common values to be put at risk. the commission will act. translation: i will not have politicians blackmail poland. | blackmail must not a method l of contact with member states. a 96—year—old war crimes suspect who fled her nursing home before her trial was set to start has appeared in court in germany. we'll speak to a journalist who was in there. and we'll report from the canary islands, where geologists admit they have no idea how much longer the eruption on la palma will continue a month on. the uk government has set out its plans to achieve net—zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. over $855 million, that's £620 million, will be spent on the transition to electric vehicles. another $482 million, or £350 million, is promised to help the automotive supply chain move to electric. the announcement arrives under two weeks before the big cop26 climate summit in glasgow. lots to show you on this. let's start with the bbc�*s science editor david shukman. every aspect of life is going to have to change as we go zero—carbon. and now, after a long delay, the government is laying out its plans. and the key to it all is a belief that new green technologies will quickly become cheaper. the market is growing, is going green. and people know that we have the technological solutions to these problems, and they want to go green. and they know that we'll be able one day to bring down the prices of green technology, evs and heat pumps and solar panels, in a way that we so rapidly made microwaves and mobile phones affordable. there's money to support electric cars and charging points, and car—makers will be told to sell a set number of clean vehicles. hydrogen gets a push, especially for heavy industry. it is a clean fuel, depending on how the gas is produced. and there's backing for new nuclear power stations, including at this site in suffolk, but the details aren't settled and critics say that none of this goes far enough. there is still a chasm with this government between the rhetoric and the reality. my fear is this plan will not deliver the fair, prosperous transition we need equal to the scale of the emergency we face. it's very disappointing. we have a climate emergency, . and a lot of these actions are not going to see light of day for years. we need to be acting now, be far more ambitious. - amid all the arguments about tackling climate change, the goal is to reach net—zero, but what is that? well, like every country, the uk emits carbon dioxide, the gas that's driving up temperatures. it comes from heating our homes, getting around, generating power. it's meant to fall dramatically by 2050, but if we don't get down to literally zero, we'll have to compensate by pulling carbon dioxide out of the air. the easiest way to do that is planting trees, but on a far bigger scale than we do right now. with solar panels on the roofs and everything well insulated, this green business park in bristol is an example of lower—carbon living. cycling is made as easy as possible, so what do people make of the government plan to go green? i think that some people are quite privileged are quite privileged and they can spend that money and it's well worth it, but it isn't available for everyone which is another huge issue. if i knew the outcome of the ins and outs and beginning and middle and end and what exactly i'm paying for, what it would stand for, i would 100% as long as it is beneficial to the children of tomorrow, i would make that sacrifice. an obvious measure is better insulation. many experts want this to be given a bigger push, and the government's independent climate adviser says more needs to be spelled—out. it is important to say— that we have a new plan for getting to net—zero, and it looks _ like it is a more comprehensive one. but what we don't have, sadly, is all the detail on how - it's going to be delivered. the government was running out of time to announce its policies, hosting the cop26 climate summit in glasgow next month, it is in the global spotlight. so, promising action isn't enough. david shukman, bbc news. 120 leaders will gather for cop26. it starts on october the 31st, and ahead of it, borisjohnson has been pressing other countries to make new commitments. this was his message at the un last month. we will see desertification, drought, crop failure and mass movements of humanity on a scale not seen before. not because of some unforeseen natural event or disaster, but because of us. it's time for humanity to grow up. then, a week later, this was mrjohnson�*s message at a youth climate conference in milan. coal, cars, cash and trees. we can make cop26 in november, which mario and i are working on, we can make it the beginning of the end, the beginning of the end of climate change. many activists, though, are sceptical. eleanor salter wrote in the new york times... eleanor salter is live with us. have you changed your assessment of mrjohnson and his government now that we have in a zero policy equipment unsurprisingly i have not. i think for a start the strategy itself, — i think for a start the strategy itself, the goal of net zero x 2050 is far_ itself, the goal of net zero x 2050 is far too— itself, the goal of net zero x 2050 is far too little and too late. we really _ is far too little and too late. we really need to be decarbonise thing much _ really need to be decarbonise thing much sooner and have a target around 2030 _ much sooner and have a target around 2030 so— much sooner and have a target around 2030. so even the goalposts have been _ 2030. so even the goalposts have been set _ 2030. so even the goalposts have been set far too far away. but also i think_ been set far too far away. but also i think there are glaring gaps and it does— i think there are glaring gaps and it does fall short, particularly on things— it does fall short, particularly on things like the continued production of oil and _ things like the continued production of oil and gas. the government is currently— of oil and gas. the government is currently poised to approve 80 new oil and _ currently poised to approve 80 new oil and gas — currently poised to approve 80 new oil and gas projects in the north sea. and — oil and gas projects in the north sea, and this evidently does not release — sea, and this evidently does not release it— sea, and this evidently does not release it with the emissions reductions as many will be drilling i’ilht reductions as many will be drilling right up— reductions as many will be drilling right up to — reductions as many will be drilling right up to 2050. sorry. canl reductions as many will be drilling right up to 2050. sorry.— right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask ou then right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask you then if _ right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask you then if you — right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask you then if you were _ right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask you then if you were in _ right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask you then if you were in charge, i right up to 2050. sorry. can i ask i you then if you were in charge, you would not sign off any of those projects? you would bring forward the net zero date by quite a few years and would you have concerns in the short term that may impact on people's livelihoods and people public ability to keep themselves warm and stay in employment and so on? i warm and stay in employment and so on? ~ , , warm and stay in employment and so on? ~' , , ., warm and stay in employment and so on? ~ , , ., ., , on? i think this is a really important _ on? i think this is a really important point and - on? i think this is a really important point and i - on? i think this is a reallyl important point and i think on? i think this is a really - important