hello, this is bbc news with james reynolds. the headlines... the chancellor promises a budget that invests in �*infrastructure, innovation and skills�* as the economy recovers from the pandemic. strong investment in public services, driving economic growth by investing in infrastructure, innovation and skills. giving businesses confidence and then supporting working families. eight people have been arrested in brentwood in essex after the deaths of two teenage boys in the early hours of this morning. labour is urging ministers to bring in plan b measures to tackle covid in england, including advice to work from home and compulsory masks. new rules allowing travellers returning to england to take lateral flow tests instead of more expensive pcr tests have come into force. colombia's most wanted drug trafficker is captured — after a joint operation by the armed forces and the police. now on bbc news, it's time for climate change: on trial. nick beake travels to norway to meet the young people taking on their government. life under the midnight sun. here in the arctic circle, nature rules. we breathe, we live for the reindeer, because the reindeer, they are the ones that make us survive. but all this is under threat. the impact of climate change is being felt and seen in this part of norway than in most other parts of the world. the climate crisis is definitely here, and it has started and it is dramatic already. i can see the forest dying, i can see a river being closed for some fishing. it's a place rich in natural resources that have made this country very wealthy, and that creates a conflict. i know how it could be if we don't have the oil and gas companies there. it will be a ghost city with no industry and no... nothing. so the battle for the arctic is on. we have travelled thousands of kilometres to meet the young people taking on their government, trying to stop further drilling for oil and gas. it's one of many fights emerging across europe. the wealth of nations versus the health of the planet. who will win? in the fjords of the northern tip of norway, climate change campaigners have set up camp. they form their own arctic circle of solidarity. they are trying to stop the opening of a mine which they say would damage this place forever. ella marie is one of the country's biggest young stars, a winner of the x factor star competition. she is from the sami people, and indigenous community, that now fears for their way of life. there is so much tradition based off living of nature and the river and the forests, it's such a big part of who we are, and our tradition, and why we live here. these protesters have come from very different parts of norway, but all believe their country's export of fossil fuels is putting the planet in peril. i can see basically everyone in my generation and younger than me also being very concerned about the future. we are real people with real feelings and we are very very concerned about the future, and we are feeling a lot of anxiety. i do believe that the climate crisis is here, and it has started, and it is dramatic already. so when she is not writing or performing songs, 23—year—old ella marie is taking a government of the european ——to the european court of human rights. she argues that allowing more drilling for oil in the arctic will harm young people's future. i'm really hungry to see and eager to see the norwegian government be held responsible for their actions and their politics, and i really do believe that norway has a big part of the responsibility to solve the climate crisis because we have been such a big oil producer, just with my own eyes in my closest environment back home where i grew up, i can see our river being closed for fishing for the first time. i can see the forest dying. warmer conditions have attracted moths, which decimate the trees in their path. trees that would absorb harmful carbon dioxide caused by burning fossilfuels. scientist point to these as scars climate change. as we journey through this remote and often breathtaking region, we hear of more people who are fearful for the future. today we're going to meet someone who has been witnessing an influx. all the main changes were made during the ice age 10,000 years ago, so it's really scary what is happening right now. this woman sometimes feels she is fighting a losing battle. herjob is to try to protect the environment in this municipality. she is alarmed by what she has seen in the decades she has been living here. the last years has decreased, the winters are getting warmer, the summers are getting warmer, it's more weather, more rain, we don't really know how it will and, so, it's quite scary actually, it is. she told us about a particular glazier nearby, a five—hour hike to get there, but she says once we arrive, we will see for ourselves exactly what has changed. they call these the norwegian alps. this is one of 140 glaziers on the peninsula, but a place which has been sculpted over thousands of years is now melting rapidly, all adding to rising sea levels. yates continued to melt and you can see what has been lost in just 23 years, a landscape redrawn. i'm excited to see if we see my reindeer today. singing the traditional sami songs has helped pas many hours, ——pass many hours looking for the animals. at 83, karen anna is the oldest reindeer herder in the region. herfamily has been doing this 400 years. something her granddaughter is well aware of. it's our life, we breathe and live for the reindeer the reindeer, they are the ones that make us survive. but today they are not having any luck tracking them down. it's an unusually hot day, yet again. eventually they stop. their reindeer have headed way up the mountainside to one of the few pockets of snow. a cool spot of sanctuary in a warming world. this is all that karen anna has ever known — a nomadic life. this is one of six cabins she stays at depending on where her reindeer have to venture. you have been a reindeer herder all your life. when you are with the animals out there on the land, how do you feel? what goes