _ delighted that so many of you have joined us here in glasgow to make your vital— joined us here in glasgow to make your vital national statements. i invite _ your vital national statements. i invite you — your vital national statements. i invite you all to take this opportunity to demonstrate how your country _ opportunity to demonstrate how your country has _ opportunity to demonstrate how your country has strengthened its commitments under the paris agreement, to tell us what steps you are taking _ agreement, to tell us what steps you are taking to deliver these targets and plans, — are taking to deliver these targets and plans, and crucially how, together, _ and plans, and crucially how, together, we can do more. on the stage _ together, we can do more. on the stage today, you have the chance to send a _ stage today, you have the chance to send a clear— stage today, you have the chance to send a clear signal to your negotiators and the world about what must be _ negotiators and the world about what must be achieved at cop 26. and why we must _ must be achieved at cop 26. and why we must work together to accelerate climate _ we must work together to accelerate climate action in this decisive decade — climate action in this decisive decade. as you all know, the science is clear. _ decade. as you all know, the science is clear. that — decade. as you all know, the science is clear, that the window were time we have _ is clear, that the window were time we have two— is clear, that the window were time we have two keep the paris temperature goal in reach and to avoid _ temperature goal in reach and to avoid the — temperature goal in reach and to avoid the worst effects of climate change. — avoid the worst effects of climate change. is — avoid the worst effects of climate change, is closing. fast. but with political— change, is closing. fast. but with political will and commitment, we can add _ political will and commitment, we can add must deliver an outcome in glasgow— can add must deliver an outcome in glasgow the world can be proud of. i'm glasgow the world can be proud of. im also— glasgow the world can be proud of. i'm also pleased that, after the national— i'm also pleased that, after the national statements today, adding breaks— national statements today, adding breaks in— national statements today, adding breaks in the programme tomorrow, we will hear— breaks in the programme tomorrow, we will hear from a selection of leading _ will hear from a selection of leading voices across civil society, business — leading voices across civil society, business and finance to celebrate and showcase action and ambition across— and showcase action and ambition across all— and showcase action and ambition across all three pillars of the paris — across all three pillars of the paris agreement. at this time, i will now— paris agreement. at this time, i will now close the video link connecting the plenary is, and we will proceed with a delivery of national— will proceed with a delivery of national statements in both. at the end of— national statements in both. at the end of national statements, the meeting — end of national statements, the meeting will be adjourned. the world will be _ meeting will be adjourned. the world will be listening intently to your statements. it is now my great pleasure — statements. it is now my great pleasure to welcome his excellency, mr pedro _ pleasure to welcome his excellency, mr pedro sanchez, president of the government of spain. your excellency, you have the floor. the president of cop opening this next section of the world leader's summit. we will hear a series of speeches, including coming up this afternoon joe speeches, including coming up this afternoonjoe biden, we will also hearfrom emanuel macron afternoonjoe biden, we will also hear from emanuel macron of france, from leaders from perhaps not the leaders who attract most of the world's media attention, but leaders of states like the seychelles, which is threatened by rising sea levels. usually important to hear their voices because climate justice is a big theme of this cop 26. let's begin talking more about climate justice withjohn gold tooth. very good to have you with us. tell us more about the network and what you do. well, our network is 30 years old, and we were formed at a time when we really needed to lift up the voices of indigenous people and indigenous nations to fight for environmental justice in an environmental racism frame. we are still doing that. we are fighting for our rights. we are here again, i personally have been involved with these since 1998. so we have been in these hallways, seeing a lot of business as usual. so here regardless criticaljunction of the cop 26, and it will be very historic. whether on not these world leaders will get us to a place where we need to go globally to save mother earth, to protect our people. it is a human issue, it is an indigenous rights issue, but also a mother earth issue. bhd indigenous rights issue, but also a mother earth issue. and indigenous eo - le's mother earth issue. and indigenous people's around _ mother earth issue. and indigenous people's around the _ mother earth issue. and indigenous people's around the world, - mother earth issue. and indigenous people's around the world, we - mother earth issue. and indigenous| people's around the world, we heard that nature has the answer to so many of the questions being posed to us now. the indigenous people are perhaps closer to those answers than many others who have become separated, if you like, from nature? yes, yes. for us, you know, our delegations come in from the united states and for our us based indigenous communities and our nations, you know, we are concerned about our president biden, who is coming to glasgow as a promise breaker. he made a lot of commitments and he violated those. he said that... he said debbie would not have leasing of lands to private companies, but i have a pipeline through my backyard in minnesota, and also failed to stop another pipeline when his illustration found that an environmental review process was flawed. but he did not shut it down. so we are concerned with his ongoing supercharged effort by the biden administration to continue oil and gas leasing of public lands and waters. so, from ourfront lines, we have water protectors who are here. we have other activists we are networking with. we are here to lift up networking with. we are here to lift up our voice to reject big oil, there lies, and ban federal oil and gas leasing and stop these climate. is that only —— these claims. the is that only -- these claims. the oil company _ is that only -- these claims. the oil company civil— is that only -- these claims. the oil company civil say _ is that only —— these claims. the oil company civil say they are in a transition period, activists say they are green washing, saying the right words but not following through with actions. it has been debated again and again. we are expecting to hearfrom president biden soon here in glasgow, but we are respecting him to talk about us wide solutions. he talks about it all working together to try to bring down the carbon footprint of the usa, to reach those goals of net zero, and keeping the global average temperature below an increase of 1.5 degrees. the us is such a diverse country, do you think people from all walks of life in the us are ready to listen to president biden and work towards those goals? well, one thing that we are pushing as as indigenous people is that there needs to be meaningful participation in all levels of what the administration is pushing. we are demanding that there be community meetings, and we need to make sure our front line, meetings, and we need to make sure ourfront line, our meetings, and we need to make sure our front line, our grassroots, our communities are involved. another thing that we are hearing is the need for the world to re—evaluate this relationship to the sacredness of mother earth. we are here to lift up, why are we opposed to the financial eyes asian —— the monetising of nature, even conservation sites. that is part of a market system, this industry. it is the polluters who are paying for those offsets. those are permits that are given to the polluters. what is up with that? that the polluters are the ones who are getting off the hook to green washing question mark we are demanding ethics and demanding that there be a climate emergency and to keep fossil fuels there be a climate emergency and to keep fossilfuels in there be a climate emergency and to keep fossil fuels in the ground. make that transition for a rapid reduction. we need that, the world needs that, and of honourable communities of the world —— the vulnerable communities of the world. we need our needs to be recognised. thank you for your time. angela merkel is speaking in her last translation: in merkel is speaking in her last translation:— merkel is speaking in her last translation: in this decisive decade, translation: in this decisive decade. be — translation: in this decisive decade, be more _ translation: in this decisive decade, be more ambitious i translation: in this decisive j decade, be more ambitious on translation: in this decisive - decade, be more ambitious on the national— decade, be more ambitious on the national scale, but develop instruments globally that do not mean _ instruments globally that do not mean that we spend taxpayers money, but also _ mean that we spend taxpayers money, but also makes sense in economic terms _ but also makes sense in economic terms that — but also makes sense in economic terms. that is, as i see it, putting a price _ terms. that is, as i see it, putting a price on— terms. that is, as i see it, putting a price on c02 emissions. thank you. sojust_ a price on c02 emissions. thank you. sojust catching the a price on c02 emissions. thank you. so just catching the end a price on c02 emissions. thank you. sojust catching the end of a price on c02 emissions. thank you. so just catching the end of that speech from chancellor angela merkel. we are expecting many more speeches throughout the afternoon, which we will be dipping into key moments from. let's take a look at some pictures of the protests outside the main venue here. this is one in which greta thunberg is involved. live pictures here. you can see her in the middle of your shot, to the right of that blue banner, saying enough is enough. there are many and diverse groups of protesters here, not necessarily protesting on the subject of climate, some protesting at the presence of other participants. let's look now at what prince charles, the air to the british throne, had to say earlier when he addressed the world leaders during the opening ceremony. he stressed the opening ceremony. he stressed the urgency of dealing with the climate crisis, and he used a really striking phrase, he set a warlike footing is needed to tackle it. we have to reduce emissions urgently, and take action to tackle the carbon already in the atmosphere, including from coal—fired power stations. putting a value on carbon does make carbon capture more viable, is therefore critical. similarly, after billions of years of evolution, nature is our best teacher. in this regard, restoring natural capital, accelerating nature —based solutions and leveraging the bio economy will be vital to our efforts. as we tackle this crisis, our efforts cannot be a series of independent initiatives running in parallel. the scale and scope of the threat we face call for a global systems level solution, based on radically transforming our current fossil fuel based economy, to one which is genuinely renewable and sustainable. so, ladies and gentlemen, my plea todayis so, ladies and gentlemen, my plea today is for countries to come together to create the environment that enables every sector of industry to take the action required. we know this will take trillions, not billions of dollars. we also know that countries, many of whom are burdened by growing levels of debt, simply cannot afford to go green. here we need a vast military style campaign to marshal the strength of the global private sector, with trillions at its disposal, far beyond... prince charles, the prince of wales, speaking earlier at the opening ceremony. let's listen now to the president of the united states, joe biden. irate president of the united states, joe biden. ~ ., ., , ., biden. we need to raise to meet the task that is — biden. we need to raise to meet the task that is rapidly _ biden. we need to raise to meet the task that is rapidly narrowing. - biden. we need to raise to meet the task that is rapidly narrowing. this l task that is rapidly narrowing. this is a decisive — task that is rapidly narrowing. this is a decisive decade in which we have _ is a decisive decade in which we have an — is a decisive decade in which we have an opportunity to prove ourselves. we can keep the goal of limiting _ ourselves. we can keep the goal of limiting global warming tojust 1.5 degrees _ limiting global warming tojust 1.5 degrees celsius within our reach if we come — degrees celsius within our reach if we come together. if we commit to doing _ we come together. if we commit to doing our— we come together. if we commit to doing our part of each foundations with determination and with ambition. that is what cop 26 is all about _ ambition. that is what cop 26 is all about. glasgow must be the kick off of a decade of ambition, of innovation, to preserve our shared future _ innovation, to preserve our shared future. climate change is already ravaging — future. climate change is already ravaging the world. we have heard from _ ravaging the world. we have heard from many— ravaging the world. we have heard from many speakers. it is not hypothetical, it is destroying people's lives and livelihoods, and doing _ people's lives and livelihoods, and doing it _ people's lives and livelihoods, and doing it every day. it is costing our nations— doing it every day. it is costing our nations trillions of dollars. record — our nations trillions of dollars. record heat and drought, fuelling more _ record heat and drought, fuelling more widespread and more intense wildfires. _ more widespread and more intense wildfires, and more crop failures. more _ wildfires, and more crop failures. more flooding. what used to be once in a century— more flooding. what used to be once in a century storms are happening every— in a century storms are happening every few— in a century storms are happening every few years. in the past few months. — every few years. in the past few months, the united states has experienced all of this, and every region— experienced all of this, and every region of— experienced all of this, and every region of the world can tell similar stories _ region of the world can tell similar stories in— region of the world can tell similar stories. in an age where this pandemic— stories. in an age where this pandemic has made so painfully clear that no— pandemic has made so painfully clear that no nation can one itself of from _ that no nation can one itself of from borderless threats, we know that none — from borderless threats, we know that none of us can escape the worst but is _ that none of us can escape the worst but is yet _ that none of us can escape the worst but is yet to— that none of us can escape the worst but is yet to come if we fail to seize — but is yet to come if we fail to seize this— but is yet to come if we fail to seize this moment. ladies and gentlemen, within a growing catastrophe, i believe there is an incredible — catastrophe, i believe there is an incredible opportunity. notjust for the united states but for all of us. we are _ the united states but for all of us. we are standing at an inflection point _ we are standing at an inflection point of— we are standing at an inflection point of history. we have the ability— point of history. we have the ability to— point of history. we have the ability to invest in ourselves and build _ ability to invest in ourselves and build an— ability to invest in ourselves and build an equitable clean energy future — build an equitable clean energy future and in the process create millions — future and in the process create millions of— future and in the process create millions of good paying jobs and opportunities around the world. cleaner— opportunities around the world. cleaner air for our children, opportunities around the world. cleanerairfor our children, more cleaner air for our children, more bountiful— cleaner air for our children, more bountiful oceans, healthy cleanerairfor our children, more bountiful oceans, healthy forests and ecosystems for our planet. we can create — and ecosystems for our planet. we can create an environment that raises — can create an environment that raises a — can create an environment that raises a standard of living around the world — raises a standard of living around the world. this is a moral imperative, but also an economic imperative — imperative, but also an economic imperative. if we fuel greater growth, — imperative. if we fuel greater growth, newjobs, better opportunities for all our people, then— opportunities for all our people, then as — opportunities for all our people, then as we see current volatility in energy— then as we see current volatility in energy prices, rather than a reason to back— energy prices, rather than a reason to back off— energy prices, rather than a reason to back off our clean energy goals, we can— to back off our clean energy goals, we can use — to back off our clean energy goals, we can use it as a call to action. i energy— we can use it as a call to action. i energy prices only reinforce that there _ energy prices only reinforce that there is— energy prices only reinforce that there is a — energy prices only reinforce that there is a need to diversify sources, _ there is a need to diversify sources, double down on clean energy development, and adapt promising new clean energy technologies so we cannot _ clean energy technologies so we cannot remain only relied on one source _ cannot remain only relied on one source of— cannot remain only relied on one source of power for our communities. this is— source of power for our communities. this is a _ source of power for our communities. this is a chance, in my view, to make _ this is a chance, in my view, to make a — this is a chance, in my view, to make a generational investment in our economic resilience and in our workers _ our economic resilience and in our workers and — our economic resilience and in our workers and our communities throughout the world. that is what we will _ throughout the world. that is what we will do — throughout the world. that is what we will do in the united states. my build back— we will do in the united states. my build back better framework will make _ build back better framework will make historic investment in clean energy. _ make historic investment in clean energy, the most significant to deal with the _ energy, the most significant to deal with the climate crisis that any advanced — with the climate crisis that any advanced nation has ever made. we will cut— advanced nation has ever made. we will cut greenhouse emissions by gigaton— will cut greenhouse emissions by gigaton by 2030, while making it more _ gigaton by 2030, while making it more affordable for consumers to save on _ more affordable for consumers to save on their energy bills. installing solar panels, whether arising — installing solar panels, whether arising the homes, lowering energy prices _ arising the homes, lowering energy prices will— arising the homes, lowering energy prices will also deliver cleaner air and water— prices will also deliver cleaner air and water for our children, electrifying pleats of school buses, increasing — electrifying pleats of school buses, increasing credits for electric vehicles _ increasing credits for electric vehicles and addressing legacy pollution. it will incentivise clean energy— pollution. it will incentivise clean energy solutions, solar panels and wind turbines, which will create good _ wind turbines, which will create good jobs — wind turbines, which will create good jobs for american workers, and something _ good jobs for american workers, and something that none of us should lose sight— something that none of us should lose sight of. i talked to the american people about climate change. — american people about climate change. i— american people about climate change, i tell them american people about climate change, itellthem it american people about climate change, i tell them it is about workers — change, i tell them it is about workers who will lay thousands of miles— workers who will lay thousands of miles of— workers who will lay thousands of miles of transmission lines for a resilient — miles of transmission lines for a resilient power grid. the workers who will— resilient power grid. the workers who will build the next generation of electric— who will build the next generation of electric cars, and the attrition to set— of electric cars, and the attrition to set up— of electric cars, and the attrition to set up powers points around the country _ to set up powers points around the country. and the construction workers — country. and the construction workers who will make all of that a reality _ workers who will make all of that a reality the — workers who will make all of that a reality. the pharmacy will not only help fight — reality. the pharmacy will not only help fight global hunger but use the soil to _ help fight global hunger but use the soil to fight climate change. the communities that revitalise themselves around new industries and opportunities. because we are taking all these _ opportunities. because we are taking all these actions, the united states will be _ all these actions, the united states will be able to meet the emissions target _ will be able to meet the emissions target i _ will be able to meet the emissions target i set back in april, reducing us emissions by 52% below 2005 levels _ us emissions by 52% below 2005 levels by— us emissions by 52% below 2005 levels by 2030. we will demonstrate that we are back at the _ we will demonstrate that we are back at the table but hopefully leading by the _ at the table but hopefully leading by the power of our example. i know it hasnt— by the power of our example. i know it hasn't been the case and that is why it _ it hasn't been the case and that is why it might administration is working — why it might administration is working overtime to show that our climate _ working overtime to show that our climate commitment is action and not words _ climate commitment is action and not words on_ climate commitment is action and not words. on my first day in office i took— words. on my first day in office i took action— words. on my first day in office i took action and returned united states— took action and returned united states to — took action and returned united states to the paris agreement and since _ states to the paris agreement and since then— states to the paris agreement and since then we have been hard at work on unlocking — since then we have been hard at work on unlocking clean energy breakthroughs and to drive down the cost of _ breakthroughs and to drive down the cost of technologies that require us to use _ cost of technologies that require us to use them to achieve net zero and working _ to use them to achieve net zero and working with the private sector and the next _ working with the private sector and the next generation of technologies to power— the next generation of technologies to power clean economies of the future _ to power clean economies of the future. 