point and i think we all agree _ important point and i think we all agree that — important point and i think we all agree that there is a huge appetite for a just— agree that there is a huge appetite for a just transition, which means helping _ for a just transition, which means helping putting the funds to help those _ helping putting the funds to help those workers who are for example employed — those workers who are for example employed in oil rigs, etc, into green, — employed in oil rigs, etc, into green, carbon neutral, well—paid 'ob. green, carbon neutral, well—paid joh i_ green, carbon neutral, well—paid joh ithink— green, carbon neutral, well—paid job. i think that is and should be a very important tactic but the science _ very important tactic but the science has been clear for decades and decades now that we cannot have any new— and decades now that we cannot have any new expansion of oil and gas. and it _ any new expansion of oil and gas. and it needs to stay in the ground, and i_ and it needs to stay in the ground, and i think— and it needs to stay in the ground, and i think that to be a climate leader— and i think that to be a climate leader as — and i think that to be a climate leader as the government, british government is really pushing for, you cannot — government is really pushing for, you cannot go to cop26 until the rest of— you cannot go to cop26 until the rest of the — you cannot go to cop26 until the rest of the rope need to reach net zero x _ rest of the rope need to reach net zero x 2050 — rest of the rope need to reach net zero x 2050 and we need to stop expanding — zero x 2050 and we need to stop expanding fossil fuels etc. and then be remaining the second biggest producer— be remaining the second biggest producer of oil and gas in europe. the society— producer of oil and gas in europe. the society government would push negative criticism but let me ask you if you don't consider the uk a climate leader, a world leader on this issue, who do you consider? which country is getting it right? i which country is getting it right? i think they are certificate countries in the _ think they are certificate countries in the global south will be pushing very hard — in the global south will be pushing very hard to decarbonise rapidly. i know— very hard to decarbonise rapidly. i know coaster rica and particularly is a climate leader in this respect. but everyone needs to be doing more and i but everyone needs to be doing more and i think— but everyone needs to be doing more and i think it's particularly the responsible countries in the global north— responsible countries in the global north who historically have been, you know. — north who historically have been, you know, accounting for most emissions _ you know, accounting for most emissions to decarbonise hardest and first and _ emissions to decarbonise hardest and first and they should be leading the way and _ first and they should be leading the way and set targets that are much sooner— way and set targets that are much sooner than 2050 if we are going to avoid _ sooner than 2050 if we are going to avoid ultimately a three degrees world _ avoid ultimately a three degrees world which is what we are currently having _ world which is what we are currently having to _ world which is what we are currently having to buy 2,100 if we carry on as business— having to buy 2,100 if we carry on as business as usual as a government has apparently announced it will continue — has apparently announced it will continue to do today.— has apparently announced it will continue to do today. elinor, that he was talking — continue to do today. elinor, that he was talking to _ continue to do today. elinor, that he was talking to us _ continue to do today. elinor, that he was talking to us on _ continue to do today. elinor, that he was talking to us on outside . he was talking to us on outside source. and later, we'll turn our attention to the eu's climate commitments a row between poland and the european union has intensified, with poland alleging blackmail and the eu threatening punishishment. it all connects to a polish court ruling which the eu argues challenges the supremacy of european law. i'll take you through it. here's the president of the european commission. this is the first time ever that the court of a member state finds that the eu treaties are incompatible with the national constitution. we cannot and we will not allow our common values to be put at risk. the commission will act, and the options are all known. poland's prime minister was in the chamber listening to that speech. this was his response. translation: it is unacceptablel to talk about financial penalties... applause. ..when we have worse language in other member states. i reject the language of threats and the fait accompli. i will not have politicians blackmail poland. blackmail must not be a method of contact with member states. let's look at what's behind the dispute. the eu has long said that reforms brought in by poland's right—wing government undermine the independence ofjudges and the courts there. then this month, the row escalated when poland's top court made a ruling about its constitution. that ruling effectively rejected a core principle of the european union, that eu law takes precedence over national legislation. here's luxembourg's foreign minister speaking earlier today. translation: europe will not survive the end of the rule of law. _ europe will die. you have to know that. not only in countries that respect the rule of law, l but also in places where people think it is not so important. - if you question the rule of law, then you are doing it— for a reason, and that reason is the retention of power. - europe cannot tolerate that. the commission president promised the eu would take action, and it has three options. the eu could mount a legal challenge. or it could initiate a political process to strip the country of bloc membership rights. or it could apply a formal sanction that could withhold tens of billions of euros in eu funds. on that, here's a member of the ruling law and justice party in poland, speaking to the bbc. they think that the money is the most important thing in the world. it's not. and again, our economy will remain doing great. we are not lacking for anything. and we will not allow anyone to blackmail us. we are strong. a strong nation which is experienced for many years with those who try to press us. adam easton is in warsaw. the polish government will know full well that pursuing this course will cause friction with the european union, so why do you think it's using it? union, so why do you think it's usin: it? �* , union, so why do you think it's usin: it? �*_ union, so why do you think it's usin it? �*_ , , using it? it's choosing it because it knows it _ using it? it's choosing it because it knows it plays _ using it? it's choosing it because it knows it plays well— using it? it's choosing it because it knows it plays well to - using it? it's choosing it because it knows it plays well to some i using it? it's choosing it because it knows it plays well to some of| it knows it plays well to some of its more — it knows it plays well to some of its more extreme right wing supporters on the right side of the political— supporters on the right side of the political spectrum and who are more euro sceptic— political spectrum and who are more euro sceptic and are concerned about what is _ euro sceptic and are concerned about what is described as an over powerful— what is described as an over powerful eu and the european union's top court _ powerful eu and the european union's top court exceeding their powers, eroding _ top court exceeding their powers, eroding the sovereignty of member states— eroding the sovereignty of member states like poland. and it's because, _ states like poland. and it's because, as