through your mind? but this grandmother of nine is worried that future generations will not be able to live like this. she is placing herfaith in young people, not politicians. as anna leaves her grandma behind, she contemplates her own future. i find the balance quite difficult, between the modern and traditional way of living, so i really like to show the world what we do, and what our traditions are, because i think they are very wonderful. unlike other members of the family, reindeer will not define here career. she is a filmmaker, but anna hopes her work & ——can shine a light on the growing threat to indigenous communities. the world has more need for power, and that takes away the land of the reindeer, and when they do that, the reindeer has less food to eat, they can't grow as big as they should, so i think for reindeer husbandry, the government is the biggest threat right now. does she believe her people will survive? i try not to think about it so much because it is really like a dark thought. i am a bit concerned, yes, that the sami culture will die, and the reindeer husbandry especially is very threatened now. i really do hope that we will get to live in peace with nature and with the reindeer as we've done for thousands of years. if i could just be a little bit like my grandmother, i would be so happy with that in the future. we are on the move again. today will be an eight—hour drive. the scenery looks like it has been here since time began but everywhere we go, we are told about how higher temperatures are shaping this environment, including here in the tromso region. they say they are already seeing the impact of climate change, in the mountains, in the forests, and in their rivers as well. there is a specific threat worrying this marine biologist and his young helper. we don't want this fish in the river, this introduced species seems to have now exploded in numbers. it is dreadful for the native salmon and we don't know the consequences yet but with its numbers, we are seeing it in the rivers now, it is scary, really scary and really worrying how many fish we see. this is a female. pink salmon or humpback salmon also carry diseases which are a big threat to the native at atlantic salmon that so many of us eat. this man has been tracking the migration of salmon for years and says the temperature of the water is rising, attracting these unwanted visitors. the danger with this is that when the temperatures rise in the ocean, this will have a benefit over the native species like the atlantic salmon and all these native species, because they are adapted to cold water, and when you get an increase in temperature, you have other introduced species that are used to this and they have a benefit and outcompete with the native species, and that's what we see now. and so you are taking action? yes. i think it will be hard to stop it. honestly, we cannot stop this. the numbers are so high now, we can't stop it, but what we're doing is trying to reduce it. reducing the numbers, so at least we get as many salmon, atlantic salmon in so they can spawn without disturbing the others. the professor is backing the young norwegian climate campaigners fighting their government and trying to turn the tide. what we really have to do is take action now and start reducing climate gases so we can at least put the brakes on. i don't think it is possible to stop it and i think most scientists agree on that. this decision needs to be made by the politicians that are not very popular, because the next generation have a better understanding of what is happening and if we do not listen to them now, we will leave a bad future for them. and this generation say they are in for the long haul, investing their time and money travelling around the country to different protest camps. back where they are trying to stop a nearby mine from reopening, we meet someone else taking the norwegian government to court in strasbourg. they are drilling for oil in the arctic, further north than ever before and in an area where no other countries are drilling. so we have been suing the state, but we have not been able to win that fight so we think that by complaining this to the european court of human rights, we may have a chance to stop this catastrophic oil drilling. 23—year—old mia chamberlain has tried to juggle her psychology degree studies with bringing the legal case. personally, my story is kind of one built on the climate anxiety. i have an overwhelming fear for the future and massive deep sadness and anger towards having to grow up in a world that is headed towards ecological collapse. and the only way to stop feeling like this is to actually do something. so suing the state and attacking the problem in such a direct massive way is a way of actually being able to make norway take responsibility. do you think many young people in norway and elsewhere are feeling the same as you? definitely. we saw this since the school strikes for climate change that greta thunberg started, that this fear has manifested itself in a movement for a whole generation. norway's young activists are part of a growing movement across europe. in the netherlands, a court ordered shell to cut emissions after citizens argued that the oil company was violating their human rights. and campaigners from portugal have filed their own lawsuit to safeguard their future physical and mental well—being. i am terrified. but the momentum is definitely there and i hope that a lot more people are willing to take action and it definitely does not have to be illegal in order to take direct action to change the course we're on. but it does depend on the politicians we choose and the politicians who will empower to change what the corporations are doing to our planet. the arctic circle is warming twice as fast as the global average. and here in norway, they are grappling with a paradox. the government says it is at the forefront of an international effort to tackle climate change. yet it continues to make billions each year from the export of its oil and gas. really, though, all