0ver to power clean economies of the future. over the next few days we will be _ future. over the next few days we will be announcing new initiatives to demonstrate our commitment to providing _ to demonstrate our commitment to providing innovation and solutions across— providing innovation and solutions across multiple sectors from agriculture to oil and gas, to combating deforestation, to tackling industries _ combating deforestation, to tackling industries. we are planning for both short-term — industries. we are planning for both short—term sprint to 2030 that will keep 15— short—term sprint to 2030 that will keep 1.5 celsius in reach and for a marathon— keep 1.5 celsius in reach and for a marathon that will take us to the finish _ marathon that will take us to the finish line — marathon that will take us to the finish line and transform the largest— finish line and transform the largest economy in the world into a thriving _ largest economy in the world into a thriving and innovative equitable and just— thriving and innovative equitable and just clean energy engine for a net zero _ and just clean energy engine for a net zero world and that is why today i'm releasing the long term strategy for the _ i'm releasing the long term strategy for the us— i'm releasing the long term strategy for the us which presents a vision of achieving the united states goal of achieving the united states goal of net _ of achieving the united states goal of net zero emissions economy wide bite no— of net zero emissions economy wide bite no later than 2050. it reinforces a ? the critical nature of taken — reinforces a ? the critical nature of taken bold action. we are trying to do— of taken bold action. we are trying to do our— of taken bold action. we are trying to do our part when it comes to helping — to do our part when it comes to helping the rest of the world take action, _ helping the rest of the world take action, as — helping the rest of the world take action, as well. we want to do more to help _ action, as well. we want to do more to help countries around the world especially— to help countries around the world especially developing countries, accelerate their clean energy transition, reduce pollution and show— transition, reduce pollution and show the — transition, reduce pollution and show the world that we must all share _ show the world that we must all share clean at safer and healthier planet. _ share clean at safer and healthier planet, and so we need to help each other~ _ planet, and so we need to help each other~ find — planet, and so we need to help each other. find out that we are working with congress to quadruple our climate — with congress to quadruple our climate financing of developing countries by 2024 including a significant increase. this commitment is made possible to each of our— commitment is made possible to each of our collective goals of mobilising $100 billion annually for climate _ mobilising $100 billion annually for climate finance but mobilising finance — climate finance but mobilising finance is a skill necessary to meet the incredible need, because this is an all— the incredible need, because this is an all hands on deck effort. as others — an all hands on deck effort. as others have mentioned today, governments and the private sector and multilateral development banks must also _ and multilateral development banks must also do the work to go from millions— must also do the work to go from millions to — must also do the work to go from millions to billions to trillions, to affect — millions to billions to trillions, to affect this transition. today also _ to affect this transition. today also submitting new medication how we will_ also submitting new medication how we will implement the global goal of adaptation as well of ? new plans for how— adaptation as well of ? new plans for how we — adaptation as well of ? new plans for how we will implement. 0n adaptation as well of ? new plans for how we will implement. on our commitment, it is more thanjust financing. — commitment, it is more thanjust financing, although that is a critical— financing, although that is a critical part, but we will also support— critical part, but we will also support solutions across the board. in support solutions across the board. in the _ support solutions across the board. in the lead — support solutions across the board. in the lead up to discovering the us our 67 _ in the lead up to discovering the us our g7 partners to launch a build back— our g7 partners to launch a build back better world initiative and we also convened the forum to launch transformative actions and to raise ambition— transformative actions and to raise ambition and together with the eu we are launching a global methane pledged — are launching a global methane pledged to collectively reduce methane emissions, one of the most potent _ methane emissions, one of the most potent greenhouse gases, by at least 30% by— potent greenhouse gases, by at least 30% by the end of the decade. more than 70 _ 30% by the end of the decade. more than 70 countries have already signed — than 70 countries have already signed up _ than 70 countries have already signed up to support rapid reduction of methane pollution and i encourage every— of methane pollution and i encourage every nation to sign on. it is the simple — every nation to sign on. it is the simple most effective strategy we have to _ simple most effective strategy we have to slow global warming in the new term — have to slow global warming in the new term 7 — have to slow global warming in the new term ? nearterm. if we have to slow global warming in the new term ? near term. if we are to recognise _ new term ? near term. if we are to recognise that a better and more hopeful— recognise that a better and more hopeful future for every nation has to do— hopeful future for every nation has to do its— hopeful future for every nation has to do its part, ambitious targets to keep— to do its part, ambitious targets to keep 15— to do its part, ambitious targets to keep 1.5 degrees in reach, and specific— keep 1.5 degrees in reach, and specific plans of how to get there, especially— specific plans of how to get there, especially the major economies, it is imperative that we support developing nations so they can be our partners in this effort. right now we — our partners in this effort. right now we are _ our partners in this effort. right now we are still falling short and there _ now we are still falling short and there is— now we are still falling short and there is no— now we are still falling short and there is no more time to hang back and sit _ there is no more time to hang back and sit on — there is no more time to hang back and sit on the fence and argue amongst — and sit on the fence and argue amongst ourselves. this is the challenge _ amongst ourselves. this is the challenge of our collective lifetimes and the existential threat to human — lifetimes and the existential threat to human existence as we know it, and every— to human existence as we know it, and every day we delay the cost of inaction— and every day we delay the cost of inaction increases so let this be the moment that we answer history's call in _ the moment that we answer history's call in glasgow, let this be the start— call in glasgow, let this be the start of— call in glasgow, let this be the start of a — call in glasgow, let this be the start of a decade of transformative action— start of a decade of transformative action that — start of a decade of transformative action that preserves our planet erases — action that preserves our planet erases the quality of life for people _ erases the quality of life for people everywhere. we can do this. ? and raises _ people everywhere. we can do this. ? and raises the quality. we just need to choose _ and raises the quality. we just need to choose to do it. so let's get to work, _ to choose to do it. so let's get to work. and — to choose to do it. so let's get to work, and thank you, those of us who are responsible for much of the deforestation and the problems we have have — deforestation and the problems we have have an overwhelming obligation to the _ have have an overwhelming obligation to the nations who in fact were not there _ to the nations who in fact were not there and — to the nations who in fact were not there and have not done it and we have _ there and have not done it and we have got— there and have not done it and we have got to — there and have not done it and we have got to help them. much more than we _ have got to help them. much more than we have thus far. god bless you all and _ than we have thus far. god bless you all and make — than we have thus far. god bless you all and make god save the planet. thank— all and make god save the planet. thank you — all and make god save the planet. thank you. ? and may.— all and make god save the planet. thank you. ? and may. president joe biden thank you. ? and may. president joe isiden using — thank you. ? and may. president joe isiden using a — thank you. ? and may. president joe biden using a running _ thank you. ? and may. president joe biden using a running analogy - thank you. ? and may. president joe biden using a running analogy to - biden using a running analogy to talk about the usa's effort to deal with climate change. talking about a short—term sprint to 2030 to keep 1.5 degrees within reach and a marathon to 2050 and he also said there was no time to hang back and delay and argue over what needs to be done. claiming that his build back betterframework is be done. claiming that his build back better framework is the most significant investment by any developed nation to deal with climate change. we think it might be president macron next of france, we are just waiting to see. we have a day of big speeches. it is all about trying to translate this feeling, this emotion, into action. with us now is kathryn brown, the interim director for climate action for the wildlife trusts. your response to the uk government's net zero strategy7 net zero is one of the phrases around all of this, balancing emissions so that no more are going into our atmosphere than are going into our atmosphere than are taken out. you say it falls short of tackling the nature and climate emergency is because you believe you cannot separate out those things?— believe you cannot separate out those things? believe you cannot separate out those thins? ., , . ., those things? that is right. what we have not heard _ those things? that is right. what we have not heard a _ those things? that is right. what we have not heard a huge _ those things? that is right. what we have not heard a huge amount - those things? that is right. what we have not heard a huge amount yet . have not heard a huge amount yet from the global leaders but is one of the key points is the climate and nature crisis are very interlinked and you cannot address one without addressing the other. what we mean by that, if you think about the phrase net zero, that means not zero emissions, but what is going into the atmosphere is balanced by what is coming out. the way of balancing what is coming out is to use nature as a carbon store and what we would have wanted in the government's strategy is a much stronger narrative around how nature would be harnessed and have a the power of nature will be harnessed, especially to peatland restoration, but the narrative and the action were not as strong as they were on the technological side and we wanted to see more balance across those issues. in see more balance across those issues. _, , ~ see more balance across those issues. , ,, r ., issues. in countries like brazil, if we look at _ issues. in countries like brazil, if we look at the _ issues. in countries like brazil, if we look at the amazon _ issues. in countries like brazil, ifj we look at the amazon rainforest issues. in countries like brazil, if- we look at the amazon rainforest and deforestation, the loss of trees whether it is severe or indeed anywhere else, that is undermining nature puzzling ability to soak up co2 nature puzzling ability to soak up c02 from the atmosphere. 7 nature's ability. a guest from greenpeace earlier said she did not want countries to boast about their eco credentials and to be carbon offsetting by keep using fossil fuels but planting forest elsewhere. you are very alert to that area of green washing7 you are very alert to that area of green washing?— green washing? yes, that is something _ green washing? yes, that is something that _ green washing? yes, that is something that doesn't - green washing? yes, that isj something that doesn't help green washing? yes, that is - something that doesn't help with addressing the issue and it almost does the opposite. you talk about the amazon and we have similar issues in the uk, so if we think about the peatlands which are ancient soils in the uplands and lowlands, they are a terrific carbon store, billions of tonnes of carbon locked up in those peatlands but 80% of those are degraded. what that means, they are not soaking up carbon but emitting it and peatland emissions account for about 5% of uk emissions account for about 5% of uk emissions last year so we need to see action being done especially on things like peatland restoration so that we can start to use what we call nature —based solutions to soak up call nature —based solutions to soak up more carbon in the long term. issues around the globe and the amazon is a huge global issue but we don't have those problems in the uk as well. ., . ., ., as well. you want the government to ban peatland — as well. you want the government to ban peatland burning _ as well. you want the government to ban peatland burning because - as well. you want the government to ban peatland burning because you i as well. you want the government to | ban peatland burning because you say if they don't do that it will undermine their own efforts to get to net zero, so what has the government said on that? brute to net zero, so what has the government said on that? we haven't et seen a government said on that? we haven't yet seen a ban _ government said on that? we haven't yet seen a ban on _ government said on that? we haven't yet seen a ban on rotational - yet seen a ban on rotational burning, so that is seasonal burning in order to burning, so that is seasonal burning in orderto maintain burning, so that is seasonal burning in order to maintain a heather colourful grouse shooting, that is what it is for. 7 heather cover for. we need to see a ban now we have seen very emotive language coming out of cop today on the urgency of the situation but we have known now for years that we need to stop peat burning and we need to stop it being used in horticulture and garden compost. for decades we have known these things are an issue but we're not seeing the urgency come through so that is what we would like government to active on. another issue which _ government to active on. another issue which is _ government to active on. another issue which is on _ government to active on. another issue which is on your _ government to active on. another issue which is on your agenda - government to active on. another issue which is on your agenda is l issue which is on your agenda is about the sea bed around the uk waters and the health of those. controversy around that, to let untreated sewage be brought into our waters, and you are also concerned about the issue of bottom trawling, just explain a bit about that and why you think that needs to be dealt with to help get us to net zero7 why you think that needs to be dealt with to help get us to net zero? the ocean again — with to help get us to net zero? tie: ocean again is a with to help get us to net zero? ti9 ocean again is a really important store for carbon and it helps to absorb carbon from the atmosphere so the ocean has absorbed more of the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere that we have emitted so far than happens online. it is important in that respect. 7 than happens online. if you are damaging the marine ecosystem it is losing its ability to soak up the carbon and one of the reasons we do not see this talked about quite so much as some of the land sources like trees, there isn't a huge amount of evidence yet on how much carbon is being soaked up in these marine ecosystems and they are not included in our national greenhouse gas inventory but things like bottom trawling and general marine pollution, these things are having a detrimental effect on the ability of the oceans to absorb carbon in those aspects were absent altogether from the recent net zero strategy from the government so there is an area which we could be harnessing to help mitigate climate change which is not really there yet. change which is not really there et. �* . . change which is not really there et. �* , , ., , change which is not really there et. ., , ,. ,, yet. let's see if that is discussed over the next — yet. let's see if that is discussed over the next couple _ yet. let's see if that is discussed over the next couple of- yet. let's see if that is discussed over the next couple of weeks, i over the next couple of weeks, thanks forjoining us. we were going to go to a report but actually we are going to bring you another speech, from the leader of the seychelles. threatened by rising sea levels, this lowly great 7 7 low—lying island nation. the extension of the most intelligent species, the human being. some of the questions that our young people are asking us, leaders, when are you going to shift from words to action? when are you going to stop making empty promises? when are you going to start taking us and ourfuture when are you going to start taking us and our future seriously7 when are you going to show that you actually care? these are damning questions that will confirm our legacy. forget about mammoth achievements, for one second, we must all look at the mandate bestowed on us and allow our decisions to surpass political considerations and focus on only one agenda, the survival of our planet. 0ur agenda, the survival of our planet. our people want a better life and this starts by being alive. the seychelles is a victim, so our other small island developing states. 7 are. we suffer the effects and consequences of industrialisation and climate change. we are already gasping for survival. when i hear the expression rising sea level, i'm scared because it brings home the awareness that my country's islands will lose all the economic activities happening around the coast and i also realise that the beautiful archipelago of 115 islands that we are today may be reduced to less than 50 as our coral islands disappear. 0ur fellow leaders, our message from the seychelles is simple, we have got to act immediately. the environment partnership to save our planet must happen in glasgow 2021, and let cop26 be the determining point, let me change be a real one, let the paradigms shift happened. maybe industry dip industrialised nations understand they cannot continue polluting without reserve. may the current butchers of our planet change their ways and may we realise that in this battle to save our planet we are not in the proverbial same boat, but that we are indeed in the same boat, big, small, rich or poon the same boat, big, small, rich or poor. the disaster experienced by covid—19 will be seen as but a breeze, and for covid the world came together and developed the vaccine for the but for the protection of our it the only course of action is concrete actions in other words we have got to be honest in action. i played with the rich nations to look at the less fortunate ones 7 i played. can we agree, for example, to put an end to the expression, high income earning7 in order to accept a vulnerability index whereby we will not be measured according to the sacrifice and hard work and the planning and devotion to serve our people but rather on how vulnerable we actually are. the seychelles is considered high income but overnight it lost 75% of its tourism industry because of covid—19. and the world stopped for my people. this is vulnerability. can we, the ones who are less responsible for the planet's destruction, but who in the country are doing our utmost like preserving our limited landmarks, the helped generously when protecting our coastlines7 preserving our disappearing islands, managing meadows larger than switzerland orfighting managing meadows larger than switzerland or fighting fishing activities. 