you mentioned, the crucial— because, as you mentioned, the crucial fundamental issue here is the changes this government has made to the _ the changes this government has made to the judiciary, which brussels says— to the judiciary, which brussels says has— to the judiciary, which brussels says has undermined judicial independence and opened up polish courts— independence and opened up polish courts and _ independence and opened up polish courts and judges to political influence. that is why the prime minister— influence. that is why the prime minister petitioned the constitutional tribunal, which is now dominated by those with that it was government to asked him to rule that eu _ was government to asked him to rule that eu law— was government to asked him to rule that eu law does not take precedence in the _ that eu law does not take precedence in the area _ that eu law does not take precedence in the area of the judiciary. and that's— in the area of the judiciary. and that's because that gives the government a legal argument in future _ government a legal argument in future to— government a legal argument in future to ignore rulings from the eu's future to ignore rulings from the eli's tou— future to ignore rulings from the eu's top court, the european court ofjustice _ eu's top court, the european court ofjustice in _ eu's top court, the european court ofjustice in luxembourg, which of course _ ofjustice in luxembourg, which of course can— ofjustice in luxembourg, which of course can issue daily penalties against — course can issue daily penalties against poland for breaches of the rule of— against poland for breaches of the rule of law — against poland for breaches of the rule of law in this area. and if at the european commission last month asked _ the european commission last month asked the _ the european commission last month asked the court to indeed do that, to impose — asked the court to indeed do that, to impose daily financial penalties on poland — to impose daily financial penalties on poland for its changes to the judiciary — on poland for its changes to the 'udicia . , ., on poland for its changes to the 'udicia . ,., ., , on poland for its changes to the 'udicia . ., , . judiciary. the soul of this connect to a desire _ judiciary. the soul of this connect to a desire amongst _ judiciary. the soul of this connect to a desire amongst some - judiciary. the soul of this connect to a desire amongst some for- judiciary. the soul of this connect i to a desire amongst some for pollen to a desire amongst some for pollen to leave the european union or is thisjust about limiting to leave the european union or is this just about limiting the european union public ability to influence what happens is that the country? i influence what happens is that the count ? ~ ., influence what happens is that the count ? ~' . ., , country? i think the latter mainly at this stage- _ country? i think the latter mainly at this stage. i _ country? i think the latter mainly at this stage. i think _ country? i think the latter mainly at this stage. i think the - country? i think the latter mainly at this stage. i think the prime . at this stage. i think the prime minister— at this stage. i think the prime minister made that clear in his speech— minister made that clear in his speech today at the european parliament. he said that there are rules— parliament. he said that there are rules for— parliament. he said that there are rules for some and the same rules should _ rules for some and the same rules should apply to all, but they don't. that some — should apply to all, but they don't. that some of the western european member— that some of the western european member states get more favourable treatment— member states get more favourable treatment and don't get punished or castigated _ treatment and don't get punished or castigated by the eu like countries in poland — castigated by the eu like countries in poland and in central and eastern europe _ in poland and in central and eastern europe do~ — in poland and in central and eastern europe do. and therefore this plays into the _ europe do. and therefore this plays into the government profit narrative which _ into the government profit narrative which basically is we want an economic— which basically is we want an economic union of strong independent sovereign _ economic union of strong independent sovereign states. we don't want as he said _ sovereign states. we don't want as he said a _ sovereign states. we don't want as he said a superstate. we don't want a moose _ he said a superstate. we don't want a moose toward greater federalisation and integration with the eu _ federalisation and integration with the eu which would've course erode member— the eu which would've course erode member states powers over their own laws and _ member states powers over their own laws and their own sovereignty. tiers; laws and their own sovereignty. very useful. laws and their own sovereignty. very useful- thank _ laws and their own sovereignty. very useful. thank you _ laws and their own sovereignty. very useful. thank you for _ laws and their own sovereignty. - useful. thank you forjoining us, adam easton live from warsaw. let's turn to la palma in spain's canary islands. it's been one month since a volcano started spewing out ash and rivers of lava, forcing 7000 people from their homes. these are the latest live pictures we have from the island. over 2000 homes have been destroyed. and geologiests admit that after weeks of continual eruptions, they have no idea how much longer the eruption will continue. from la palma, here's danjohnson. the eruptions continue and look at the ash. we are on the exclusion zone and hear people had this to contend with as well as the noise and the threat of lava, all this asked to clear up but it is the lava has done the most destructive work here on the alley. if we just take you over this i, you get a real sense of exactly how far that lava has spread down the hillside here. you can see all that black steaming mass, that is all lava and some of it old that emerged weeks ago and you can maybe just make out the orange streak of fresh lava that is still pouring down and there is a pointjust beyond where we can see where it has reached the seat but there are new forks of lava spreading off all the time that's what he might be able to make out there are even some buildings that are currently surviving. but potentially they had been cut off by the llama that keeps advancing to let leslie, having wiped through banana groves, farmland, homes and villages as well also nearly 2,000 homes been destroyed at a may be able to make out that there are new fires starting all the titles of that plume of smoke looks like it's coming from one of the then the plantations so a real threat to regal still on the silence and a really difficult situation for them to deal with. staying in la palma, a drone operator has been given the go—ahead to try to rescue three dogs trapped by lava flowing from the volcano. they've been stuck here for weeks — receiving packages of food dropped by drones. a drone equipped with a wide net will now try to trap the dogs, one by one, and fly them to safety. the top us envoy to afghanistan is stepping down from his role less than two months after american forces withdrew from the country. this is zalmay khalilzad. he led the us dialogue with the taliban, but months of diplomatic talks failed to prevent the militant group from seizing power in august. in a resignation letter to the us secretary of state, khalilzad acknowledged, with some understatement, that... injuly, when the taliban were just beginning their takeover, he spoke to my colleague yalda hakim. will you intervene if the taliban want to overrun kabul? well, those are abstract questions... i mean, it's not entirely abstract, ambassador