rich western nations face the same simple question. how much are they willing to sacrifice to prevent the global climate emergency? it is something in the mind of erna solberg. she became norway's prime minister in 2013. we meet her on the campaign trail as she makes a bid for an historic third term in office. under her leadership, nearly all of norway's own power consumption has become renewable but she has given out more permits for drilling oil in the arctic ocean. six young people in your country feel that theirfuture is in jeopardy because of the policies that you have been pursuing. do you have any sympathy for those young climate activists who really want to take their case to the european court now? they want strasbourg to alter the route you are going down. they clearly lost in our supreme court and, as a politician, i do not believe in using the courts to make a political decision for a country. i believe in democracy, not a legal system that overruns democracy. i believe you should vote politicians based on what you believe and we believe that we should develop the resources we have, for example, natural gas, which are, in fact, by our view, part of the solution. a few weeks after we meet, erna solberg loses the election and steps down as prime minister. but a new government here will be committed to more drilling, at least for now. the oil and gas sector in norway accounts for more than 40% of the country's exports. kim's family is one of 200,000 that relies on the production of fossil fuels. he works for the state—owned energy company, equinor, as an electrician on an oil rig. i know how it could be in hammerfest if we do not have the equinor and the oil and gas companies there. it will be a ghost city with no industry and nothing. so for us it is important. many norwegians do not want to see these key industries undermined. they feel less drilling could make them poorer. i am working on an oil and gas station and, probably, my children will also go to work at the same place as i did. i have a lot of friends older than me, they have children who are working at the same place. it is very important. we do not have any other place to work. so ifjobs were lost and companies were to close, what would that mean for you, yourfamily and your community? maybe we would have to move to another place. kim thinks that people should be realistic and look at the bigger picture. he believes that norway is on the right path. if norway shuts down oil and gas, someone else will produce oil and gas that we do not produce. and they are not doing it at a clean way that norway is doing it. that is my opinion. the oil and gas fields must not build out. if you build them out now, it will be a clean oil and gas production. much cleaner than saudi arabia, than the russians are doing. so i think if we do not do it, someone else will do it. so norway has tough decisions to make. like so many other countries, and with time running out. 0verall greater than yesterday, as the limit has delivered some more rain than yesterday. —— has delivered some more rain than yesterday. this picture from northumberland, and we have a weather system with cloud, outbreaks of rain. this is gradually pushing south eastwards, east anglia and the south—east has had some sunshine, but a front to get in later today with the chance of rain. behind it, clearer weather. cloud is broken, some showers to be had, it could be heavy and thundery. the rest of the day, overall, it is a bit brighter than yesterday, still mild, temperatures around 13 to 16 degrees. a noticeable breeze to be had. tonight, the chance of some rain into the far south—east before the weather front players away. clear spells and showers. most in the west but some push further east through the night and it will be cooler, single figure temperatures showing up on the overnight lows. tomorrow is a day of sunshine and showers, most in the morning will be in the west running alongside southern coastal counties of england, but some in the day will spread further east. not everyone will catch one, but they will be potentially heavy with thunder, but temperatures just a little lower and still breezy. we willjust be feeding in this weather front between outbreaks of rain across many northern and western areas for tuesday, wednesday, thursday before clearing south eastwards. tuesday's picture, rain pushes across, lots of cloud in the north and west, central and eastern parts of england the best places to see any sunny spells, a windy day again, and temperatures are heading up. wednesday, thursday, scotland, northern ireland, northern england and wales, most like to see further rain at times, central and eastern parts of in—state mainly dry until the weather system moves in on friday. regardless of whether you get the rain or brisk winds at times, it will stay dry, mild to very mild week to come, temperatures up very mild week to come, temperatures up to 19 celsius in a couple of days in warm spots and overnight temperatures close daytime highs for this time of year. that is your forecast. —— close to daytime highs forecast. —— close to daytime highs for this time of year. this is bbc news with the latest headlines. the chancellor promises a budget that invests in "infrastructure, innovation and skills" as the economy recovers from the pandemic. strong investment in public services, driving economic growth by investing in infrastructure, innovation and skills. giving businesses confidence and then supporting working families. eight people have been arrested in brentwood in essex after the deaths of two teenage boys in the early hours of this morning. labour is urging ministers to bring in plan b measures to tackle covid in england, including advice to work from home and compulsory masks. new rules allowing travellers returning to england to take lateral flow tests instead of more expensive pcr tests have come into force. exam board aqa withdraws an a—level textbook after a complaint about a question about native american history.

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