0ur message is, we can't do it with our limited resources. we need your contribution. we have one mission today, mr president, and thatis mission today, mr president, and that is to save our planet. in order to accomplish the task we have two come together and act immediately. the partnership is for yesterday. tomorrow is not an option for it will be too late. the african proverb resonates loudly in my head, if you want to go fast, go alone. if you want to go far, go together. but today, at cop26, my ancestors from africa are asking me to tweak this proverb. if you want to destroy the planet quickly, go alone. if you want to save the planet, let us do it together. our youth and future generations are pleading and counting on us. our children, babies and mother nature herself, are telling us loudly and clearly, no hypocrisy, no make—believe, no empty promises, no hot air. rather, they want our commitment to steadfastness and resolve, so from the seychelles we are doing our best. we are committed, however small we are, we are doing our best. we are committed, howeversmall we are, let us not disappoint and the world but rather, as one human race, let us save our habitat and by doing so let us save our planet and make sure of the survival of our beautiful mother earth. the time to act yesterday. i thank you. earth. the time to act yesterday. i thank you-— earth. the time to act yesterday. i thank you. another really powerful seech thank you. another really powerful speech from _ thank you. another really powerful speech from the _ thank you. another really powerful speech from the president - thank you. another really powerful speech from the president of - thank you. another really powerful speech from the president of the l speech from the president of the seychelles. the seychelles comprises 115 islands and he said that if the world doesn't act to combat climate change that number could be reduced to just 50. by more than half. because of rising sea levels. he quoted an african proverb and he changed it from, if you want to go far, go alone, if you want to go fast, go alone, if you want to go far, go together, and he adapted that for this occasion and he called for no empty promises. the french president emmanuel macron now. translation:— president emmanuel macron now. translation: :, , :, translation: ladies and gentlemen, heads of government, _ translation: ladies and gentlemen, heads of government, heads _ translation: ladies and gentlemen, heads of government, heads of - translation: ladies and gentlemen, heads of government, heads of state, | heads of government, heads of state, dear friends, heads of government, heads of state, dearfriends, many things have been said and we have at the opening have said and we have at the opening have said extremely strong things and there was a lot of emotion because we want to state how urgent things are and we are aware of what we are experiencing. if we are expected to act collectively, we need to say what we said it six years ago, we need... at the beginning, there was no agreement, three values and ambitions, and during the last six years, some people have forgotten these values, some have wanted to drop out or doubt but we have held fast. in the last few years we have been able to keep all of the international community united so we can continue to fight and face the problem. our challenge as to whether to see if this conference is a success is midterm results and our aim is 1.5 degrees by the end of this century and it was reaffirmed yesterday at the g20 in rome. we know we are not there yet because the september report, the un report, says the current trend would leave us at 2.7 degrees and the efforts made in the run up to cop are starting to reduce that gap between those two figures. the key thing about collective action is that in the next few days before the closure of this cop we need to have enough commitment to be able to go back to this 1.5 temperature rise rather than going back to national strategies. we need to speed up our strategies. we need to speed up our strategies between now and 2030 and the first ambition, strategy, is to recover our ambition, and the figures speak volumes about this. we need to have strategies that match the 1.5 increase maximum. that needs to be embodied in our national strategies and france and more broadly the eu and the uk are ready to meet their commitments and our challenge is to implement our commitments and i do not underestimate the importance and difficulty thereof. we have a challenge, the implements of the green deal 7 the implementing. the figures we have committed ourselves to are those which will enable us to give credibility to this target of 1.5 so the energy transition, this transition must be fair and just and supported by social decisions, and this will make it possible for us to create new opportunities and new jobs through in particular deep innovations, the building of new sectors and industries and new opportunities, that is what we are doing and that's what we are focusing efforts on. we are implementing this nationally and at european level. the key over the next two weeks at cop is, the largest emitters, whose national strategies do not match ours of the 1.5 increase, those countries responsible for most emissions must scale up in the next couple of weeks, that is the only way for us to give credibility back to our strategy and for us to have strategies between now and 2030 which will make it possible for the 1.5 target to be credible. solidarity is number two and during the pandemic we have experienced this solidarity. we cannot meet these international challenges unless we are coordinated and unless we act together. the context we are in is a context in which climate change to a certain extent is injustice squared, the most poor countries around the world who are the first victims of climate change. they are those who are very often the ones who did not implement the problems but they are the subject of climate change. since indigenous people suffered the effect of climate change, and the second key target of this cop is 100 billion per year, target of this cop is 100 billion peryear, dedicated target of this cop is 100 billion per year, dedicated to climate change, france and the eu have met their commitment and they have even exceeded them. we will spend £25 billion per year and we have raised... france expense over 7 billion per year and over a third of... ,, , ~ billion per year and over a third of... ,, , : ., billion per year and over a third of... ,, , . ., _ of... studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on — of. .. studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on bbc— of... studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on bbc world. _ of... studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on bbc world. this - of... studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on bbc world. this is - of... studio: we are saying goodbye to viewers on bbc world. this is bbc| to viewers on bbc world. this is bbc news. translation: mil to viewers on bbc world. this is bbc news. translation:— to viewers on bbc world. this is bbc news. translation: all means to make sure that the richest _ news. translation: all means to make sure that the richest countries _ sure that the richest countries speed up this final plant because we have put $100 billion per year on the table between 2020 and 2025 before we even put more on the table after that and i would like to appeal to those countries who are not contributing what they should, to meet their responsibilities between now and the end of cop so we can fulfil the obligation we undertook in paris. if we have do find measures that will correct our course with the imf, we can mobilise in addition to the g20, in addition to the special rights that will be used by the poorest countries, the countries of middle income, this is a crucial matter. the solidarity must happen because it makes action possible where ever solutions exist, and a wonderful example was given with the support we collectively found to help south africa to reduce its carbon dependence, and it is this a model of cooperation we need to build a strategy on. this agreement shows we can meet the challenges of fair and equitable and ambitious transition, and the third value i was referring to is trust and transparency. 0ur youth were invited to join our debates and they want to see us commit ourselves. they want us to follow up and they want things to be measurable so beyond these commitments we must follow with rigour and transparency, what we do. we need to monitor what we do and i'm delighted that the oecd is launching a programme for 0ecd is launching a programme for climate action and we began that last december. thanks to this we can follow country by country what everybody is doing and what remains to be done. i very much hope that we can go further altogether, they must follow up, and every year draft a report on full transparency of the use of $100 billion and how they have been appropriated. today we are almost certain that the countries of africa and the pacific, latin america and the caribbean, who need them the most they are not those countries that are receiving the most, we know that. we know that is the case. beyond our announcements we need to be transparent as to the follow up, the monitoring of how this $100 billion will be spent. ladies and gentlemen, i wanted to speak about these three values so that this cop could be a success and if we mobilise and decide and act it will be a success. beyond all of these announcements, all of this will make progress if we are consistent and if we managed to link this agenda against climate change and to other agendas, like biodiversity and trade. biodiversity first of all because we know that these agendas are linked. biodiversity is the best ally to combat climate change, global warming, and will help us to find natural carbon sinks and we can give especially to africa its fourth role in this battle, the tropical forests must be protected, that is consistent and crucial. several of my colleagues from africa who will speak afterwards our eminent promoters there. the great green wall is a key element thanks to which we can combat not only some aspects but also trade mobilisations, and it must happen as well. this agenda goes hand in hand and is intricately linked with the agenda to combat climate change. finally, we must be consistent with our trade frameworks stop our trade environment and now the environment and climate frameworks. too many of us commit ourselves and then sign contradictory trade agreements but we can't continue to have a planet that we are causing to function according to rules that do not embody at their heart these constraints, our trade agreements must reflect our climate commitments. the organisation of value chains must reflect our climate requirements and demands and thatis climate requirements and demands and that is why i appeal to people today first to develop in africa and in the caribbean and in south america, and in all of these vulnerable regions, solutions and industrial pathways and industries to meet challenges rather than continue to provide solutions that come from the end of the world and which are built upon our current financial models. 0ur solidarity through these $100 billion must make it possible for people to develop these industries which are regional and economic opportunities and these are the words i wanted to share with you. it is what we do and what we produce and what we monitor, transparently, that will give full confidence and trust back to our youth but which will also allow us to act properly and achieve the results we need for ourselves and for future generations. these are the few elements i wanted to share with you this afternoon. thank you. the french president saying that the ambition, solidarity and trust crucial to the paris agreement of 2015 had been forgotten by some in the years since. we can now hear the canadian leader, justin trudeau. i call on other countries to do the same _ call on other countries to do the same. just— call on other countries to do the same. just as globally we have agreed — same. just as globally we have agreed to— same. just as globally we have agreed to a minimum corporate tax, we must _ agreed to a minimum corporate tax, we must work together to ensure it is no _ we must work together to ensure it is no longer— we must work together to ensure it is no longer free to pollute anywhere in the world. that means establishing a shared minimum standard — establishing a shared minimum standard for pricing pollution. of course, — standard for pricing pollution. of course, what is even better than pricing _ course, what is even better than pricing emissions is ensuring that they don't— pricing emissions is ensuring that they don't happen in the first place — they don't happen in the first place. which brings me to my next major_ place. which brings me to my next major commitment. we will cap oil and gas _ major commitment. we will cap oil and gas sector emissions today, and ensure _ and gas sector emissions today, and ensure they— and gas sector emissions today, and ensure they decrease tomorrow at a pace and _ ensure they decrease tomorrow at a pace and scale needed to reach zero by 2050 _ pace and scale needed to reach zero by 2050. that is no small task for a major_ by 2050. that is no small task for a major oil— by 2050. that is no small task for a major oil and — by 2050. that is no small task for a major oil and gas producing country. it is major oil and gas producing country. it is a _ major oil and gas producing country. it is a big _ major oil and gas producing country. it is a big step that is absolutely necessary. to do our part globally, we have _ necessary. to do our part globally, we have doubled our climate financing, including up to $1 billion— financing, including up to $1 billion for the transition away from coat _ billion for the transition away from coat and — billion for the transition away from coal. and to help deal with the consequences of climate change, canada _ consequences of climate change, canada is — consequences of climate change, canada is making our first contribution to the adaptation fund. he speaks in french. we have been talking about a backpay pressure at this summit and how declarations by one nation can encourage others to meet them with their own declarations. justin trudeau there talking about a cap which he said will begin today, on oil and gas emissions, which he said was no small task for a big oil and gas producing country like canada. we were just listening to emanuel macron, and you were in paris in 2015 for the cop that took place there. he said that a lot of the solidarity and trust of that moment in 2015 had been forgotten in the years since. do you think there has been a rollback. you were there. has that been a rollback on the pledges of that time? there has been one obvious rollback, since that agreement, there have been tier us elections whether was a leader who didn't take climate change is a priority at all. that is a serious rollback that happened globally. also we have had leaders who went to paris, who set the north star of what they need to do and then went home and did not do the work. six years on, we haven't changed our trajectory to stop you looking at eight years left to live another day, fight another day, scientists are saying we only have an eight year window to secure a future. that is livable and we can thrive. there has not been action to meet those targets. tell thrive. there has not been action to meet those targets.— meet those targets. tell us about ureen new meet those targets. tell us about green new deal— meet those targets. tell us about green new deal uk. _ meet those targets. tell us about green new deal uk. what - meet those targets. tell us about green new deal uk. what is - green new deal uk. what is that organisation7 green new deal uk. what is that organisation?— green new deal uk. what is that oruanisation? . ., :, green new deal uk. what is that oruanisation? ~ . ., :, . organisation? what are you doing? we are a movement _ organisation? what are you doing? we are a movement of _ organisation? what are you doing? we are a movement of young _ organisation? what are you doing? we are a movement of young people - organisation? what are you doing? we are a movement of young people thatl are a movement of young people that are a movement of young people that are holding the leaders accountable. we have an economic system that is at odds with the climate, but also at odds with the climate, but also at odds with ordinary working people. it is not delivering for anyone. the way we can tackle the crisis is by delivering an economy that centres people and planet, which means rapidly decarbonising, which means rapidly decarbonising, which means rapidly decarbonising, which means delivering good jobs that put us in the transition towards a green economy, which means investing in public services. that is how we handle the climate crisis and promise a betterfuture is how we handle the climate crisis and promise a better future for people like me. these politicians have not delivered anything. we want them to act on the plan. hoist them to act on the plan. how important — them to act on the plan. how important is _ them to act on the plan. how important is it _ them to act on the plan. how important is it did _ them to act on the plan. how important is it did give - them to act on the plan. how important is it did give people the confidence that this transition to a new green economy, a new industrial revolution, will make life better for them? revolution, will make life better forthem7 notjust revolution, will make life better for them? notjust in terms of the planet, but in their day—to—day living, their standard of living? absolutely. that is the work of both campaigners and governments. there needs to be an investment led plan. it was only last week that the chancellor announced the budget here in the uk. the investment wasn't there. you cannotjust talk the talk on climate change and expect emissions to react to that. emissions don't react to rhetoric, tracks to action and investment. we can do it by investment in the right parts of the economy and in areas that are desperate for new public services. there is a way, but there is a time—limit on that. if you do it too late, then we leave people behind and everyone is worse off. it is interesting listening to you talking about the morals of this, and also about the economy. do you feel that, as a young activist, your time is now, that the message you are sending is really getting across to those leaders, most of whom are much older than the activists standing outside this summit7 you are talking notjust about standing outside this summit7 you are talking not just about the markets you're talking about the moral imperative as well. do you think your time is now to get that message across? it think your time is now to get that message across?— message across? it seems to be workinu. message across? it seems to be working this— message across? it seems to be working. this is _ message across? it seems to be working. this is the _ message across? it seems to be working. this is the strongest i working. this is the strongest rhetoric i have seen in the many years i have been watching these talks. d0 years i have been watching these talks. , :, years i have been watching these talks. i. _, . years i have been watching these talks. i. . ., talks. do you feel confidence that that will turn _ talks. do you feel confidence that that will turn into _ talks. do you feel confidence that that will turn into action? - talks. do you feel confidence that that will turn into action? i i talks. do you feel confidence that that will turn into action? i don't, j that will turn into action? i don't, but what i — that will turn into action? i don't, but what i do _ that will turn into action? i don't, but what i do have _ that will turn into action? i don't, but what i do have is _ that will turn into action? i don't, but what i do have is confidence i that will turn into action? i don't, | but what i do have is confidence in movements and people power. the work begins once the two weeks over, we have to go back and keep them accountable every day to make sure they deliver. two weeks any calendar year will not save us from climate change was of the workers every day. movements other once you got us here, the reason why boris gave such a strong speech. movements are by the uk was the first country in the g7 to deliver net zero legislation. i have huge hope in the public at movements and especially young people, but these leaders need to be held accountable, and that is the work we will do. tell held accountable, and that is the work we will do.