khalilzad, because they are on... around kabul, they have surrounded kabul. we've just heard our correspondent there. it's not an unlikely scenario. well, i don't believe it's a likely scenario, and so it is a "what if" question. the taliban has said they will not attack provincial capitals. we hold them to that commitment that they have made. just one month later, the taliban had overrun kabul and taken full control of afghanistan. and in september, us defence officials said the takeover could be directly traced back to the doha deal spearheaded by mr khalilzad. here's the co—founder of the think tank afghanistan analysts network. he excluded the afghan government, |undermined the government publiclyj in kabul when he was still- in office, and also the americans with their withdrawal, _ a one—sided withdrawal not based on any conditions to anyone, - brought moral wreck on the afghan security forces, which then later had been finger—pointed - by president biden as the ones - who didn't want to fight any more. they were not able to fight any more. i that's the point. my colleague yalda hakim has more on this story. i'd sort of known for some time that he was considering this, but he was just waiting to see how it would play out in terms of the next phase of us engagement with the taliban now. and of course he was not part of a meeting, a delegation that went to meet with the taliban in doha a few weeks ago, and that's when i think for many of us who watch afghanistan very closely, we got a sense that, you know, either he's stepping down or he himself has chosen not to be part of that meeting. he is being replaced by his deputy, tom west, and that was announced by the us secretary of state. he has been engaged with afghanistan, not only an afghan—born us diplomat, but engaged in that country's politics for at least five decades. we mustn't forget that he was one of the... well, the first us representative to afghanistan post—9/ii, and then of course he became the first ambassador to afghanistan for the united states. and they were the good years. that's how people refer to those early years. there was a lot of money, there was a lot of opportunities, a lot of prospects for people to take on big projects, and he was behind many of the big projects. i mean, he speaks to me about freedom of the press, for example, that he encouraged and stations like tolo news and tolo tv that he helped get funding for in those early years. but things changed dramatically when he began those negotiations with the taliban in 2018. many people felt that he legitimised the group and point the finger of blame on him for what's transpired in the country. here in the uk, an inquiry has been launched into the future of uk policy towards afghanistan. the inquiry is led by the foreign affairs select committee, and it's examining the uk's response to the taliban's takeover. among those giving evidence is former commander of the us and nato forces in afghanistan. the question is what, in a sense, were we thinking to have all the military out? and clearly it was based on an assumption that the afghans were going to continue to prevail certainly well beyond kabul for quite an extended period of time. and obviously that was a serious miscalculation. one miscalculation relates to military hardware. afghan troops were supplied with billions of dollars worth of equipment, but not the means to maintain it. here's general petraeus again. the fact was that the afghans could not, without the 18,000 contractors, maintain these very sophisticated us provided helicopters, blackhawk helicopters and little bird attack helicopters and c—1305 and close air support aircraft. the inquiry heard that president biden felt he had just two choices — either withdraw completely or keep troops on the ground indefinitely. on that, here's a former eu representative for afghanistan. | i think that there were alternatives| which would have led to a reduction in the conflict primarilyl through political action. you continue to do something with the military, _ but for a finite time without good prospect of success. _ also giving testimony is a former afghan mp. she spoke to the bbc about what future she wants for afghanistan. i really wish to open direct talk with the taliban. i really wish to make the peace dream to come true. i don't want to wish to see again, after 20 years' efforts, spending billions and trillions of dollars, costing more than 167,000 afghan civilian and military lives, and back to replace taliban by taliban, it does not make sense. for more information on this story, you can head to the bbc news website. some breaking news to bring you as manchester airport has set a suspicious package has been found in terminal two and a support mechanism is in place. it is from manchester airport in the north of england and we are told the airport is an most contact with the police for managing the response and provide updates on the response and provide updates on the situation is soon as possible. whenever we get those updates, we will of course pass them on to you here on bbc. i was even a of minutes. well, it's been a bizarre day of weather for many of us today. really blowy out there, but at the same time, quite warm in the sunshine. in fact, temperatures got up to 21 degrees in east anglia and the south east. and another mild day on the way tomorrow. not quite so mild, but warm enough certainly for the time of the year. here's the reason — a current of tropical air you can see spreading into the uk all the way from the southern climes, and if we track that air, the origins are here in the caribbean. you can see caracas there in south america, the leeward and the windward islands, so this air has made a journey northwards of thousands of miles. it's obviously cooled off, but it's retained some of that warmth and the energy in the form of the strong winds and also some heavy showers that will be also continuing across the uk over the next 2a hours or so. so, a mild start across england and wales once again, and then we're watching out for these clusters of rain, these thunderstorms that could sweep across the southern half of the country during the course of wednesday. and really gusty conditions as well, but there'll be some sunshine, too. i think overall a very changeable pattern, changeable picture on the way for wednesday. and then it's all change for the second half of the week, certainly the end of the week. wednesday and thursday, it's going to feel quite a bit colder. the wind is going to change direction. in fact, low pressure will be sitting on top of us. if you track the isobars, these lines coming from the north, that's where the wind will be coming from. so, rathertropicalair coming in from the south and the south—west, we've got colder north atlantic air, even some wintry showers across the hills of scotland. and on top of that, we've got gusty winds, high tides along the north sea coasts. gust of wind in some areas could approach 40—50 mph. this is colder airfrom the north. it's going to feel very, very different on thursday. look at the temperatures. maybe eight degrees in aberdeen, 12 in birmingham, 13 in london. quite a drop, and it's that wind that's particularly going to make it feel chilly, i think, on thursday. and then thursday into friday, high pressure nudges into the uk. high pressure means that the weather will settle down. it'll push the stronger winds out into the north sea, so this is where that cold wind will be. here, winds will be lighter across the bulk of the uk. there'll some sunny spells, and i think it'll feel a little less cold and bright on friday. bye— bye. hello, i'm ros atkins, this is outside source. the uk government has unveiled its plan to be carbon neutral by 2050. green is good! green is right! green works! over 620 million pounds will be spent on the switch to electric vehicles and car makers will have to sell a proportion of clean vehicles every year — to drastically cut emissions to net zero. also in the programme: the european commission is threatening to withhold funds to poland in a row over its commitment to europe's core principals. we cannot and we will not allow our common values to be put at risk. the commission will act. i common values to be put at risk. the commission will act.