and the nobel prize for physics is awarded to three scientists who worked at the complex calculations needed to measure climate change. welcome to the programme. a former facebook employee has given it damning critique to a us senate committee. frances haugen believed the company put profits first when it knew that the platform occurred promote division and we can democracy. it is said that it was disheartening to see research taken out of context. james clayton reports. it's ringing. eleanor and freya are both 1a and, like many teenagers, they're both on instagram. as a teenager, you're looking at these people, all these models, and, you know, influencers, they all are very skinny and they have, like, a perfect body. and when you're looking at that and then kind of comparing yourself to it, it's very...i think it could be really damaging. when you're feeling at your worst and then you go on instagram and you see things that are, like, targeted at you because you have looked at these kinds of things before, you see them, like, models, influencers, celebrities, things like that, and you are just like, "oh, i will never be like that." eleanor and freya's concerns are in fact shared by one rather important company — facebook, which owns instagram. in fact, leaked internal research found that teens who struggle with mental health say that instagram makes it worse. the woman who leaked that report is called frances haugen, and she gave evidence in washington. the documents that i have provided to congress prove that facebook has repeatedly misled the public about what its own research reveals about the safety of children. she also said that facebook�*s motives were driven by money, rather than the mental health of its users. i saw facebook repeatedly encounter conflicts between its own profits and our safety. facebook consistently resolved these conflicts in favour of its own profits. here in silicon valley, facebook has pushed back, saying that some of the research presented is misleading, and despite the fact that instagram concluded that it could be damaging for children's mental health, it also says that it can have a positive impact. facebook has said it's postponed a controversial project to create instagram for kids. one thing that shows we are characterising safety above profit is that we are asking these questions. but we now know that two very important politicians in washington believe the company has put profit over the mental health of teenage girls. james clayton, bbc news, san francisco. let's speak to a washington post reporter, thank you for coming on the programme. thank you for having me. how damaging do you think this testimony will be? it looks very bad for facebook, a lot of people throughout the hearing were comparing this to the big tobacco hearings of the 19905. the big tobacco hearings of the 1990s. there was a famous hearing and a 1994 when the ceos of seven tobacco companies testified before congress and said that they didn't believe their products were addictive, that nicotine was addictive. that then became infamous and contributed to really intense and damaging regulation against the tobacco industry. there are parallels. instagram, which is facebook property, stands accused of harming the mental health of teen girls. cigarettes were obviously accused of harming the physical health of their users. both were targeted, allegedly, at young people in inappropriate ways, and this was based on research out of facebook that facebook did not choose to share. it was leaked from facebook so they were parallels from cigarette companies allegedly covering up their own research on the harm of their products. if it follows then that they do decide to intervene, regulate more, what kind of regulation would this be? how would you solve some of the problems raised? that is the really hard question. people, for years, have been pointing to some of the problems of social media, it is just facebook, by the way. a lot of these problems are common to other platforms but facebook is bailey by the largest set up social media platform. i think we have finally reached a point where there seems to be fairly broad consensus that there is a problem here and some kind of regulatory intervention is needed. figuring out what that regulation will look like in the united states and elsewhere is an open question. this whistleblower had her own ideas which are laid out today. she believes one of the biggest issues here is the algorithm, the software that decides what you see every time you open facebook, instagram. it is the software that gets to know you, what you like, what your interests are, it is a software that recognises that a teen girl may have liked a post that had to do with an extreme diet, and then it beats her more and more posts about eating disorders that make her feel worse about her body. her proposal was that a social platforms be required to offer all of the posts in reverse chronological order, like they did back in the old days before they had their sophisticated algorithms. they wouldn't be getting to know your time, tapping into yourfears getting to know your time, tapping into your fears and biases. others want to expose companies for libel content, others want to put them in front of and i trust enforcement. there are lots of things on the table, what will be pursued as the question. ——is the question. the british home secretary has lodged an enquiry into how a serving police officer was able to kidnap, rape and murder sarah everard. she says that the public needs answers to ensure this does not happen again. lastly, wayne couzens was sentenced to a whole lifetime in prison. our correspondent has this report. so many questions after sarah everard's murder. how could wayne couzens be a police officer? why wasn't he stopped earlier? why are women still not safe? nearly a week after we learned the full distressing details of what a police officer did to sarah everard, there will now be a wide—ranging inquiry. the public have a right to know what systematic failures enabled his continued employment as a police officer. we need answers as to why this was allowed to happen. applause i can confirm today that there will be an inquiry to give the independent oversight needed to ensure that something like this can never happen again. the first part will look at couzens, his previous behaviour and any opportunities missed to stop him. the second part will examine policing, looking at vetting, how police investigate themselves and their behaviour, but the inquiry won't have the power to demand witnesses and evidence. but ministers promise that will change if needed. it's not statutory, it's notjudge—led, both of which we think it needs to be. and it can'tjust be about wayne couzens, it's got to be about the entire aspect of the case and also about women's treatment by the met. hello, good morning. only yesterday, the met police commissioner announced a review into her own force by an independent person working alongside her. there's also the police regulator investigation into whether the met and kent police properly looked into three indecent exposure allegations against couzens. the home office can't say if any of the inquiry will be held in public. but the conclusions will be published. and