— work we will do. tell us in more detail about _ work we will do. tell us in more detail about that. _ work we will do. tell us in more detail about that. how - work we will do. tell us in more detail about that. how do i work we will do. tell us in more detail about that. how do you . work we will do. tell us in more i detail about that. how do you hold leaders accountable7 you cannot always do it through a general election, because you have long periods in between the election cycle where perhaps your ability to affect change in that very obvious way is clearly limited. absolutely. if ou way is clearly limited. absolutely. if you look — way is clearly limited. absolutely. if you look back _ way is clearly limited. absolutely. if you look back to _ way is clearly limited. absolutely. if you look back to 2019, - way is clearly limited. absolutely. if you look back to 2019, just i if you look back to 2019, just before the pandemic, we had a huge amount of public mobilisation around climate change, when we had the youth strikers, we had people leading young people. in that year alone, the uk legislation on zero, it set up the first uk citizens assembly on climate change. that is what we are able to do in one year. now we have young people mobilising around the oil field off the coast of the shetland islands that the uk government is trying to push forward. young people have been challenging nicola sturgeon, a couple of weeks ago, they challenged on the street, and then wrote to borisjohnson to suggest he think hard about whether they should allow this oilfield. we need more people to mobilise. it this oilfield. we need more people to mobilise-— to mobilise. it was interesting, almost at _ to mobilise. it was interesting, almost at the _ to mobilise. it was interesting, almost at the end _ to mobilise. it was interesting, almost at the end of— to mobilise. it was interesting, almost at the end of his - to mobilise. it was interesting, i almost at the end of his speech, emanuel macron saying that political leaders need to earn the confidence and trust of young people. i presume you would agree with that, that that confidence and trust has been dented7 confidence and trust has been dented? ~ ,,:, , , confidence and trust has been dented? ~ , , :, ., dented? absolutely. they cannot wait for the next person _ dented? absolutely. they cannot wait for the next person that _ dented? absolutely. they cannot wait for the next person that is _ dented? absolutely. they cannot wait for the next person that is elected. i for the next person that is elected. a lot of leaders think they have a short political window, they have their time and then it is the next quy's their time and then it is the next guy'sjob. we are running out of time and young people are reaching the age of voting, and we will vote them out, we will mobilise to push them out, we will mobilise to push them out, we will mobilise to push them out of the way if they are not willing to step up. there is a clear challenge there for them. step up or step aside, and if you don't, we will make sure you are no longer in power. we will take space power to make sure we secure a future for our generation. make sure we secure a future for our generation-— generation. thank you so much for our time generation. thank you so much for your time today. _ generation. thank you so much for your time today. in _ generation. thank you so much for your time today. in a _ generation. thank you so much for your time today. in a moment, i. generation. thank you so much for. your time today. in a moment, i will speak to another young climate activist, climate change activist from samoa. first, he was what she had to say when she addressed the opening ceremony of the leaders part of this summit earlier. you opening ceremony of the leaders part of this summit earlier.— of this summit earlier. you all have the ower of this summit earlier. you all have the power here _ of this summit earlier. you all have the power here today _ of this summit earlier. you all have the power here today to _ of this summit earlier. you all have the power here today to be - of this summit earlier. you all have the power here today to be better, | the power here today to be better, to remember that, the power here today to be better, to rememberthat, in the power here today to be better, to remember that, in your meeting rooms— to remember that, in your meeting rooms and — to remember that, in your meeting rooms and drafting documents, are more _ rooms and drafting documents, are more than — rooms and drafting documents, are more thanjust black rooms and drafting documents, are more than just black and white objects — more than just black and white objects. to remember that in your words. _ objects. to remember that in your words. you — objects. to remember that in your words, you wield the power to save us or— words, you wield the power to save us or sell— words, you wield the power to save us or sell us— words, you wield the power to save us or sell us out. i don't need to remind — us or sell us out. i don't need to remind you _ us or sell us out. i don't need to remind you of the value of vulnerable communities will stop if you are _ vulnerable communities will stop if you are here today, you know what climate _ you are here today, you know what climate change is doing to us. you don't _ climate change is doing to us. you don't need — climate change is doing to us. you don't need my pain or my tears to know— don't need my pain or my tears to know that — don't need my pain or my tears to know that we're a crisis. breanna _ know that we're a crisis. breanna is with us in our studio. so lovely to have you with us. i listened to your speech earlier, i was very taken by the emotion, the feeling that you put across to those world leaders, along with the other young climate activists. what was it like standing in front of them? it was definitely a moment where i felt very content. i tell people i try to think— very content. i tell people i try to think going into it, we are all human. _ think going into it, we are all human. at— think going into it, we are all human, at the end of the day, we should _ human, at the end of the day, we should be — human, at the end of the day, we should be on the same level. so when i should be on the same level. so when i -ot should be on the same level. so when i got there. _ should be on the same level. so when igotthere. i— should be on the same level. so when i got there, i thought, these people i got there, i thought, these people i human. _ i got there, i thought, these people i human, they have families like me, they should — i human, they have families like me, they should be worried about climate change _ they should be worried about climate change like me. you they should be worried about climate change like me— change like me. you said, i think this was the _ change like me. you said, i think this was the bit _ change like me. you said, i think this was the bit that _ change like me. you said, i think this was the bit that stood i change like me. you said, i think this was the bit that stood out i change like me. you said, i think| this was the bit that stood out for me, we are not drowning, we are fighting. essentially the message to those politicians was, help us in the fight. but literally, of course, the fight. but literally, of course, the islands that you represent, they are at threat of rising sea levels. can you paint a picture of how concerned you as a young pacific islanders are on a daily basis about the threat to your home?— the threat to your home? 100%. climate change _ the threat to your home? 10096. climate change is _ the threat to your home? 10096. climate change is everywhere i the threat to your home? 10096. i climate change is everywhere around us in the _ climate change is everywhere around us in the islands. when my mum was 19, she _ us in the islands. when my mum was 19, she experienced a cyclone for the first— 19, she experienced a cyclone for the first time. the frequency increasing is very apparent. the coral— increasing is very apparent. the coral bleaching, the constant floods. — coral bleaching, the constant floods, the weather has changed in the islands, it is hard to ignore, and we — the islands, it is hard to ignore, and we are _ the islands, it is hard to ignore, and we are very much living the consequences of inaction. does it fri . hten consequences of inaction. does it frighten you. _ consequences of inaction. does it frighten you, does _ consequences of inaction. does it frighten you, does it _ consequences of inaction. does it frighten you, does it keep - consequences of inaction. does it frighten you, does it keep you i consequences of inaction. does it i frighten you, does it keep you awake at night? what you said there are the conference was fighting talk. you made it clear to those world leaders that you are fighting to stop this, you need them to help you stop this, you need them to help you stop this. stop this, you need them to help you sto this. . stop this, you need them to help you sto this. , :, ., , stop this. yes, i do really feel that fear _ stop this. yes, i do really feel that fear sometimes, - stop this. yes, i do really feel that fear sometimes, but i stop this. yes, i do really feel| that fear sometimes, but i am stop this. yes, i do really feel i that fear sometimes, but i am able to push— that fear sometimes, but i am able to push that away. like fatima said earlier, _ to push that away. like fatima said earlier, through the hope within movements, i really believe that this new— movements, i really believe that this new generation of young people will be _ this new generation of young people will be able to push our leaders into action. that is where my hope and faith— into action. that is where my hope and faith lies. every time i have those _ and faith lies. every time i have those doubts, like we will not be able to _ those doubts, like we will not be able to move into a state where our islands _ able to move into a state where our islands can — able to move into a state where our islands can truly be protected, i remember the people who are in these movements _ remember the people who are in these movements that are demanding justice. — movements that are demanding justice, climatejustice, movements that are demanding justice, climate justice, and that is where — justice, climate justice, and that is where i— justice, climate justice, and that is where i get my hope from. you attended your _ is where i get my hope from. you attended your first _ is where i get my hope from. yarn. attended your first at the age of ten. —— yourfirst cop attended your first at the age of ten. —— your first cop 26. ten. —— yourfirst cop i attended your first at the age of ten. —— yourfirst cop i remember hearing about climate change from my primary school teacher. i hearing about climate change from my primary school teacher.— primary school teacher. i thought to m self, i primary school teacher. i thought to myself. i cannot— primary school teacher. i thought to myself, i cannot sit _ primary school teacher. i thought to myself, i cannot sit by _ primary school teacher. i thought to myself, i cannot sit by and - primary school teacher. i thought to myself, i cannot sit by and let i primary school teacher. i thought to myself, i cannot sit by and let this i myself, i cannot sit by and let this happen _ myself, i cannot sit by and let this happen. that is when i started my environmental group and got into the climate _ environmental group and got into the climate space. i attended a biodiversity cop in japan. climate space. i attended a biodiversity cop injapan. cop climate space. i attended a biodiversity cop in japan. cop ten. now here — biodiversity cop in japan. cop ten. now here we are at cop 26. how confident are _ now here we are at cop 26. how confident are you _ now here we are at cop 26. how confident are you that _ now here we are at cop 26. hm: confident are you that you will get the climate justice that is a big theme of cop 267 i the climate justice that is a big theme of cop 26?— the climate justice that is a big theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. _ theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. if _ theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. if it _ theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. if it can _ theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. if it can get i theme of cop 26? i think that it is like a compass. if it can get it i like a compass. if it can get it right, — like a compass. if it can get it right, we _ like a compass. if it can get it right, we can point in the right direction _ right, we can point in the right direction. at the end of the day, my ancestors— direction. at the end of the day, my ancestors travelled the oceans without — ancestors travelled the oceans without compasses. if this doesn't work, _ without compasses. if this doesn't work, people well. i believe that. so whatever happens within those rooms _ so whatever happens within those rooms today, i hope that it is ambitious, _ rooms today, i hope that it is ambitious, i hope get the action on paper— ambitious, i hope get the action on paper that — ambitious, i hope get the action on paper that we need, but if we don't, i paper that we need, but if we don't, i believe _ paper that we need, but if we don't, i believe 100% that the people will be able _ i believe 100% that the people will be able to find. 30 i believe 10096 that the people will be able to find.— be able to find. so lovely to talk to ou. be able to find. so lovely to talk to you. congratulations - be able to find. so lovely to talk to you. congratulations on i to you. congratulations on your speech today. we are just going to take a little break here for a few minutes, and it is back to tim in the studio. thank you. just some other news now. a train driver is said to have "life—changing" injuries after a crash in a tunnel in salisbury. two trains collided yesterday evening. passengers were thrown from their seats and 14 were treated in hospital. travellers are being warned that the line may be shut for some days. andrew plant reports. twisted off their tracks and lying side—by—side, still blocking this tunnel on the edge of salisbury. the two passenger trains collided — one already partially derailed, the other on the same line coming up seven minutes behind. there were around 100 passengers on board, badly shaken but most able to walk to safety. suddenly there was this horrible noise and itjust started to tilt and fall over, and we all fell over in the carriage. there was this massive impact and i fell across the table and then the table came off the wall and ended up underneath another table. there was suddenly a lot ofjostling, possessionsi being thrown around. i think a few people went forward and hit their heads. _ more than a dozen people were taken to hospital, including one train driver who had to be cut free. it's not yet clear what caused the first train to partially derail or why the second train wasn't given an emergency stop signal, but continued apparently unaware a stationary train was waiting along the line. i'm very thankful there were no fatalities. there were some injuries to customers and our driver so they have all been looked after, our customes, we are giving support to those affected and today our focus is on working with the british transport police and the investigating authorities to find out what's happened here. there are warning systems in place that should have alerted the approaching train long before any collision occurred. network rail say this line could be out of action for several days while investigators try to work out exactly what went wrong. andrew plant, bbc news, in salisbury. we can speak now to mike mcloughlin. he's a former derailment investigator and now advises rail companies how to make their railways safer. so many unanswered questions. an initial report suggested that the first train hit something on the track. what do you make of that in terms of your experience of investigations?— terms of your experience of investiaations? :, , , :, ., investigations? the most important thin . investigations? the most important thin here investigations? the most important thing here is— investigations? the most important thing here is identification - investigations? the most important thing here is identification of- investigations? the most important thing here is identification of the i thing here is identification of the initial point of derailment. for example, if there is an obstruction, either something coming off the train or something intruding onto the track, there will be clear evidence at that location. the investigators will look for the initial derailment location, but that means working back from the wreckage to where the first damage appears. at that point, that initial point of derailment, there will be very strong close about how the wheels came to be derailed. for example, there are reports that the rear of the train derailed, and that implies that the wheels on the front part of the train passed safely full stops something happened at that location to derail the train. haifa location to derail the train. how unusual without _ location to derail the train. how unusual without the, _ location to derail the train. how unusual without the, for - location to derail the train. how unusual without the, for the front of the train to go over and something derail at the back question what does that mean something fell off the front of the train? it something fell off the front of the train? : :, , something fell off the front of the train? _, , ., something fell off the front of the train? , ., train? it could be an obstruction from the train, _ train? it could be an obstruction from the train, an _ train? it could be an obstruction from the train, an obstruction . train? it could be an obstruction i from the train, an obstruction from the track, for example a broken wheel, or it can be something that has intruded, like branches or some of obstruction that got onto the track and obstructed the wheel. it may be none of these, because wheelsets can derail if there's something wrong with the track geometry as well. so what the investigators will look for is what we call the mechanism of of derailment. that is how the wheels actually leave the rail. that could give a very strong close, it could be marks, it could be indications of damage, the positions of where the wheelsets land. that they trace that forward up to the wreckage, to reconstruct the sequence of events. that is extremely important. what they will be able to do is examine they will be able to do is examine the wheels to identify clearly which wheels derailed first, and then link any damage and potential missing components all the way through the derailment sites. they will look at the vehicles, they will start to download the entr e data recorders. just quickly, we are running out of time. the fact this train derailed in the tunnel, to make it more or less dangerous question nobody thankfully was killed in this. the driver has life changing injuries, but was the real problem the train coming up behind and smashing into it? :, ,:, coming up behind and smashing into it? :, :, :, it? the initial point of derailment ma be it? the initial point of derailment may be out _ it? the initial point of derailment may be out side _ it? the initial point of derailment may be out side the _ it? the initial point of derailment may be out side the tunnel. i it? the initial point of derailment may be out side the tunnel. we i it? the initial point of derailment i may be out side the tunnel. we will not know until the investigators identify it at that location. they will examine all the track geometry, they will examine all the components, and they will find key evidence at that location to work out the sequence of events. shall out the sequence of events. all ri . ht. out the sequence of events. all right. very good perspective. thank you forjoining us. the foreign secretary, liz truss, has told the bbc that the uk is prepared to take legal action against the eu because of the row with france about fishing rights. ms truss said the french had behaved unfairly, and the uk would not roll over in the face of unwarranted threats. let's have a listen to what she said earlier. france has made completely unacceptable threats to our fishermen and to the channel islands in terms of their energy supply and we need them to withdraw those threats. if they do not withdraw those threats we are prepared to use the dispute resolution mechanism in the trade deal we signed with the eu to take action against the french. they have behaved unfairly. the fishing licences were awarded entirely in accordance with the trade deal we negotiated and we need them to withdraw those unreasonable threats they have made. let's talk to jersey s external relations minister, senator ian gorst. hejoins us live he joins us live now. hejoins us live now. when he joins us live now. when does the truth lie on this? both sides are accusing the other of breaking the rules and the spirit. let's start with you, because the row erupted just a few months ago about the number of fishing licences awarded by jersey. number of fishing licences awarded byjersey. how many have been awarded to french trawlers now7 irate awarded to french trawlers now? we made awarded to french trawlers now? 9 made an announcement at the end of last week, and those licenses have now been issued. that is 162 licences. some of those are permanent licences, but as a gesture of goodwill so that we can keep talking, keep resolving the differences around what data is appropriate, we have given temporary licences to 49 vessels. so appropriate, we have given temporary licences to 49 vessels.— licences to 49 vessels. so what percentage _ licences to 49 vessels. so what percentage is _ licences to 49 vessels. so what percentage is that _ licences to 49 vessels. so what percentage is that over - licences to 49 vessels. so what percentage is that over the i licences to 49 vessels. so what i percentage is that over the number previously granted under the fisheries policy7 riff previously granted under the fisheries policy?— previously granted under the fisheries policy? previously granted under the fisheries oli ? , ., fisheries policy? of course, we had a different arrangement. _ fisheries policy? of course, we had i a different arrangement. previously, it was an agreement where france issued licences to its own vessels to fish in jersey waters, and issued licences to its own vessels to fish injersey waters, and there were 350 off them. that basis of granting those licences was simply historic rights. the new trade deal quite clearly says that vessels have to show they have fished for more than ten days in any one of the last three years. they also have to complete logbooks. for those vessels where we have good evidence at that logbook data, we are issuing licences. where we haven't got the evidence to issue them without that evidence to issue them without that evidence would mean we are breaching the trade deal, which is not something we want to do. so it could be that some of these boats, if they provide data, will be awarded their licence, if they can prove to you that they have been fishing in those waters for ten days or more each year?