— commission will act. i will not have oliticians commission will act. i will not have politicians black _ commission will act. i will not have politicians black male _ commission will act. i will not have politicians black male poland. - commission will act. i will not have| politicians black male poland. black male blackmail must not be the way to interact _ blackmail must not be the way to interact with member states. a 96—year—old war crimes suspect who fled her nursing home before her trial was set to start has appeared in court in germany. we'll speak to a journalist who was there. just two weeks now until leaders gather in glasgow for the next climate conference. climate change is a global problem that will require a global solution. but not all countries carry equal responsibilities. the world s biggest emitters can make the biggest difference. because over half of co2 emissions come from four territories. china, the us, india — and europe. the european union s 27 member states — along with the uk — produce more than 7% of all co2. and for the latest in this series, let s consider what the eu is doing about that. the overall goal was — and of course is — to make europe the very first carbon—neutral continent in the world. we know where we want to go, and what we need to do to get there and some progress has been made. from 1990 to 2020, the eu reduced its emissions by a quarter — beating its own targets. and now the aim is to reach 55% of 1990 levels by 2030. it also aims to get 40% of its energy from renewables by the same point. the strategy to get there includes carrots and sticks. you have to accept to change business models and to penalise those who don't make this move. and the eu is clear on the scale of the task. nothing we have presented today is going nothing we have presented today is u-oin to nothing we have presented today is going to be nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. it nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. it is nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. it is going nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. it is going to nothing we have presented today is going to be easy. it is going to be plenty hard. that s one way of putting it. and key to the eu s climate plan is emissions trading. this is the president of the european commission. the principle is simple. emissions of c02_ the principle is simple. emissions of c02 must have a price. a price on c02 that _ of c02 must have a price. a price on c02 that has — of c02 must have a price. a price on c02 that has innovators choose a clean _ c02 that has innovators choose a clean technology. under emissions trading, industries are allowed to emit a certain amount of co2 — with the allowance cut, over time. it s the main tool being used to wean eu industry off the dirtiest fuels — and first and foremost among them is coal. poland gets 70% of its energy from coal. the government is investing to changing this — but it s deadline to stop coal is 2049. then there s germany. it produces more coal emissions than any other eu country. and if you look at the top ten entities that produce emissions in the eu — six of them are german coal power stations. this looks likely to change. the parties in talks to form a new coalition have agreed to end coal by 2030. olaf sholz from the social democrats is tipped to be the next chancellor. it will be the biggest industrial modernisation project that germany has undertaken and probably more than 100 years. no greatly benefit our economy. and it will. for other eu members though there remain practical concerns about the shift to clean energy. this is the outgoing czech prime minister. the czech republic is a very industrial country. a specific country~ _ industrial country. a specific country. we do not have the sea, we do not _ country. we do not have the sea, we do not have — country. we do not have the sea, we do not have many renewable resources. and while member states are grappling with finding clean energy sources, the eu continues to tighten its transport policies. tighter emission limits for cars are coming. this will effectively end new petrol and diesel vehicle sales by 2035. and for air travel, there will be a new tax on jet fuel. france has gone even further — passing a law banning domestic flights, where the same journey could be made by train in 2.5 hours or less. that though is one example. in many others, europeans still fly. and to use policy to change habits, people need to be persuaded. as president macron well knows. in 2018, the gilles jaunes protests in france that were triggered by a rise in green taxes on petrol. and the president drew this conclusion. this revolution, if you wanted to happen, we have to help middle class and poor people to make this change with us. i'm sure about that. some are worried about the pace and the cost of climate policies. others worry they are not enough. the campaign group greenpeace argues: well some eu members have moved the bar further finland wants to be carbon neutral by 2035, sweden by 2045. the eu target is 2050 — like the uk. that s the long—term — right now the blue line shows current eu emissions. it s almost on track for its 2030 target. and as it pursues this one word comes up a lot. at the end of the day, people are most worried, is this going to be fair. i think fairness is a crucial point. fairness within societies and fairness within member states. fairness is crucial. we see that in every country. there is though a risk that a sense of unfairness becomes a reason not to act. and fundamentally, the eu will be judged by nothing else but the speed and scale of its emissions cuts. the us has condemned north korea for a suspected ballistic missile launch. it's the latest in a series of recent missile tests in defiance of international sanctions. south korea's military says north korea has fired at least one missile into the waters off japan that may be designed to launch from a submarine. it's thought to be this missile which pyongyang unveiled in january. north korea described it as "the world's most powerful weapon". north korea's neighbours have expressed concern. here's japan's prime minister. north korea has just north korea hasjust fired north korea has just fired two ballistic missiles. it is very regrettable that the country has continued launching missiles since last month. i would rather not predict north korea possible his intentions for my point of view. but i think we must continue to try and grasp the situation and gather information. next let's get the reaction from china. the current situation on the peninsula was on the critical period and all countries concerned should focus on the overall situation. exercise restraint, committed to maintaining peace and stability on the peninsula and carry on in the right direction of dialogue and consultation. this latest test comes as intelligence envoys from the us, south korea and japan meet in seoul. here is our seoul correspondent, laura bicker. so one or possibly two ballistic missiles fired from the eastport and what we do not know. is whether or not these ballistic missiles were fired from a submarine or from some kind of underwater barge. now, previous ballistic missiles, and missile designed to come to my submarine but can be tested in other ways. in previous tests, north korea have used underwater barges and that was in october 2019 but injanuary this year, and