— fishing in those waters for ten days or more each year? that's absolutely correct, or more each year? that's absolutely correct. and — or more each year? that's absolutely correct. and we _ or more each year? that's absolutely correct, and we have _ or more each year? that's absolutely correct, and we have been _ or more each year? that's absolutely correct, and we have been saying i correct, and we have been saying this for months. we have been working without counterparts in the uk and in brussels and in france and regionally as well. that is why we are extremely disappointed, and we think it is completely disproportionate for france tomorrow to introduce countermeasures when the conversations are ongoing. as we are speaking now, officials from those four bodies are discussing applicable, available, accurate data to ensure that the appropriate licences are issued. it shouldn't be done with a background of threats and political rhetoric. it should be donein and political rhetoric. it should be done in a cool and calm way, so that fishermen's livelihoods are put at the centre and not political dispute. the centre and not political disute. ~ :. the centre and not political disute. 9 . ., the centre and not political disute_ : ., ., :, dispute. what about the twinning of this with energy _ dispute. what about the twinning of this with energy supplies _ dispute. what about the twinning of this with energy supplies to - dispute. what about the twinning of this with energy supplies to jersey i this with energy supplies tojersey question mccourt is the latest on that? 9 ~ :, :, . that? we know that the french administration _ that? we know that the french administration said _ that? we know that the french administration said they i that? we know that the french administration said they would | that? we know that the french i administration said they would seek to stop the energy supply to jersey. since then, that has been slightly dialled back, as it were, they have said they might reduce the supply or introduce tariffs. all of which are totally disproportionate and not envisaged under the terms of the trade deal. we have a straightforward, simple message. if vessels meet the criteria of the trade deal, so it is not a matter of who is right and wrong, it is show the evidence, vessels will receive licences. if there is no evidence, we cannot issue licences because we would be in breach of the trade deal. fits would be in breach of the trade deal :. . would be in breach of the trade deal. : . . . 9. would be in breach of the trade deal. : , , , ., :, ,, deal. as things stand now, liz truss was sa in: deal. as things stand now, liz truss was saying she _ deal. as things stand now, liz truss was saying she might _ deal. as things stand now, liz truss was saying she might trigger- deal. as things stand now, liz truss was saying she might trigger the i was saying she might trigger the dispute mechanism. it took me several minutes to try and work out what it meant. it goes into weeks or months of discussions and then arbitration. presumably, that will not be sustainable?— arbitration. presumably, that will not be sustainable? let's be clear. that is far more _ not be sustainable? let's be clear. that is far more preferable, i not be sustainable? let's be clear. that is far more preferable, using | that is far more preferable, using and abiding by the terms of the trade deal, than for one side to introduce disproportionate countermeasures because it disagrees with some evidence that may or may not have been supplied. that is why that mechanism was negotiated in the first place. that mechanism was negotiated in the first lace. �* , ., first place. briefly, whatever ha--ens first place. briefly, whatever happens now. _ first place. briefly, whatever happens now, all— first place. briefly, whatever happens now, all the - first place. briefly, whatever happens now, all the peoplej first place. briefly, whatever i happens now, all the people who first place. briefly, whatever - happens now, all the people who have fished there in the past, won't be able to. that is another bit, isn't it, because they would fulfil the criteria question of that is not the case at all. criteria question of that is not the case at all-— case at all. vessels that have fished in jersey _ case at all. vessels that have fished in jersey for _ case at all. vessels that have fished in jersey for more i case at all. vessels that have| fished in jersey for more than case at all. vessels that have i fished in jersey for more than ten fished injersey for more than ten days over the last three years, they are entitled to a licence. thea;r days over the last three years, they are entitled to a licence.— are entitled to a licence. they have to be able to _ are entitled to a licence. they have to be able to prove _ are entitled to a licence. they have to be able to prove that _ are entitled to a licence. they have to be able to prove that they i are entitled to a licence. they have to be able to prove that they have. to be able to prove that they have fished full stop so let's deal with the facts, let's look at what the trade agreement actually says, and then lets issue licences accordingly. we must leave it there, thank you very much indeed. now it's time for a look at the weather with helen willetts hello. the low pressure that brought the windy, wet conditions over the weekend is gradually moving out into the north sea. still influencing our weather today — it's been wet and windy across northern scotland, and it remains that way, and that rain has been affecting central regions, with lots of showers elsewhere and a blustery wind. it is looking like a chillier week ahead. the wins turnaround to the north and north—west, showers continuing around the coasts overnight, but inland, it is likely we will see a touch of frost, particular in england and wales. it will take a little time to clear tomorrow. tomorrow looks like another day of sunny spells and showers, but they will be some drier spells of weather around, for example, here, not [and again northern and western areas. not as windy but definitely on the chilly side. in the sunshine, travel 13 in southern areas, but more likely 10 or 11. this is bbc news, i'm christian fraser, live at the glasgow climate summit. at the opening ceremony, borisjohnson welcomed world leaders with a speech warning that younger generations will remember if they don't act now. if we fail, they will not forgive us. they will know that glasgow was the historic turning point when history failed to turn. president biden says the fight against global warming is a moral imperative and an economic opportunity, but the chinese and russian leaders are not attending. it comes as un scientists say extreme weather events are the new normal. the secretary general warned, "we are killing ourselves with carbon". enough of burning and drilling and mining our way deeper. we are digging our own graves. with protestors, including greta thunberg, questioning whether the politicians can deliver, activists from some of the most vulnerable nations have been speaking out. you don't need my pain or my tears to know that we are in a crisis. the real question is, whether you have the political will to do the right thing. we'll be looking at the main issues and hearing from politicians, plus the head of the world trade organisation, and those from the countries already on the front line. hello and welcome back to glasgow. a crucial day at the cop26 summit. 120 heads of state here for the opening of the negotiations. every one gets their say at a cop summit and in this room behind me we've had some pretty punchy speeches this afternoon from a number of the leaders, particularly those from countries in the tropics and the southern hemisphere already suffering the brunt of this climate change. and you can hear time and again their frustration, their exasperation, at the slow pace of change and the intransigence of the biggest carbon emmitters. in many ways, this next 48 hours will shape the direction of this summit. it is the technical teams, of course, that will hammer out the detail but it is leaders that must set the scale of the ambition. in his opening address, the host borisjohnson said it is time to move to concerted, real world action on coal, cars, cash and trees. here's our science correspondent rebecca morelle, who has been watching this morning's events. sweeping into glasgow, leaders from around the world, ready for make—or—break talks on the future of our planet. there to greet them, prime minister borisjohnson and un secretary general antonio gutteres, as one by one they arrive, fresh from the g20 talks in rome. it is a roll call of more than 100 world leaders. there is royalty, too — prince charles and the duchess of cornwall have arrived. earlier, scottish first minister nicola sturgeon met climate activist greta thunberg. but there are some notable absences too. china's president xijinping and russia's vladimir putin won't be joining the talks. humanity has long since run down the clock on climate change. it is one minute to midnight on that doomsday clock, and we need to act now. so, what is cop26? cop stands for conference of the parties, and was set up by the un to try to tackle climate change. the first one took place in 1995 and this is the 26th. nearly 200 countries have already submitted plans to cut their emissions, and around 25,000 delegates are expected to turn up in glasgow. this is going to be where the heart of the action is taking place over the next two weeks. the world leaders are already here, but only for the next couple of days. after that, negotiators take over. remember, every single country comes with a very different economy, very different problems, and a very different agenda. the enormous challenge is going to be getting them all to agree. so, what's up for discussion? the world has agreed to try and keep global temperatures to 1.5 degrees. if we go above that, we move into dangerous territory. a key aim of the talks will be to keep that 1.5 degree target alive. money will also be a focus, too, providing $100 billion a year for developing countries. they're suffering the worst impacts of climate change, but they say richer nations are to blame. we can expect more loss, more damages within the caribbean region, pacific, as well as the indian ocean. in that case, we have to make sure that we take the necessary steps in order to get these large polluters to reduce their emissions. this was the scene outside the conference centre this morning, hundreds of delegates struggling to get in. after 30 years of these meetings, they say there have been enough delays and they want to get going with these talks. there's growing demand from protesters, too. the question is, can world leaders deliver what the planet needs? we will find out in the next two weeks. rebecca morelle, bbc news, glasgow. in the last hour we've also heard from president biden who said the time to act is now if we want to preserve a future for the world. this is the decade that will determine the answer. the science is clear, we only have a brief window left before us raise our ambitions and to raise to make the task that is rapidly narrowing. this is a decisive decade in which we have an opportunity to prove ourselves. we can keep the goal of limiting global warming tojust1.5 can keep the goal of limiting global warming to just 1.5 celsius within our reach if we come together. if we commit to doing our part, each of our nations, with determination and ambition, that is what cop26 is all about. this must be the kick off of about. this must be the kick off of a decade of ambition and innovation to preserve our shared future. the united states has accused china of failing to do enough to tackle global warming. jake sullivan, president biden�*s national security advisor, said beijing should show greater ambition. china's president xi jinping is not attending the summit in glasgow. 0n chinese state media, he called on all parties to take stronger actions to jointly tackle the climate challenge and pledged to accelerate development in green renewable energy, plan construction of large scale wind farms and cleaner power projects. beijing has sent a representative. china is the world's biggest carbon emitter. here's our china correspondent, stephen mcdonnell. china is a country with an absolutely voracious appetite for electricity following decades of breakneck economic growth. the price paid for this has come in the form of massive carbon emissions and more recently this country has seen absolutely catastrophic weather events which the chinese government has blamed on climate change, so beijing really has no choice but to act on this. so why hasn't xi jinping gone to the meeting in glasgow? he hasn't gone anywhere for the last two years, to tell you the truth, the thinking is government does not want to risk the president of china catching covid. but they are saying that china does want to be part of the discussion and that china does want to be part of the solution to this problem. environmental scientists have questioned whether or not the goals that have been set in this country are actually ambitious enough and they are watching to see whether anything comes from that written speech from xi jinping which will be delivered to the conference after the other world leaders have spoken. this country is the biggest contributor to the problem with the government saying it could also be the biggest contributor to the solution. studio: xijinping is not allowed to address to summit because he is not in the building but he has a written statement which is about to be released in the next few minutes in fact on the summit website. in a moment, we'll hear from prince charles and talk to the world trade organisation about what needs to be done to put pressure on business. but first, let's hone in on one country. with me here is israel's environmental protection minister. let's have a look at israel's emissions. it has a relatively high rate of emissions per capita, or per person. every year, on average, a person in israel emits 7.5 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. britain is around 13, so it is lower than that, but it is about 50% higher than the global average. israel is one of the countries who say they aim to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050 but it has stuck with its interim target, set previously, of 27% reduction of co2 by 2030. as i mentioned, tamar zandberg, israel's minister for environmental protection, joins me now. before we get in the technicalities, we have seen the speeches and we have focused on this speeches but we don't see what goes on behind—the—scenes, so do you have been ? who have you been meeting with? ~ , , ., with? our prime minister is here and i 'oined with? our prime minister is here and lioined him — with? our prime minister is here and i joined him with _ with? our prime minister is here and i joined him with the _ with? our prime minister is here and ijoined him with the prime _ with? our prime minister is here and ijoined him with the prime ministerl ijoined him with the prime minister of australia and his minister, my counterpart, and i have other meetings with my counterparts from other countries, especially in the middle east, and with the cyprus minister, because we have a common challenge and we share the same climate and the same vulnerable nature to climate change. you are aaivin the nature to climate change. you are giving the australians _ nature to climate change. you are giving the australians plenty - nature to climate change. you are giving the australians plenty of i giving the australians plenty of encouragement? i say that diplomatically.— encouragement? i say that diplomatically. encouragement? i say that dilomaticall. , ., diplomatically. both countries have recently committed _ diplomatically. both countries have recently committed to _ diplomatically. both countries have recently committed to net - diplomatically. both countries have recently committed to net zero - diplomatically. both countries have recently committed to net zero in l recently committed to net zero in 2050 and we also have both recognised we rely on technology and innovation and we have done this with start—ups and the technology industry, we are very focused on this and this is something that israel can contribute and distribute to the world in a way that will exceed our size. i to the world in a way that will exceed our size.— to the world in a way that will exceed our size. ., ., exceed our size. i want to underline that ou exceed our size. i want to underline that you are — exceed our size. i want to underline that you are a _ exceed our size. i want to underline that you are a country _ exceed our size. i want to underline that you are a country that - exceed our size. i want to underline that you are a country that is - that you are a country that is already suffering the effects of climate change because the dead sea has lost a quarter of its surface area since 1960 and this year rainfall in your region did not exceed 60% of the average. there is a lack of water? we exceed 60% of the average. there is a lack of water?— exceed 6096 of the average. there is a lack of water?— a lack of water? we are located in a lace that a lack of water? we are located in a place that is — a lack of water? we are located in a place that is defined _ a lack of water? we are located in a place that is defined as _ a lack of water? we are located in a place that is defined as a _ a lack of water? we are located in a place that is defined as a hotspot. l place that is defined as a hotspot. we have a dry and hot climate and we can suffer from severe bushfires, floods, heat waves. we are may be small in our emissions globally but we are very vulnerable and this is something we share with our region and our neighbours in the middle east. that puts us in danger. in extreme commitment, not only to reduction of emissions, but also to a better adaptation, natural —based solutions. a better adaptation, natural -based solutions. . , ~ , , a better adaptation, natural -based solutions. . , ~ , solutions. that is key. it is a security implication - solutions. that is key. it is a security implication view- solutions. that is key. it is a - security implication view because when i look at neighbouring jordan their amount of water per person per capita is now 80 cubic metres and at the turn of the century it was 31100. that's an extraordinary drop. they have enough water for 3 million people and they have 10 million people and they have 10 million people in the country. that is on your board in an area that is very fragile, so it is a security risk ? on your border. it fragile, so it is a security risk ? on your border.— fragile, so it is a security risk ? on your border. it is a question of national security _ on your border. it is a question of national security but _ on your border. it is a question of national security but we - on your border. it is a question of national security but we have - on your border. it is a question of national security but we have a i on your border. it is a question of. national security but we have a good relationship with jordan national security but we have a good relationship withjordan which we are improving and we have over 25 year peace treaty with jordan and just recently we doubled the amount of water that weeks out to jordan. we see that as an act of sharing ? the amount of water that we send out to jordan. the amount of water that we send out tojordan. i5 the amount of water that we send out to jordan. , ., _ ., , ., to jordan. is it easy to share given the politics? _ to jordan. is it easy to share given the politics? actually, _ to jordan. is it easy to share given the politics? actually, we - to jordan. is it easy to share given the politics? actually, we can. - to jordan. is it easy to share given the politics? actually, we can. we have the technologies _ the politics? actually, we can. we have the technologies which - the politics? actually, we can. we have the technologies which we i the politics? actually, we can. we i have the technologies which we take water from the sea and we use it in agriculture and our domestic consumption but also we sell it to our neighbours and we see this as an act of good neighbours but also as a question of national security and stability of the region. we are invested in that we have the recent accord with the emirates and other countries in the middle east, and we see huge opportunities to make this crisis of scarce resources and opportunity of regional cooperation and joint projects and innovation, that will also contribute to the stability of the region, so this is a win—win situation and it also fights climate change in the same way. fights climate change in the same wa . . , fights climate change in the same wa , ., , ., fights climate change in the same wa . . , . , fights climate change in the same wa. . ,. way. that is a very optimistic take on that. lovely _ way. that is a very optimistic take on that. lovely to _ way. that is a very optimistic take on that. lovely to see _ way. that is a very optimistic take on that. lovely to see you. - way. that is a very optimistic take on that. lovely to see you. best l way. that is a very optimistic take | on that. lovely to see you. best of luck with your negotiations.- luck with your negotiations. thank ou so luck with your negotiations. thank you so much- _ luck with your negotiations. thank you so much. that _ luck with your negotiations. thank you so much. that is _ luck with your negotiations. thank you so much. that is the - luck with your negotiations. thank you so much. that is the word - luck with your negotiations. thank. you so much. that is the word from israel. so prince charles, the heir to the british throne, has stressed the urgency of dealing with the climate crisis and has called on leaders to engage the private sector more fully and put the world on a 'war—like footing'. let's have a listen to more of what he had to say. we know this will take trillions and not billions of dollars. we also note that countries, many of whom are burdened by growing levels of debt, simply cannot afford to go green. here we need a vast military style campaign to marshal the strength of the global private sector, with trillions at its disposal, far beyond global gdp, and with the greatest respect, beyond even the governments of the world's leaders, it offers the only real prospect of achieving fundamental economic transition.— prospect of achieving fundamental economic transition. prince charles talkin: economic transition. prince charles talking earlier. _ economic transition. prince charles talking earlier. we _ economic transition. prince charles talking earlier. we talk— economic transition. prince charles talking earlier. we talk about - economic transition. prince charles talking earlier. we talk about state j talking earlier. we talk about state finance but harnessing the private finance but harnessing the private finance is so important and getting the multilateral banks engaged in this issue even more important. i'm joined now from the director general of the world trade organisation, ngozi okonjo—iweala. lovely to have you with us. you have a key role to play in this summit. let's talk about what is going on in the background at the moment. they are finalising the rule book, the paris rule book, transparency, timescales. you have talked about the necessity of setting a rule book for carbon. i'm getting a global carbon price. ? and getting. why is that so important?— carbon price. ? and getting. why is that so important? what we have at the moment — that so important? what we have at the moment is _ that so important? what we have at the moment is a _ that so important? what we have at the moment is a patchwork- that so important? what we have at the moment is a patchwork of- the moment is a patchwork of different approaches to carbon pricing and carbon taxation. 69 fragmented systems. that is very difficult for business people to navigate from one country to the other. especially small and medium enterprises. so, ithink, in order to make things more consistent, it would be better to have a global carbon price, and to set it we must be very inclusive. we must make sure it takes into account the concerns of developing countries, of the poorer countries. 50 of developing countries, of the poorer countries.— of developing countries, of the poorer countries. so it would be almost like _ poorer countries. so it would be almost like a _ poorer countries. so it would be almost like a currency, - poorer countries. so it would be almost like a currency, it - poorer countries. so it would be almost like a currency, it would| almost like a currency, it would have a value which would be traded up have a value which would be traded up and down but there would be one for the world and that would make sure, would it, that if you wanted, if you saw in one market a very high price of carbon, you could not suddenly switch to another part of the world where the price might be much lower?— much lower? yes, this is the so-called — much lower? yes, this is the so-called carbon _ much lower? yes, this is the so-called carbon leakage - much lower? yes, this is the i so-called carbon leakage which much lower? yes, this is the - so-called carbon leakage which we so—called carbon leakage which we talk about. it would really make things much more consistent, but it has to be designed in a way that it is also not consistent with the ability of developing countries to work within that system. what ability of developing countries to work within that system. what about a carbon border— work within that system. what about a carbon border tax _ work within that system. what about a carbon border tax which _ work within that system. what about a carbon border tax which the - work within that system. what about a carbon border tax which the eu - work within that system. what about j a carbon border tax which the eu has been talking about? the system by which the large carbon emitters could not export to another, undercutting those companies in those countries which are behaving more properly? do you think that should be rolled out around the world? , ._ ., should be rolled out around the world? , ., world? put it this way, a carbon border tax. _ world? put it this way, a carbon border tax, let's _ world? put it this way, a carbon border tax, let's say _ world? put it this way, a carbon border tax, let's say it - world? put it this way, a carbon border tax, let's say it is - world? put it this way, a carbon border tax, let's say it is an - border tax, let's say it is an environmental policy, environmental policies are not really against wto rules unless they encourage protectionism, so we have to watch that, that it doesn't discriminate, especially against poor countries. i think the carbon border tax now, the devil is in the details. without knowing the details of the design we can't say how it would work. i think it is going to be something not easy to implement but let's see how it works. however, it is one of 68 different approaches and that is why i think we need to approach the carbon pricing issue differently. the oecd is starting work and the world bank and the imf and so is the wto, and so leaders should call these four organisations and get them together to develop a common approach. them together to develop a common a- roach. ., , ., ., ~ them together to develop a common a--roach. ., , ., . ~ ., them together to develop a common a--roach. ., , ., . ~' ., approach. lovely to talk to you. thanks for _ approach. lovely to talk to you. thanks forjoining _ approach. lovely to talk to you. thanks forjoining us. _ approach. lovely to talk to you. thanks forjoining us. let's - approach. lovely to talk to you. thanks forjoining us. let's nowj thanks forjoining us. let's now talk about the protests which are happening here. i passed a number of protesters on the way into the building, how many are there? aha, protesters on the way into the building, how many are there? a good coule of building, how many are there? a good couple of hundred _ building, how many are there? a good couple of hundred down _ building, how many are there? a good couple of hundred down here - building, how many are there? a good couple of hundred down here on - building, how many are there? a good couple of hundred down here on the i couple of hundred down here on the river clyde, just across from where the cop is taking place. small scale protests all around and this perhaps is one of the largest. very strong emotions. i am with colette from botswana. you were speaking, what was the message, what was your message? my was the message, what was your messaue? g , , ., was the message, what was your messaue? g , ., ., message? my message is that we do not want to have _ message? my message is that we do not want to have the _ message? my message is that we do not want to have the same _ not want to have the same conferences every single day and we don't _ conferences every single day and we don't want _ conferences every single day and we don't want to have global leaders coming _ don't want to have global leaders coming from their countries and just coming _ coming from their countries and just coming to— coming from their countries and just coming to congratulate themselves. they keep _ coming to congratulate themselves. they keep on investing in fossil fuel industries and they keep on, they come — fuel industries and they keep on, they come here to say, they keep on saying _ they come here to say, they keep on saying to, _ they come here to say, they keep on saying to, we are doing better, but every— saying to, we are doing better, but every year— saying to, we are doing better, but every year it — saying to, we are doing better, but every year it is always the same and it is always — every year it is always the same and it is always this fancy meetings which _ it is always this fancy meetings which we — it is always this fancy meetings which we are not invited to that no one is— which we are not invited to that no one is invited to. we have no answers— one is invited to. we have no answers but they are there. so we are here _ answers but they are there. so we are here to— answers but they are there. so we are here to fight, to say, we will unite _ are here to fight, to say, we will unite together.— are here to fight, to say, we will unite together. there was a lot of an . er unite together. there was a lot of anger amongst — unite together. there was a lot of anger amongst the _ unite together. there was a lot of anger amongst the speakers. - unite together. there was a lot of anger amongst the speakers. we | unite together. there was a lot of - anger amongst the speakers. we have eve riaht anger amongst the speakers. we have every right to — anger amongst the speakers. we have every right to be _ anger amongst the speakers. we have every right to be angry _ anger amongst the speakers. we have every right to be angry because - every right to be angry because these _ every right to be angry because these global leaders have been doing it over— these global leaders have been doing it over and _ these global leaders have been doing it overand again these global leaders have been doing it over and again and they have been making _ it over and again and they have been making empty promises. no more empty promises _ making empty promises. no more empty romises. , ., making empty promises. no more empty romises. , . , promises. greta thunberg said the chance is promises. greta thunberg said the change is not _ promises. greta thunberg said the change is not going _ promises. greta thunberg said the change is not going to _ promises. greta thunberg said the change is not going to come - promises. greta thunberg said the change is not going to come from | change is not going to come from inside, what did she mean by that? it means... sorry?— it means... sorry? change has to come from _ it means... sorry? change has to come from the _ it means... sorry? change has to come from the people? - it means... sorry? change has to come from the people? yes, - it means... sorry? change has to - come from the people? yes, because we are the people _ come from the people? yes, because we are the people and _ come from the people? yes, because we are the people and if _ come from the people? yes, because we are the people and if we _ come from the people? yes, because we are the people and if we unite - we are the people and if we unite together— we are the people and if we unite together we can fight this crisis, and we — together we can fight this crisis, and we will overcome it. this together we can fight this crisis, and we will overcome it.- together we can fight this crisis, and we will overcome it. this is a week of action _ and we will overcome it. this is a week of action for _ and we will overcome it. this is a week of action for you? - and we will overcome it. this is a week of action for you? what - and we will overcome it. this is a i week of action for you? what about the march on friday? i am week of action for you? what about the march on friday?— the march on friday? i am staying here. we the march on friday? i am staying here- we are _ the march on friday? i am staying here. we are going _ the march on friday? i am staying here. we are going to _ the march on friday? i am staying here. we are going to be - the march on friday? i am staying here. we are going to be also - here. we are going to be also striking — here. we are going to be also striking on friday.— here. we are going to be also striking on friday. thank you very much. striking on friday. thank you very much- you _ striking on friday. thank you very much. you might _ striking on friday. thank you very much. you might have _ striking on friday. thank you very much. you might have got - striking on friday. thank you very much. you might have got a - striking on friday. thank you very| much. you might have got a sense there of strong emotions, amongst there of strong emotions, amongst the future movement, just a couple of hundred people here but they are very loud and they are not going away. big march expected on friday and they are hoping that leaders across the river clyde will somehow, that the message will somehow get across. ., that the message will somehow get across. . , ., ., . ., across. that frustration echoed in the room. — across. that frustration echoed in the room. as _ across. that frustration echoed in the room, as well, _ across. that frustration echoed in the room, as well, this _ across. that frustration echoed in | the room, as well, this afternoon. we will hear from the prime minister of antigua who represents the small island states. you will hear the same frustration from him later on. borisjohnson says world leaders need to move from 'aspiration to action' in order to slow global warming. he's been speaking to our climate editor, justin rowlatt. would you say you are now an environmentalist, mrjohnson? i've always been a passionate lover of the natural world, but it was only really on becoming prime minister, seeing the, er, the upward spike in the temperature change. there's absolutely no doubt about it. we have to fix this thing. we are all thinking about our own carbon footprint. what is the... laughter what is thejohnson household doing? go on! obviously, i've totally abolished commuting since i, i, i live above my place of work. but what i used to do is, i used to cycle absolutely everywhere. on the big issue, the cop26 summit, it isn't brexit that in the long term you're going to be remembered for. you're going to be remembered for the deal that you bring back from glasgow, because that is the one that's going to affect the climate that we all endure or live in for decades, centuries, thousands of years, possibly. that is the tragedy of it. i don't think people realise that the difference between 1.5, restraining it to 1.5 degrees, increasing 1.5 degrees and two degrees, is the difference between losing 70% of the world's coral reefs at 1.5 degrees and losing all of them at two degrees. that is an appalling prospect. everybody knows that it's the uk that's out in front. when i was a kid, 80% of our power came from coal. when i was mayor of london, it was lio%. it's now 1%. let's talk about coal. that's an amazing... let's talk about coal, and i know everybody asks you this question, but you're going to china, you're going to india, you're going to the developing world, saying, "phase out coal", at the same time as not ruling out a new coal mine in britain — a new coal mine in britain! we started the industrial revolution, we should close the mines! i've just given you the statistics, before you have... ah, but why don't you just say, we're not going to open them? i've just given you the statistics... why don't we be clear on the coalmine? the chinese will say, "we can't take this guy seriously." well, sorry, but what absolutely everybody finds incontrovertible is the progress the uk has already made. i'm sorry to bang on about the coal, but the point is, you can't... you know, it makes you look... makes you look a little bit weaselly, not answering the coal question, because they're going to go and you're talking about coal. sorry, i've answered the coal question. directly. and let me tell you directly, we are yes or no on the coalmine? what do you reckon? i'm not in favour of more coal, let's be absolutely clear, but it's not a decision for me. it's a decision for local planning authorities. you're about to go to glasgow, how confident are you about the outcome? i've told you, i think it's in the balance, i think that we have had a decent outcome at the g20 so far but everybody has got a lot more to do. the prime minister borisjohnson. friends of the earth said yesterday that there are still lio fossil fuel projects in the pipeline in the uk, not all of them approved, but they will come under much greater scrutiny after this summit and the things borisjohnson has said. we are going to be live with special programming throughout the summit. we have a special programme tonight atjust after eight o'clock. we have various guests including an adviser tojoe biden and a ? representatives from iceland, a country very much affected by climate change. we are expecting to hear from, affected by climate change. we are expecting to hearfrom, i think affected by climate change. we are expecting to hear from, i think that is the prime minister of the suso. we are going to hearfrom narendra modi very soon, that will be the prime minister of india with his thoughts. stay with us. hello. no pressure is moving out into the north sea, although still influencing the weather today, wet and windy in northern scotland and that rain has affected central regions with lots of showers elsewhere and a blustery wind. the winds are starting to ease a little and the rain is starting to fragment but it will remain quite wet across the north of scotland. near gale force winds here. tempering the feel here, only 9—10 anyway. sunshine in parts of north—eastern england to end the day. showers will continue as we go through this evening especially over northern and western areas, you can see the direction changes to a north—westerly, turning colder. overnight temperatures will fall within a couple of degrees are freezing for parts of england and wales and a touch of frost in rural areas and not far shy of that in parts of scotland and northern ireland as well. the low pressure moves out of the north sea tomorrow and there could be a bit of mist and fog to clear from southern and eastern areas and in the midlands because of the lighter winds, but good spells of sunshine. showers are pestering northern and western areas and may be on to the eastern side of the north sea coast. 10—11, but we will notice it will feel colder especially if you are caught in the breeze. through tuesday night and into wednesday, it looks colder still. a few showers around pestering both eastern and western coasts but inland a touch of frost for scotland and northern ireland and probably quite a bit more fog on wednesday morning, that is a concern. at this time of year it doesn't really clear until late morning. that is something for the morning. that is something for the morning rush. after that, brighter skies but you can see the showers coming down on the northerly breeze, just 8—9, it will feel cold on wednesday. especially where the fog lingers. thursday, atlantic influence coming to the north and west but you can see here a rash of showers for east anglia and the south—east, so eastern areas will catch more showers and then it is all change as we head towards the end of the week. high pressure topples them to bring a drier weather to enter the working week but then we get the mild atlantic influence as we go through the weekend. ? to end the working week. hello, this is bbc news. the headlines: world leaders have gathered in glasgow for the cop26 climate summit — at the opening ceremony, borisjohnson warned that younger generations will remember if leaders don't act now. if we fail, they will not forgive us. they will note that glasgow was the historic turning point when history failed to turn. world leaders including us presidentjoe biden are at the summit, but chinese leader xi jinping and russian president vladimir putin are not attending. sir david attenborough has urged that the motivation to rescue our planet shouldn't be "fear", but "hope." in my lifetime, i have witnessed a terrible _ in my lifetime, i have witnessed a terrible decline. in yours, you could — terrible decline. in yours, you could and _ terrible decline. in yours, you could and should witness a wonderful recovery _ all this comes as un scientists warn that extreme weather events are the new normal, and the past seven years are on course to be the hottest on record. sport now, and a full round—up from the bbc sport centre. good afternoon. tottenham are in advanced negotiations with former chelsea boss antonio conte about becoming their new manager. the club sacked nuno espirito santo this morning, afterjust four months in charge. conte will hold face—to—face talks later on monday, with an announcement possible as early as tuesday. chairman daniel levy and managing director fabio paratici are moving quickly to secure a new manager for spurs, who lie 8th in the table, afterjust two wins in the last seven league games. conte left inter milan in may after winning the serie a title in summer, he was nominated to be the first man of choice. why was that not done then, because then you would have continuity? why is he coming in on a short—term, halfway through the preseason. i suddenly now, wasting time and reputation, and money as well. they could have built up a team. that is my main question. england are in action at the t20 men's world cup right now, taking on sri lanka in sharjah. their opponents won the toss and elected to bowl. and england were wobbling early on. jason roy bowled for nine in the second over, before dawid malan and jonny bairstow lost their wickets in quick succession to put england in a tricky position at 35 for 3. but up stepped jos buttler — magnificent showing from him, 101 not out to guide england to 163 from their 20 overs. in reply, sri lanka are 50—3 after eight overs. cameron norrie's hopes of reaching the atp finals later this month are still alive after beating federico delbonis at the paris masters. the british number one, who's seeded tenth at this tournament, beat the argentine