military parade, they showed off of what was called the world's most powerful weapon, which was this kind of missile. a submarine launched ballistic missile. what analysts are wondering is if they have now tested it. here in seoul, they have said it was a ballistic missile and it's possible i could come from a submarine we might not know that until we get images. what happens with these images. what happens with these images is that pyongyang carefully controls them and they'll send out those images and state newspapers and release them on tv probably within the next 24 hours. i will give analysts a better idea of capabilities that pyongyang now has when it comes to this fleet. thus i get ahead of ourselves when it comes to this thread. pyongyang is thought to this thread. pyongyang is thought to have one some are of firing submarine launched ballistic missiles. also, they were developing another one in the very port where they fired this test fire today. and they fired this test fire today. and they are thought to be noisy submarines, so they would be easy to track, when it comes to the threat, yes, it is there. but what they're wondering is how close they are to getting more of a tactical threat when it comes to the underwater. let's turn to germany. a former secretary at a nazi concentration camp has appeared in court. she's accused of being complicit in thousands of murders. this is irmgard furchner — who is 96 — arriving in court in itze—hoe. it's the second time germany has tried to prosecute her. last month she fled her nursing home as her original trial was about to get underway. she evaded police for several hours before she was found. prosecutors say irmgard furchner assisted in the deaths of 11,000 prisoners while she was working as a typist when she was 18 — at the stutt—hof camp in poland. 65,000 prisoners died there. prosecutors allege that for 2 years — she knew key details of what went on at the camp. she denies the charges. luisa von richthofen is a reporter for deutsche welle and was in the court room. tells more about the proceeding she witnessed today.— witnessed today. hello. this was a very particular _ witnessed today. hello. this was a very particular day _ witnessed today. hello. this was a very particular day because - witnessed today. hello. this was a very particular day because she - witnessed today. hello. this was a | very particular day because she had evaded several times and said she was not keen onjoining evaded several times and said she was not keen on joining the trial as long as there were journalists there. it is a question of whether she would join today and she did and she would join today and she did and she remained silent almost the entire two hours she was standing trial as the indictment was being read to her. for us, journalists and the participants of the trial, it was a very heavy atmosphere and the prosecutor detailed but was exactly happening in the nature of the crimes committed there. to happening in the nature of the crimes committed there. to know the nature of her— crimes committed there. to know the nature of her defence,? _ crimes committed there. to know the nature of her defence,? her - crimes committed there. to know the nature of her defence,? her lawyer. nature of her defence,? her lawyer actually gave _ nature of her defence,? her lawyer actually gave his _ nature of her defence,? her lawyer actually gave his statement - nature of her defence,? her lawyer actually gave his statement after . actually gave his statement after the indictment was read and said she has no intention of calling into question the witness testimony or any of the crimes that were committed but she is still doubting whether or not she has a personal responsibility in these crimes. she maintains she had no knowledgeable is going on and she has testified several times in the past and the case will hinge on whether or not she knew was going on in the camp and whether or not she knew about the insidious nature of the crimes committed. the the insidious nature of the crimes committed-— the insidious nature of the crimes committed. . , , committed. the lawyers were there, the 'ud . es committed. the lawyers were there, the judges were _ committed. the lawyers were there, the judges were there, _ committed. the lawyers were there, the judges were there, the - the judges were there, the journalists were there, who was present to see this?— present to see this? there was concern because _ present to see this? there was concern because on _ present to see this? there was concern because on telegram l present to see this? there was i concern because on telegram and other neo—nazi groups that called on their followers to shop at the trial and there were actually a few and i suspect they were part of this group because they were adorning ss paraphernalia. but they did not cause any trouble during the trial, it is also a significant number of antifascist activists there and the missing people former inmates, there were no survivors of the camp present stop by before we finish, how long will this child take, do we think? there are 27 meetings planned and it will depend on how fast and how long they are able to stand trial. for obvious reasons, due to her old age, it is questioned whether she will even see the trial through but it should be ending by the beginning of february. that is when the last meeting is due to take place. stay with us on outside source — still to come. we'll have more on the uk's net zero strategy——— and its plan to replace thousands of gas boilers with heat pumps in england and wales. the elder brother of the manchester arena suicide bomber has left the uk, ahead of an appearance at a public inquiry he had been ordered to attend. judith moritz has more. bbc news, can we ask a few questions? this is the last sighting when i tracked them down in manchester a year ago. but i want to speak to the inquiry? he was not prepared to answer my questions then and he's also refused to co—operate with the public inquiry into the arena bombing. they have been ordered to appear in court next week, but that now seems highly unlikely. haste week, but that now seems highly unlikel . ~ , ., ., week, but that now seems highly unlikel . ~ , . ., , unlikely. we understand that he is not unlikely. we understand that he is rrot currently _ unlikely. we understand that he is not currently in _ unlikely. we understand that he is not currently in the _ unlikely. we understand that he is not currently in the country - unlikely. we understand that he is not currently in the country and i not currently in the country and there's no indication as to when he will return. he clearly has important evidence to gives and the urchin to make contact with the inquiry legal team either directly or through his own legal representatives. he or through his own legal representatives.- or through his own legal reresentatives. . , ., , ., representatives. he was arrested on the day after — representatives. he was arrested on the day after the _ representatives. he was arrested on the day after the attack _ representatives. he was arrested on the day after the attack and - representatives. he was arrested on the day after the attack and 2017. i the day after the attack and 2017. he was found to possess extremist propaganda. the greater manchester police that they were still investigating him ever going to make further attempts to speak to him. at the bbc understands that a few weeks ago, he left the uk on a flight to the middle east. a friend of his has been ordered to appear too. it is also refusing to comply with the courts so far. he also refusing to comply with the courts so far.