in straight sets in just over an hour. it wasn't an easy finish, though, as he endured a 27—shot rally before securing the 100th atp tour win of his career. over 50 olympic and paralympic athletes from more than lio countries have recorded a message urging world leaders to "show ambition and courage" at the cop 26 summit in glasgow. entitled "dear leaders of the world", the video is due to be shown to those attending the conference, and members of the public. jane dougall reports ms is designed to hit home. as wellesley —— as well do leaders gather in glasgow, sportspeople have joined together to send this message. the environment has become a concern for many athletes who see the impact first hand. double olympic gold medallist hannah mills started campaigning after the rio olympics in 2016. ., , a' ., in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in — in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in terms _ in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in terms of _ in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in terms of how— in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in terms of how bad - in 2016. nowhere struck me as much as rio had in terms of how bad the i as rio had in terms of how bad the plastic pollution problem was. there were a number of reasons why it was so stark and so apparent in rio. it got to me. cop26 could stage discussions on how sport could rest its own carbon footprint. hannah wanted to do more. a month ago she and melissa wilson came up with the idea for the video. we were sat in a cafe in poole and throwing some ideas around and we thought what could be more direct than a video with athletes speaking directly to world leaders to be shown just ahead of cop26 to say this is when we really need ambition and that is what we showed in the summer and that is what is really needed now. we have athletes from nearly 50 different countries and we have an athlete from saudi arabia, qatar, australia, the us, really important nations, every nation is important but these are really important nations in this climate context, so i think it does feel like a real moment to have these athletes come together and look at the camera and say this is what needs to happen. sport is one part of a greater picture _ they give us so many incredible moments because athletes dedicate themselves completely. they hope that sentiment persuades by global leaders to commit to preserving and protecting the planet. just before i go, i can update you on the cricket. sri lanka havejust lost another wicket, they are now 57-4, lost another wicket, they are now 57—4, chasing england's target of 164. you can follow that on the bbc sport website. that's it from me. thank you. a man who admitted killing two women in 1987 also abused female corpses in two hospital morgues, a court has been told. 67—year—old david fuller has admitted killing two young women, wendy knell and caroline pierce, in kent. but he denies murder, on the grounds of diminished responsibility. the court heard the sexual offences took place in the mortuaries of the kent and sussex hospital and the tunbridge wells hospital in pembury, which replaced it. our home affairs correspondent, tom symonds, has the details. wendy and caroline were young women who lived in bedsits in tunbridge wells in the 1980s. this case has taken more than 30 years to come to court. david fuller is accused of murdering both of them. wendy knelt�*s body was found in her bedsit. caroline pierce's body was found in a drainage ditch in romney marsh, about lio miles away. david fuller, as i said, is accused of murdering them, but he has admitted killing both young women. he has said that he did so because he was suffering from a mental condition which amounted to him not being responsible for what he was doing. an argument of diminished responsibility. opening the case this morning, the prosecutor said there was a different and clear explanation for the defendant's behaviour. he said that mr had a desire for sexual gratification through the observation and identification of vulnerable women. —— mr fuller had a desire. he said that that behaviour linked him with caroline and wendy's deaths. we also heard in evidence that the jury was told would be difficult for them to hear during this trial that david fuller worked at two hospitals, the kent and sussex and the tunbridge wells hospital at pembrey, which replaced it. he had access to the mortuary, the court was told that david fuller had sexually abused the dead bodies of women being stored in the mortuary. in other submissions to thejury, the prosecution the mortuary. in other submissions to the jury, the prosecution said that there was strong dna evidence linking david fuller with both deaths, with both wendy was micro—death and caroline's death, and a fingerprint in blood which matched david. rescuers in nigeria are searching for survivors after a high—rise building collapsed in the capital, lagos. the block of flats — more than 20 storeys high — was under construction and there are fears that up to 100 workers may have been inside. it isn't clear what brought the building down, but construction safety standards in nigeria are notoriously lax. a train driver is said to have "life—changing" injuries after a crash in a tunnel in salisbury. two trains collided yesterday evening. passengers were thrown from their seats and 1a were treated in hospital. travellers are being warned that the line may be shut for some days. andrew plant reports. twisted off their tracks and lying side—by—side, still blocking this tunnel on the edge of salisbury. the two passenger trains collided — one already partially derailed, the other on the same line coming up seven minutes behind. there were around 100 passengers on board, badly shaken but most able to walk to safety. suddenly there was this horrible noise and itjust started to tilt and fall over, and we all fell over in the carriage. there was this massive impact and i fell across the table and then the table came off the wall and ended up underneath another table. there was suddenly a lot ofjostling, possessionsl being thrown around. i think a few people went forward and hit their heads. _ more than a dozen people were taken to hospital, including one train driver who had to be cut free. it's not yet clear what caused the first train to partially derail or why the second train wasn't given an emergency stop signal, but continued apparently unaware a stationary train was waiting along the line. i'm very thankful there were no fatalities. there were some injuries to customers and our driver so they have all been looked after, our customes, we are giving support to those affected and today our focus is on working with the british transport police and the investigating authorities to find out what's happened here. there are warning systems in place that should have alerted the approaching train long before any collision occurred. network rail say this line could be out of action for several days while investigators try to work out exactly what went wrong. andrew plant, bbc news, in salisbury. british transport police have sought to dampen speculation the first train might have hit something on the track. specialist officers and detectives remain on scene in salisbury, and we are working closely alongside the rail accident investigation branch, at the office of rail and road, to establish exactly how these two trains came to collide. we are keeping an open mind, but at this early—stage, there has been nothing to suggest the train struck an object, orthat to suggest the train struck an object, or that there was any significant delay between the trains colliding and one derailing. let us take you back to cop 26. translation: we let us take you back to cop 26. translation:— let us take you back to cop 26. translation: we must all work to . ether. translation: we must all work together. everyone _ translation: we must all work together. everyone must- translation: we must all work together. everyone must get - translation: we must all work- together. everyone must get together and talk— together. everyone must get together and talk to— together. everyone must get together and talk to each other. they should also he _ and talk to each other. they should also he a _ and talk to each other. they should also be a meeting of the mines. friends, — also be a meeting of the mines. friends, when i attended my first climate _ friends, when i attended my first climate summit in paris, it was not with the _ climate summit in paris, it was not with the intention of adding my own promise _ with the intention of adding my own promise to — with the intention of adding my own promise to the several promises being _ promise to the several promises being made by the world. i came to paris _ being made by the world. i came to paris with— being made by the world. i came to paris with the concern for all of mankind — paris with the concern for all of mankind i_ paris with the concern for all of mankind. i came to paris as a representative of a culture that has given _ representative of a culture that has given the _ representative of a culture that has given the message that says that everyone — given the message that says that everyone should be happy, and therefore — everyone should be happy, and therefore the event in paris was not 'ust therefore the event in paris was not just a _ therefore the event in paris was not just a summit for me, it was a sentiment _ just a summit for me, it was a sentiment of commitment. it was not india that _ sentiment of commitment. it was not india that was making those promises to the _ india that was making those promises to the world, it was promises that 1.25 to the world, it was promises that 125 billion — to the world, it was promises that 1.25 billion indians were making to themselves. i am 1.25 billion indians were making to themselves. lam pleased 1.25 billion indians were making to themselves. i am pleased that a developing country like india, which is working _ developing country like india, which is working on lifting millions of people — is working on lifting millions of people out of poverty, that is working — people out of poverty, that is working day and night to ensure ease of living _ working day and night to ensure ease of living for— working day and night to ensure ease of living for millions of people, and india — of living for millions of people, and india which represents 17% of the wells — and india which represents 17% of the well's population, but is responsible for only 5% of global emissions, it is that india that has spared _ emissions, it is that india that has spared no — emissions, it is that india that has spared no effort in fulfilling its duty — spared no effort in fulfilling its duty. today, the entire world acknowledges that india is the only bil acknowledges that india is the only big economy in the world that has delivered — big economy in the world that has delivered both in letter and spirit on its _ delivered both in letter and spirit on its paris commitments. we are making _ on its paris commitments. we are making all— on its paris commitments. we are making all possible efforts in a resolute — making all possible efforts in a resolute manner. we are working hard, _ resolute manner. we are working hard. and — resolute manner. we are working hard, and we will show results, friends — hard, and we will show results, friends. today, i have come to be with all— friends. today, i have come to be with all of— friends. today, i have come to be with all of you, and i have also brought— with all of you, and i have also brought with me india's track record — brought with me india's track record. what i have to say to you is not just _ record. what i have to say to you is not just words, record. what i have to say to you is notjust words, it is record. what i have to say to you is not just words, it is a record. what i have to say to you is notjust words, it is a call for a bright — notjust words, it is a call for a bright future for the generations to come _ bright future for the generations to come in _ bright future for the generations to come. in terms of installed renewable energy capacity, india is ranked _ renewable energy capacity, india is ranked fourth in the world. india has increased its nonfossil fuel energy— has increased its nonfossil fuel energy by 25%. this now represents 40% of— energy by 25%. this now represents 40% of our— energy by 25%. this now represents 40% of our energy mix. friends, more people _ 40% of our energy mix. friends, more people travel— 40% of our energy mix. friends, more people travel on the indian railways every— people travel on the indian railways every year— people travel on the indian railways every year than the entire population of the world. this huge railway— population of the world. this huge railway system has committed to attain _ railway system has committed to attain net — railway system has committed to attain net zero by 2030. this initiative _ attain net zero by 2030. this initiative alone will reduce carbon emissions — initiative alone will reduce carbon emissions by 60 million tonnes annually, — emissions by 60 million tonnes annually, the same way our big led bulbs _ annually, the same way our big led bulbs campaign is reducing emissions by 40 _ bulbs campaign is reducing emissions by 40 million tonnes annually. today. — by 40 million tonnes annually. today, india is working on many such initiatives _ today, india is working on many such initiatives with a firm well. at the same _ initiatives with a firm well. at the same time — initiatives with a firm well. at the same time, with a view to collaborating with the world, it has also offered international solutions, a revolutionary step to support _ solutions, a revolutionary step to support solar power coaster we have created _ support solar power coaster we have created the _ support solar power coaster we have created the coalition for disaster resistant— created the coalition for disaster resistant infrastructure. this is an important — resistant infrastructure. this is an important and sensitive initiative that will— important and sensitive initiative that will help to save millions of lives _ that will help to save millions of lives. friends, iwould that will help to save millions of lives. friends, i would also like to draw— lives. friends, i would also like to draw your— lives. friends, i would also like to draw your attention to another important subject. today, the world acknowledges that lifestyles play a very important role in climate change — very important role in climate change. today, iwould very important role in climate change. today, i would like to suggest — change. today, i would like to suggest to you a one world movement. in the _ suggest to you a one world movement. in the context of climate, it can become — in the context of climate, it can become the key basis for one world, it can _ become the key basis for one world, it can become the foundation for it. this word _ it can become the foundation for it. this word is — it can become the foundation for it. this word is life. that is lifestyle for environment. today, it is necessary— for environment. today, it is necessary that all of us come together— necessary that all of us come together as a collective partnership, and take lifestyle for environment forward as a movement. lifestyle _ environment forward as a movement. lifestyle for _ environment forward as a movement. lifestyle for environment or life can be — lifestyle for environment or life can be given an institutional framework, it can become a mass movement— framework, it can become a mass movement for an environmentally conscious— movement for an environmentally conscious lifestyle. instead of mindless and destructive consumption, we need mindfuland deliberate — consumption, we need mindfuland deliberate utilisation. this movement can help us to achieve goals— movement can help us to achieve goals that — movement can help us to achieve goals that can bring about a revolutionary change in diverse areas _ revolutionary change in diverse areas such _ revolutionary change in diverse areas such as fishing, agriculture, dietary— areas such as fishing, agriculture, dietary choices, packaging, housing, hospitality. — dietary choices, packaging, housing, hospitality, tourism, clothing, fashion, — hospitality, tourism, clothing, fashion, water management and energy as well~ _ fashion, water management and energy as well. these are subjects where each _ as well. these are subjects where each of _ as well. these are subjects where each of us — as well. these are subjects where each of us makes conscious choices everyday _ each of us makes conscious choices everyday. these choices made across the world _ everyday. these choices made across the world by— everyday. these choices made across the world by millions and millions of people — the world by millions and millions of people can come every day, take the fight _ of people can come every day, take the fight against climate change 1 billion— the fight against climate change 1 billion steps further. i consider that this — billion steps further. i consider that this can be a movement that, from _ that this can be a movement that, from an— that this can be a movement that, from an economic point of view, from a scientific— from an economic point of view, from a scientific point of view, and based — a scientific point of view, and based on _ a scientific point of view, and based on the experience of past centuries, — based on the experience of past centuries, will help us to overcome all challenges. this is the only way to go— all challenges. this is the only way to go from — all challenges. this is the only way to go from the self to the macro level~ _ to go from the self to the macro level. friends, during this global brainstorming on climate change, i would _ brainstorming on climate change, i would like — brainstorming on climate change, i would like to put before you, on behalf _ would like to put before you, on behalf of — would like to put before you, on behalf of india, five key points to fi-ht behalf of india, five key points to fight this— behalf of india, five key points to fight this challenge. it is a gift of five — fight this challenge. it is a gift of five electors. firstly, india will increase its nonfossil energy capacity— will increase its nonfossil energy capacity to 500 gigawatts by 2030. secondly, india will fulfil 50% of its energy requirements from renewable energy sources by 2030. thirdly. _ renewable energy sources by 2030. thirdly, between now and 2030, india will reduce _ thirdly, between now and 2030, india will reduce its total projected carbon— will reduce its total projected carbon emissions byi billion tonnes _ carbon emissions byi billion tonnes. fourthly, by 2030, india will reduce — tonnes. fourthly, by 2030, india will reduce the carbon intensity of its economy by 45%. fifthly, by 2070, — its economy by 45%. fifthly, by 2070, india will achieve the target of net _ 2070, india will achieve the target of net to— 2070, india will achieve the target of net to zero emissions. these five electors _ of net to zero emissions. these five electors will — of net to zero emissions. these five electors will be an unprecedented contribution by india towards climate — contribution by india towards climate action. friends, all of us are aware — climate action. friends, all of us are aware of the reality that the promises — are aware of the reality that the promises made so far on climate finance _ promises made so far on climate finance have only proved to be hollow — finance have only proved to be hollow. as we are all increasing our ambitions _ hollow. as we are all increasing our ambitions with respect to climate action, _ ambitions with respect to climate action, the world's ambition towards climate _ action, the world's ambition towards climate finance cannot be at the same _ climate finance cannot be at the same level as they were during the paris _ same level as they were during the paris agreement. india has resolved to move _ paris agreement. india has resolved to move forward with new commitments and with— to move forward with new commitments and with a _ to move forward with new commitments and with a new energy. at such a time. _ and with a new energy. at such a time, climate finance and the transfer— time, climate finance and the transfer of low—cost climate technologies becomes even more important. india expects developed countries _ important. india expects developed countries to make $1 trillion available as climate finance as soon as possible — available as climate finance as soon as possible. today, as we track the progress _ as possible. today, as we track the progress on — as possible. today, as we track the progress on climate mitigation, in the same — progress on climate mitigation, in the same way, we must also track climate _ the same way, we must also track climate finance, justice would be truly _ climate finance, justice would be truly served if pressure is put on those _ truly served if pressure is put on those countries that have not lived up those countries that have not lived up to _ those countries that have not lived up to their— those countries that have not lived up to their climate finance commitments. today, india is moving forward _ commitments. today, india is moving forward with _ commitments. today, india is moving forward with a great deal of courage and ambition on the subject of climate — and ambition on the subject of climate. india also understands and shares _ climate. india also understands and shares the — climate. india also understands and shares the pain of other developing countries. — shares the pain of other developing countries, and has continuously been vocal— countries, and has continuously been vocal about— countries, and has continuously been vocal about their expectations. for many— vocal about their expectations. for many developing countries, climate change _ many developing countries, climate change is _ many developing countries, climate change is a — many developing countries, climate change is a very big crisis looming before _ change is a very big crisis looming before them, one that threatens their— before them, one that threatens their very— before them, one that threatens their very existence. today, to save their very existence. today, to save the world. _ their very existence. today, to save the world, we willjust have to take bil the world, we willjust have to take big steps — the world, we willjust have to take big steps. this is indeed the need of the _ big steps. this is indeed the need of the hour, and it is this that will also — of the hour, and it is this that will also prove the relevance of this forum. i am sure that the decisions _ this forum. i am sure that the decisions taken in glasgow will safeguard the future of generations to come. _ safeguard the future of generations to come, and will give them a secure and prosperous life. thank you. i have _ and prosperous life. thank you. i have taken— and prosperous life. thank you. i have taken extra time, i request your— have taken extra time, i request your forgiveness, have taken extra time, i request yourforgiveness, but have taken extra time, i request your forgiveness, but i believe it is my— your forgiveness, but i believe it is my duty— your forgiveness, but i believe it is my duty to raise a voice for developing countries, and therefore i have _ developing countries, and therefore i have focused on it once again. i thank— i have focused on it once again. i thank you — i have focused on it once again. i thank you very much. very interesting comments. he said india's— interesting comments. he said india's any demand —— energy demand is set— india's any demand —— energy demand is set to— india's any demand —— energy demand is set to increase sharply. he india's any demand -- energy demand is set to increase sharply.