— also refusing to comply with the courts so far. . , ., ., courts so far. he attempted to leave the country — courts so far. he attempted to leave the country yesterday _ courts so far. he attempted to leave the country yesterday and _ courts so far. he attempted to leave the country yesterday and as - courts so far. he attempted to leave the country yesterday and as result, | the country yesterday and as result, he was arrested and so we have a high degree of confidence that he will attend the hearing on thursday. a convicted terrorist who alleged to radicalise them as been ordered to appear at the inquiry. it is expected that he will be brought to court from prison to face questions. this is outside source live from the bbc newsroom. our lead story is? the uk government has unveiled its plans to be carbon neutral by 2050, two weeks before the big cop26 climate summit in glasgow. over 620 million pounds will be spent on the switch to electric vehicles lets stay on that story — the uk's net—zero announcement. as part of its strategy, the uk government wants to end the sale of gas boilers by 2035. the warming of homes and buildings are responsible for about 20% of total carbon emissions. under a new proposal, people in england and wales will be offered £5,000 or nearly 7,000 dollars in grants to replace their old boilers with low carbon heat pumps or other low carbon technology. here's the uk secretary of state of international trade. this is the decisive decade, we do not have a choice in this. we need to be both world leading and deliver as well as through the work of a hosting and making sure that the rest of the world is also doing it and that is part of a challenge that we want to harness the energy and the commitment that investors were joining us here want to be part of that revolution so that we know that it is easy for citizens across the world to be part of that and leave the stuff that you and i can control, the sources of energy or clean energy solutions in the long—term. up to 25 million homes are heated by gas boilers ——— however the grants will fund just 90,000 of pumps over three years. the opposition labour party is unimpressed. i'm afraid of the government has announced his way short of what is required. we are in the middle of an energy crisis that families are struggling with, many families up and down. what we need most of all is a plan for home insulation to cut bills, cut carbon emissions and createjobs and we bills, cut carbon emissions and create jobs and we have not got that. he palms planned to provide grants for 30,000 households a year and even if their own targets, frankly it is a drop in the ocean compared to the need and transitions we need to make. i'm afraid, this plan is what we get from the government on climate change. it's big on promise and incredibly weak on delivery. the government says the subsidies will make heat pumps a comparable price to a new gas boiler. an air—source heat pump costs between £6,000 and £18,000, depending on the type installed and the size of a property. mike childs is the head of science at friends of the earth — a network of environmental organisations across the world. also can we make our environmental choice come in and afford it. many people across the country cannot afford to make that switch and the government, certainly for people with lower income homes, the government is looking at rolling out something like 30,000 a yearfor government is looking at rolling out something like 30,000 a year for the next three years and that is what we already do and if you look across to france, sweden, germany, they are doing so much more and borisjohnson is right when he tells us that we have to tackle this climate emergency and we need to move fast on it, and yet, the income to help to make the shift is far from adequate and virtually no income to help people meet home insulation either. it's like run of 1,500 metre race but we decided to walk the first route and there's no way we can catch up. the government has emphasised that there is no requirement to remove boilers that are still working. in the uk sun newspaper — prime minister borisjohnson wrote so is this plan affordable and achievable? here's environment and energy analyst, roger harrabin. it depends on the price of electricity bill it's a good is going to be roughly the same to run he palms this is to run a gas boiler. the question is does the installation cost. and it will give you £5,000 of your one of the lucky relatively few who get it, they give you £5,000 on top of that, there will be about an extra two and a half thousand pounds that you'll have to pay yourself towards the heat pump. but if you lose your boiler or delivery of your boiler. having said that, you have to pay for a new boiler anyway. and then there's the installation cost as well because that might include it almost certainly would include swapping your radio, change your piping and also to things. it is a big hassle, a big expense and the government thinks it is inevitable for us to go down this road, for going to the carbonised and i can't see any major alternatives, it is only likely to pay a very small part but it looks to me as though the government has got to move a lot further in getting people to switch over to he palms that it is proposing to do at the moment. let’s proposing to do at the moment. let's look at the situation. _ lets turn to russia, where the covid—19 situation is getting worse. a record number of covid—related deaths have been reported in the past 24 hours. in the capital moscow, four months of tougher restrictions are being brought in to deal with rising numbers and deaths. steve rosenberg is there. if you're over 60 here and not vaccinated, then you have to spend the next four months at home for most of the day, plus employers in the service sector will have to make sure that at least 80% of the staff are vaccinated. if you look at the picture across russia and you see that lots of russian regions are introducing qdr codes, vaccine passports for access to public places. you can tell the situation is getting more serious because the headlines in the russian papers are getting more dramatic. look at this, the headline we are losing the war on covid—19 and inside, the paper system world war ii, the soviet union defeated fascism but it seems as if modern russia is losing the current battle against covid—19, the paper says. here in the uk — a man who is believed to have had the heaviest kidneys on record has told the bbc he's deteremind to get his life back after having surgery to remove them. warren higgs suffers polycystic kidney disease. his kidneys weighed more than 35 kilograms. our health correspondent katharine da costa has been following the story: it is crushing my lungs and a struggle to breathe. this it is crushing my lungs and a struggle to breathe. this was born in june. struggle to breathe. this was born in june- every _ struggle to breathe. this was born in june. every organ _ struggle to breathe. this was born in june. every organ was _ struggle to breathe. this was born in june. every organ was under- injune. every organ was under intense strain. it in june. every organ was under intense strain.— in june. every organ was under intense strain. it is crushing my stomach. _ intense strain. it is crushing my stomach. so — intense strain. it is crushing my stomach. so i— intense strain. it is crushing my stomach, so i can't _ intense strain. it is crushing my stomach, so i can't eat - intense strain. it is crushing my stomach, so i can't eat solid . intense strain. it is crushing my - stomach, so i can't eat solid meals. it is left him paralysed on one side. it it is left him paralysed on one side. ~ , it is left him paralysed on one side. ~' , ., side. it will kill me within six to 12 months- _ side. it will kill me within six to 12 months. you _ side. it will kill me within six to 12 months. you can _ side. it will kill me within six to 12 months. you can see - side. it will kill me within six to 12 months. you can see here i side. it will kill me within six to 12 months. you can see here a| side. it will kill me within six to - 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys — 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys on _ 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys on either _ 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys on either side - 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys on either side of - 12 months. you can see here a normal set of kidneys on either side of the . set of kidneys on either side of the spine, warns kidneys were covered in cysts full of fluids and took up his whole abdomen. he had had enough and want the organs removed. the operation _ want the organs removed. the operation itself _ want the organs removed. the operation itself is _ want the organs removed. tie: operation itself is dangerous. want the organs removed. tte: operation itself is dangerous. it want the organs removed. tt9 operation itself is dangerous. it is a 50-50 operation itself is dangerous. it is a 50—50 chance, but i've got to take it. i've got to do it because it's not a life living on the sofa. surgeons found that the wave 35 kg, that's nearly five and a half stone, making it a highly complex operation. making it a highly complex operation-— making it a highly complex oeration. �* , :, , operation. i've never seen anything as bi as operation. i've never seen anything as big as this- _ operation. i've never seen anything as big as this. this _ operation. i've never seen anything as big as this. this have _ operation. i've never seen anything as big as this. this have to - operation. i've never seen anything as big as this. this have to be - operation. i've never seen anything as big as this. this have to be the l as big as this. this have to be the heaviest — as big as this. this have to be the heaviest kidneys anywhere in the world _ heaviest kidneys anywhere in the world. when they are distorted and not on _ world. when they are distorted and not on the — world. when they are distorted and not on the right place, you run the risk of— not on the right place, you run the risk of damaging other organs, and run the _ risk of damaging other organs, and run the risk— risk of damaging other organs, and run the risk of major haemorrhage. and from _ run the risk of major haemorrhage. and from struggling to breathe, to building back his strength, this is him three months after surgery. how are you feeling? abs, him three months after surgery. how are you feeling?— are you feeling? a lot better. yes, are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better- _ are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better- l _ are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better. i can _ are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better. i can brief, _ are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better. i can brief, i - are you feeling? a lot better. yes, a lot better. i can brief, i can - a lot better. i can brief, i can eat little bits, definitely a lot better. i smashed little bits, definitely a lot better. ismashed my little bits, definitely a lot better. i smashed my record. little bits, definitely a lot better. ismashed my record. he little bits, definitely a lot better. i smashed my record. he is dependent — better. i smashed my record. he is dependent on _ better. i smashed my record. he is dependent on dialysis _ better. i smashed my record. he is dependent on dialysis three times a week but is hoping to be out of the transplant waiting list by the end of the year. it transplant waiting list by the end of the year-— transplant waiting list by the end of the ear. :, , of the year. it will mean everything to me, if i — of the year. it will mean everything to me, if i had _ of the year. it will mean everything to me, if! had a _ of the year. it will mean everything to me, if! had a kidney, _ of the year. it will mean everything to me, if! had a kidney, than - of the year. it will mean everything to me, if! had a kidney, than i- to me, if i had a kidney, than i would just be able to do anything, do all my sports, yes, i would have to take more tablets but i'm creed to get on with my life. that would be so amazing for me ? free. if you want more analysis from outside source a good place to find it is on twitter — i'm @bbcrosatkins. follow me, you'll see all of our videos, they're usually quite short with lots packed in. we're posting new material all the time. well, it's been a bizarre day of weather for many of us today. really blowy out there, but at the same time, quite warm in the sunshine. in fact, temperatures got up to 21 degrees in east anglia and the south east. and another mild day on the way tomorrow. not quite so mild, but warm enough certainly for the time of the year. here's the reason — a current of tropical air you can see spreading into the uk all the way from the southern climes, and if we track that air, the origins are here in the caribbean. you can see caracas there in south america, the leeward and the windward islands, so this air has made a journey northwards of thousands of miles. it's obviously cooled off, but it's retained some of that warmth and the energy in the form of the strong winds and also some heavy showers that will be also continuing across the uk over the next 24 hours or so. so, a mild start across england and wales once again, and then we're watching out for these clusters of rain, these thunderstorms that could sweep across the southern half of the country during the course of wednesday. and really gusty conditions as well, but there'll be some sunshine, too. i think overall a very changeable pattern, changeable picture on the way for wednesday. and then it's all change for the second half of the week, certainly the end of the week. wednesday and thursday, it's going to feel quite a bit colder. the wind is going to change direction. in fact, low pressure will be sitting on top of us. if you track the isobars, these lines coming from the north, that's where the wind will be coming from. so, rathertropicalair coming in from the south and the south—west, we've got colder north atlantic air, even some wintry showers across the hills of scotland. and on top of that, we've got gusty winds, high tides along the north sea coasts. gust of wind in some areas could approach 40—50 mph. this is colder airfrom the north. it's going to feel very, very different on thursday. look at the temperatures. maybe eight degrees in aberdeen, 12 in birmingham, 13 in london. quite a drop, and it's that wind that's particularly going to make it feel chilly, i think, on thursday. and then thursday into friday, high pressure nudges into the uk. high pressure means that the weather will settle down. it'll push the stronger winds out into the north sea, so this is where that cold wind will be. here, winds will be lighter across the bulk of the uk. there'll some sunny spells, and i think it'll feel a little less cold and bright on friday. bye— bye. this is bbc news. the headlines at eight... the government sets out its plans for cutting carbon emissions to zero by 2050, including a big push for renewable energy, electric vehicles and millions of trees to be planted. grants of £5,000 will be on offer to people in england and wales to replace their gas boilers with heat pumps, as part of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the uk. it will be able to one day bring down the prices of green technology — evs and heat pumps and solar panels — in a way that we so rapidly made microwaves and mobile phones affordable. there are some people who are quite privileged in that they can spend that money, and obviously, it's well worth it, but it'sjust not available for everyone. if i knew the outcome — - the ins and outs, the beginning, middle and end and the outcome of what exactly i came for-