— is set to increase sharply. he now sa s net is set to increase sharply. he now says net to _ is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero _ is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero x _ is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero x 2070. - is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero x 2070. that - is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero x 2070. that is i is set to increase sharply. he now says net to zero x 2070. that is a | says net to zero x 2070. that is a long way ahead. another country that has not set any targets, is australia. scott morrison is talking now. ., . . , australia. scott morrison is talking now. . .. , ., ., now. the vaccines we would need had not only not — now. the vaccines we would need had not only not been _ now. the vaccines we would need had not only not been invented, _ now. the vaccines we would need had not only not been invented, but - not only not been invented, but they had never been a vaccine for a coronavirus. but here we are. billions vaccinated, and the world is reclaiming what covid 19 has taken from us. the challenge of combating climate change will be met the same way, and it will be met by those who frankly are largely not in this room. it will be our scientists, our technologists, our engineers, our entrepreneurs, our industrialists and our financiers that will actually chart the path to net zero. it is up to us as leaders of governments to back them in. technology will have the answers to a d carbonised economy, particularly over time. a d carbonised economy, particularly overtime. it a d carbonised economy, particularly over time. it will be achieved in a way that does not deny our citizens, especially in developing economies, their livelihoods or the opportunity for a better quality—of—life. driving down the cost of technology and enabling it to be adopted at scale is at the core of the australian way to reach our target of net to zero emissions by 2050, that we are committing to add this cop 26. cleaner technology solutions must outcompete existing technologies if they are to be successful everywhere. and so in especially developing economies. this needs to work notjust in the developed economies of the north atlantic, but in the developing economies of the indo pacific as well. raising the cost of energy just impacts on those who can afford it least. driving the emergence of low emissions technologies and fostering their widespread adoption is at the heart of our plan to reach net zero. that is why we have set cost targets for clean hydrogen, low—cost solar, low carbon steel and aluminium. energy storage, carbon capture and storage and soil carbon. we are not starting from scratch. 90% of commercial solar cells use australian technology. australia has the best rates of rooftop solar in the best rates of rooftop solar in the world. our uptake of renewables is eight times faster than many of the world. we have already reduced emissions by 20%. over the same time, our economy has grown by 45%, proving that economic growth and jobsis proving that economic growth and jobs is not at odds with the emissions reductions. by 2030, our emissions reductions. by 2030, our emissions in australia will fall by 35% by 2030, far exceeding our paris commitment. australia meets and beats our commitments, and we are doubling our initial climate finance commitment for our pacific family and southeast asia partners to $2 billion. we are looking at partnerships with singapore, germany, the united kingdom, japan, korea and indonesia. we are close to concluding one with india as well. australia is investing $20 billion in the next decade to drive the transition, leveraging private sector investment to reach $80 billion in total. we are also working to establish high intensity offsets internationally, working with a close friends and neighbours in the pacific. the scene is set, global momentum to tackle climate change is building. countries with net zero commitments cover 80% of the world gdp. our scientists, japan is and investors, and our people are ready. the australian way is a great way ahead. it ready. the australian way is a great wa ahead. . , ready. the australian way is a great way ahead-— way ahead. it is my pleasure to welcome his — way ahead. it is my pleasure to welcome his excellency, - way ahead. it is my pleasure to welcome his excellency, the i welcome his excellency, the chancellor of austria. ladies and gentlemen, thank you for the opportunity to address this distant wish group in today. my thanks go to primary borisjohnson for convening a all here at this critical point in time for this critical point in time for this critical purpose. our world is still in a state of emergency and if the past 18 months of the pandemic has reminded us of one thing, it is that, in order to manage a global crisis effectively, we have to act fast and we have to act together. the same goes for our fight against climate change. i can assure you, austria is determined to play its part, together with our partners in europe and worldwide. domestically in austria, we are aiming at reaching net zero... we in austria, we are aiming at reaching net zero... we will stay with events _ reaching net zero... we will stay with events in _ reaching net zero. .. we will stay with events in glasgow- reaching net zero... we will stay with events in glasgow here - reaching net zero... we will stay with events in glasgow here on i reaching net zero... we will stay i with events in glasgow here on bbc news. we willjoin my colleague christian fraser shortly for continuing coverage of this vital climate summit in glasgow, cop 26. this is bbc news. i am christian fraser, live at the glasgow climate change summit. borisjohnson welcome to world leaders with a speech morning younger generations will remember if they don't act now. if we fail, they will not forgive us. they will know that glasgow was the historic turning point when history failed to turn.— historic turning point when history failed to turn. president biden says the fi . ht failed to turn. president biden says the fight against _ failed to turn. president biden says the fight against global— failed to turn. president biden says the fight against global warming i failed to turn. president biden says the fight against global warming is| the fight against global warming is a moral imperative and an economic opportunity. but the chinese and russian leaders are not attending. you in a scientists say extreme weather events are the new normal. the secretary general

Related Keywords

Bbc News , World Leaders , Opening Ceremony , Cop26 Climate Summit , In Glasgow , Gathering , Annita Mcveigh , Cop26 , Generations , Boris Johnson , Leaders Don T Act Now , Speech Warning , Glasgow , Us , History , Turning Point , Presidentjoe Biden , Leader , Vladimir Putin , Xi Jinping , Russian , Chinese , David Attenborough , Conference , Lifetime , Decline , Recovery , Yours , World Renowned Natural Historian , Rallying , Cry , Course , Scientists , Events , Record , Weather , Un , Seven , Hello , Coverage , Countries , Afternoon Joe Speeches , Delegates , Summit , Test , Make , Close , Global Warming , We Had 120 , 7 , 120 , Uk , Humanity , Host , Centre , Opening , Advance , Run Down The Clock , Leaders , Talks , Rebecca Morelle , Report , Break , Around The World , Warning , Flashing Images , Ourfirst , One , Planet , Prime Minister , G20 , Antonio Gutteres , Roll Call , Rome , Climate Activist Greta Thunberg , Royalty , Prince Charles , Scottish , Nicola Sturgeon , The Duchess Of Cornwall , 100 , Won T , Run , Clock , Absences , Doomsday Clock , Parties , Cop Stands , Cop267 Cop , Place , Action , Heart , 25000 , 26 , 1995 , World , Country , Economy , Problems , Negotiators , Two , Challenge , Agenda , Temperature , Discussion , 1 5 , Taxpayers Money , Aim , Focus , Territory , 100 Billion , 00 Billion , Nations , Steps , Order , Impacts , Region , Case , Damages , Loss , Indian Ocean , Pacific , Emissions , Polluters , Morning , Meetings , Conference Centre , Scene , Delays , Hundreds , 30 , Question , Protesters , Demand , People , Conservationist , Broadcaster , Thing , Generation , Commitments , Number , Result , Answer , Reason , Hope , 5ir World , Ladies And Gentlemen , 5 , Climate Negotiations , Story , Thank You , Urging , 12 , Way , Impacts7 , Subject , 26th Time , Here S 0ur Science , 0 , Correspondent Victoria Gill , Scale , Carbon Emissions , Climate Change Around The World , Deforestation , Climate , Impact , Everywhere , Effects , Home , Rise , Deserts , Triumph , 20 , Paris , Cop , Warming , Threshold Scientists , Negotiation , Celsius , Treaty , 2015 , 196 , It , Plans , Carbon , Goal , Net Zero , Atmosphere , Target , Middle , Zero , 200 , British Government , Success , Strategy , Electricity Supply , Willingness , Reduction , Fossil Fuels , More , Goals , Cars , Phasing , Sale , Petrol , Costa Rica , 2035 , 2030 , Economies , Resources , Fact , Work , Deal , Negotiations , Pledges , Excuse , On A Path , 2 7 , Isjennifer Morgan , Greenpeace International , Reaction , Communiqu , Tone , 2050 , Coal , Terms , Phase , Leadership , Dude , Table , Forum , Survival , Seat , Note , Need , Voices , Sense , Global Un , Big Emitters , Words , Concrete Set , Frustration , Italian , Infrastructure , Barbados , Moral Imperative , Emotion , Listening , Speeches , Trades , Truth , Havin , Situation , Existence , Instability , Ijust , Each Other , Pandemic , Word , Level , Dislikejoe Biden , Suffering , Inequities , Likejoe Biden , Script , Boast , Ursula Von Der Leyen , Activists , Lays , Hint Activists , Green Washing , The End , Hint , Politicians , Carbon Offsetting , Carbon Footprint , Otherfossilfuels , Idea , Science , Footprint , Carbon Footrint , Do Keep , Australia , Saudi Arabia , Green Wash , Notjust , Secretary General , Offsets , S Speech , Working Group , Announcements , Hts Integrity , Reasons , Approach , Human Rights Reasons , Scientific Inteuri , Loophole , Thoughts , Jennifer Morgan , Executive Director , Integrity , Com Integrity , Trees , Aspiration To Action , Climate Editor , Justin Rowlatt , Environmentalist , Lover , Mrjohnson7 , Thinking , Temperature Change , Doubt , Spike , Er , Commuting , Go On , Laughter , Thejohnson Household Doing7 , 0bviously , Term , Cop26 Summit , Difference , Thousands , Tragedy , Wall , Everybody , Prospect , Coral Reefs , 70 , Central London , Power , 80 , A0 , Talk , Front , Let S Talk About Coal , Mayor , Kid , Amazing , Let , 80 , 1 , Coal Mine , India , Don T , Statistics , Coalmine7 , Mines , Industrial Revolution , Point , Coal Question , Progress The Uk , Weaselly , Guy Seriously , Decision , Planning , Authorities , Favour , Outcome , Balance , Lot , Pictures , Picture , Banner , Vectoring Campaign , Veteran Campaigner , Youth Climate Activists , Blue Zone , Presence , Greta Thunberg Outside , References , Demands , Everything , Colleague , Globe , Faith , Christians , Area , Backdrop , Third , 2 5 Billion , Population , Say , Today7 , Battle , Byjustin Welby , Things , Edge , Interests , Thins , Anglicans , Forward , Global Christians , Justin Welby , Who , Global South , Surprise , Political Change , Obligation , Foundations , Creation , Obligation Creation , God , The Church , Church Of England , Places , Corner , Experience , Given , Strikin , Part , Lives , Conflict , Propellant , Times , Lost , Four , Ave Change , Attempt , Job , Change , Job Change , Mark , Second Times , Ten , The End Of Second World War , Second World War , Capacity , Analysis , There Isn T , World Economy , Promises , There Isn T Entire World Economy , Entire World Economy , Concrete Detail , Hat , Culture , Kind , Regulation , Incentives , Which , Magic Wand , Magic Which , Imperative , Serious , Sensible , Line , Poll , One Of Us , Majority , Cost , Sum , Price , Perspective , Family , Lane , Banks Run Into , 2008 , Trouble , Matter , Banks , Human Person , Three , 1 Trillion , Trillion , Life , Problem , Biodiversity , Death , Chaos , Children , Grandchildren , Threats , Now , Amount , Yes , Management , It Threats , Web Spending Money On , On , Heart Say , Mobilising , Coalition , Fund Managers , Fund , Fossil Fuel Exploration , Ida , Lse , Measurements , Initiative , Transition Pathway Initiative , 30 Trillion , 0 Trillion , Companies , Churches , Oil Companies , Ones , Conversion , 10000 , Targets , Pace , Door , Pressure , Some , Evidence , Prayer , Attitudes , Stance , Bigger , Company , Something , Paper , It Changing , Changing Companies , Ust , Families , Industry , Room , Eyes , Wool , Oil Industry , Care , Enemies , Language , Human Beings , Ve , Oil , Damage , Conversations , Man , Christian , Conversations Have , Knowin , Gas , Industries , Thanks , Thanks Forjoining , Wish , The Forjoining , Archbishop , Oinin , Droves , Ij The Studio , Lots , Patience , Oining Us , People Queueing , Move , Patients , Attribute , C40 , Scheme , Sadiq Khan , Roads , Ultra Low Emissions Zone Expansion , North And South Circular , Cities , Half , One Direction , Climate Emergency , Solution , A Hundred , Los Angeles , Barcelona , 700 Million , Climate Crisis , Governments , Emotion Listening , Trade Unions , Community Groups , Emotion Listenin , Civic Society , Initiatives , Effort Climate Change , Raft , Colleagues , S Ueakin , Commitment , Government , Prime List , French , Persuading , Failure , Lobbying , Example , Football , Responsibility , Side , Being , Politicalfootball 7 , Covenant , Walk , Rovernment , Friends , China , Detail , Suspicion , Allies , Bus , Gdp Being , 0 7 , Buses , Driver , Air Quality , Opportunity , Crisis , Jobs , City , Prosperity , Wealth , Challenae Climate Change , Createjobs , Western Europe , Air , Falkirk , Yorkshire , Scarborough , In Ballymena , Charging Points , Quarter , Taxis , Toxicity , The World S First Ultralow Emission Zone , Pollution , Of Cannot , Hybrid Vehicles , Electric Vehicles , Air Pollution , Deaths , Cancer , Lungs , Dementia , Asthma , The Egg , Relationship , Optimism , Potentiallyjobs , City Of London , Hope Prosperity , Role , Secretary , Finance , Actors , Big Global Corporations , Question Mark , Washing , Doing , Players , Sector , Pensions , Construction , Renewables , 48 Billion , 300000 , 8 Billion , Nine , Eight , Homes , Investing , Buildings , Retrofitting Homes , Vehicle , Investment , Londoners , Tackling Climate Change , Convenience , Ai Londoners , Protests , Regard , Market , Insulated Britain , Transition , Inconvenience , Support , Subsidising The Transition , Fuels , Businesses , Income , Homes Insulated , Greenhouse Emissions , Bills , Together Support , Come Together , Touether , Actions , Road Map Works , Cop 26 , Five , Copying , Somebody , Protest , Take A Look , 0utside Thunberg , Blue Banner , Hearing , Venue , Climate Campaigners , Rainbow Warrior , Police , Permission , Ways , Arrival , Sail , Sailing , Ship , Rainbow Warriorship , Request , Saturday Night , The Ship S Captain , Campaigners , Macro , Reality Check , Respondent , Chris Morris , Activism , Isn T , Speech , Message , Graves , Saying , School Strikes , Limit , Levels , Temperature Rise , 1 2 , 2 , 40 7 , Details , Notes , Big Business , Investments , 3 , Others , Opportunity Change , Interesting , System , Shareholders , Many , Cases , Theirj , Statements , President , Of Cop , Of Cop , Time Limit , Segment , Plenary , Heads Of State , Texts , Website , Environment , Participants , Hygiene Measures , Category , Lam , Gentlemen , Rostrum , Agreement , Chance , Stage , Signal , Climate Action , Know , Window , Reach , The World , Closing , Temperature Goal , Will , Add , Fast , Programme , Breaks , Selection , Leading , Civil Society , Im , Ambition , Both , Showcase , Pillars , Delivery , National , Video Link , Meeting , Pleasure Statements , Listening Intently , Pedro , Excellency , Pleasure , Floor , Spain , Pedro Sanchez , Afternoonjoe Biden , Hearfrom Emanuel Macron , Series , Section , States , Most , Sea Levels , Media Attention , Seychelles , Climate Justice , Theme , Tooth , Climate Justice Withjohn , Network , Justice , Racism , Rights , Frame , 1998 , Business As Usual , Hallways , Mother Earth , Human Issue , Nature , Issue , Questions , Bhd Indigenous Rights Issue , Eo Le , Communities , Delegations , Promise Breaker , Debbie , Leasing , Lands , Pipeline , Backyard , Illustration , Review Process , Minnesota , Effort , Administration , Supercharged , Water Protectors , Waters , Ourfront Lines , Networking , Claims , Voice , Oil Company , Oil Company Civil , Solutions , Hearfrom , Working , Increase , Walks Of Life , Participation , Front Line , Community Meetings , Grassroots , Sacredness , Market System , Monetising , Asian , Conservation Sites , Permits , Hook , Ethics , Ground , Angela Merkel , Needs , Translation , Merkel , C02 Emissions , Instruments , End , Afternoon , Sojust , Look , Groups , Shot , Throne , Dealing , Footing , Urgency , Phrase , Power Stations , Value , Carbon Capture , Teacher , Billions , Evolution , Similarly , Efforts , Bio Economy , Capital , Threat , Call , Global Systems Level Solution , Parallel , Scope , Fossil Fuel , Plea , Plea Todayis So , Trillions , Dollars , Debt , Campaign , Disposal , Strength , Style , Military , Joe Biden , President Of The United States , Task , Narrowing , Kick Off , Determination , Innovation , Future , Speakers , Ravaging Future , Livelihoods , Heat , Drought , Storms , Wildfires , Flooding , Crop Failures , Nation , Stories , Pandemic Stories , No Pandemic , None , Worst , Borderless Threats , Ability , Inflection Point , Catastrophe , Ability Point , All Of Us , Inflection Point Of History , Energy , Opportunities , Millions , Ecosystems , Cleaner Opportunities , Bountiful Oceans , Cleaner , Equitable Clean Energy Future , Healthy Cleanerairfor , Cleanerairfor , Healthy Forests , Bountiful , Standard Of Living Around The World , Living , Raises , Prices , Energy Prices , Volatility , Newjobs , Growth , Sources , Energy Development , Call To Action , Source , Energy Technologies , Workers , Build , Build Back , View , Framework , Resilience , Significant , Advanced , Consumers , Solar Panels , Water Prices , Water , Gigaton Will Cut Greenhouse Emissions , Energy Bills , Gigaton , Pleats , School Buses , Credits , Legacy Pollution , I American People About Climate Change , Turbines , Wind Turbines , Miles Workers , Transmission Lines , Miles , Power Grid , Itellthem It American People , Electric Who , Points , Construction Workers , Reality , Pharmacy , Attrition , Help Fight Global Hunger , Help , Fight Reality , Soil , 2005 , 52 , Hasn T , Hasnt , Climate Commitment , Office , Breakthroughs , Technologies , 0ver , Have Deforestation , Sectors , Agriculture , Marathon , Finish Line , Finish , 15 , Engine , Vision , Net , Rest , Energy Transition , Share , Congress , Show Transition , Financing , Each , 2024 , Hands On Deck Effort , All Hands On Deck Effort , Climate Finance , Skill , Affect Millions , Multilateral Development Banks , Medication , Critical Financing , Thanjust , Adaptation , 0n Adaptation , Partners , Lead , Board , Support Solutions , G7 , World Initiative , 67 , Methane Emissions , Methane , Greenhouse Gases , Eu , Methane Pollution , Near Term , Sit , Fence , Human Existence , Lifetimes , Human Lifetimes , Inaction , Inaction Increases , Quality , This , Much , May , Running Analogy , Running , You , Joe Isiden , Betterframework , Delay , Feeling , Net Zero Strategy7 , Kathryn Brown , Wildlife Trusts , Emergency , Phrases , Other , 115 , 50 , 2021 , 19 , 75 , Six , 25 Billion , 5 Billion , 7 Billion , 2020 , 2025 , 1 Billion , Billion , 2019 , 10096 , Cop Ten , 267 , Cop 267 , 14 , 9 , 162 , 49 , 350 , 11 , 13 , 10 , 48 , 7 5 , 27 , 1960 , 60 , 6096 , 31100 , 3 Million , 10 Million , 25 , 69 , 68 , 8 , 101 , 35 , 163 , 2016 , 2016 Nowhere , 57 , 4 , 164 , 1987 , 1980 , 1 25 , 1 25 Billion , 125 Billion , 17 , 40 , 60 Million , 40 Million , 500 , 45 , 2070 , 90 , 2 Billion , 20 Billion , 0 Billion , 80 Billion , 18 ,