just last month, the police inspectorate said there was an epidemic of violence against women and it needed to be treated as seriously as terrorism is, so it's not as if the government and the forces haven't been aware of many of these issues. tonight, they held a vigil for sabina nessa, one of more than 80 women killed by men since sarah everard, but this morning, the prime minister refused to back calls for misogyny to be classified as a hate crime because he believes current laws are sufficient. this new inquiry must notjust highlight the problems but make the changes, so that all women can be safe. lucy manning, bbc news. miles of beaches in southern california remain closed after pipeline closed due to barrels of oil flowing into the ocean. the us coast guard, and the pipeline ceo said there was a delay between the siting of the spill and the response. this year's nobel prize for physics has been awarded to three scientists for their work linked to climate change. all of them have developed new methods and describing the complex systems that lie behind the phenomenon. one of the recipients urged governments to act to combat global warming. our planet is in peril in a way thatis our planet is in peril in a way that is totally unprecedented. the ice caps are melting, forest fire burning, the coral reefs are dying and the air is often thick with pollution. the scale and seriousness of this crisis reflected in it this year's winners of the nobel prize for physics. the swedish academy of sciences awarding it in a two part — firstly to show should and for the study of iron atoms, casting new light on how the climate change on a planetary scale. for all three man, it is recognition of a life's work but there's more to it than that. translation: i it than that. translation: 4' it than that. translation: ~ ., ., translation: i think the award is important _ translation: i think the award is important not _ translation: i think the award is important not only _ translation: i think the award is important not only for- translation: i think the award is important not only for me - translation: i think the award is important not only for me by l is important not only for me by the other two because climate change is a huge threat to humanity and it is a dreamily important ——it is critical governments respond as early as possible. they decipher the way the world is changing and the work gives us all the information we need everyone to combat global warming. ithink warming. i think the most important thing is i try to help understanding why climate has changed as it has been, and how it is going to change in future. next month, world leaders will gather in glasgow for cop26. it has been described as the last chance to avert climate disaster. if they are to succeed, three nobel prize winners will have helped appoint them in the right direction. sticking with that theme, stay with us because coming up — taking a look at the impact of methane emissions on global warming and our series, climate critical. this was a celebration by people who were relishing their freedom. they believe everything's going to be different from now on. they think their country will be respected in the world once more, as it used to be before slobodan milosevic took power. the dalai lama, the exiled spiritual leader of tibet, has won this year's nobel peace prize. as the parade was reaching its climax, two grenades i exploded and a group of- soldiersjumped from a military truck taking part in the paradel and ran towards the president, firing from kalashnikov automatic rifles. - after 437 years, the skeletal ribs of henry viii's tragic warship emerged. but even as divers worked to buoy her up, the mary rose went through another heart—stopping drama. i want to be the people's governor. i want to represent everybody. i believe in the people of california. this is bbc news. the headlines — facebook has told the bbc it does protect its users welfare after being accused by a whistleblower of putting its profits first. the british government has launched an enquiry into systemic failures by police that enabled a serving officer to rape and murder a woman in london. every week at this time we are taking a look at climate change, bringing you a different story with implications for our planet's future. often there is a focus on carbon dioxide emissions but another more potent greenhouse gas is attracting much less attention. let's take a look at more detail. methane has 80 times as much warming power as c02, and cutting the emissions could be one of the fastest fixes for our warming planet. methane is a colourless, odourless, and produced in living things decompose or by the burning of fossil fuels. decompose or by the burning of fossilfuels. it is responsible for at least one quarter of today's global warming but stays in the atmosphere for a relatively short time — around one decade — rather than hundreds of years as with c02. cutting methane emissions would be a cheap, easy, and quick way to cut global warming according to cut global warming according to the un. it could be crucial to the un. it could be crucial to keep the 1.5 degrees target alive. currently, the world is on a critical path to warm up by 2.7 degrees by the end of the century. thanks so much for coming the programme. let's focus on methane. a significant do you think it could be? i5 methane. a significant do you think it could be?— think it could be? is the sinale think it could be? is the single biggest _ think it could be? is the single biggest and - think it could be? is the i single biggest and fastest, think it could be? is the - single biggest and fastest, and as you point out, cheapest way to slow down warming in the near term. to slow down warming in the nearterm. it's to slow down warming in the near term. it's really important. and get to the net zero goals of 2050. you need to bend the warming curve we need to do it very quickly to slow down the self reinforcing feedbacks that are about to push the climate system beyond human control.— human control. given that significance _ human control. given that significance in _ human control. given that significance in the - human control. given that i significance in the relatively shorter term, significance in the relatively shorterterm, how significance in the relatively shorter term, how do you go about cutting methane? well, there are several _ about cutting methane? well, there are several set - about cutting methane? well, there are several set to - about cutting methane? well, there are several set to focus| there are several set to focus on. the first 20 years, the oil and gas and coal sector, fossil fuel. we need to phase out of these fossil fuels as fast as we can and that may be two decades, three decades as we move to net zero. in the meantime methane is the primary part of that gas. oil and gas wells. that is number one. take care of immediate leaks from the oil, gas and coal methane. met then is what kills the canary in the coal mine. you've got the waste sector. so landfill waste, this is the organic waste, we throw away a lot of food waste, we should not be creating it. and also wastewater treatment. that is another big target. we need to reduce that as fast as we can. all the technologies we need, and finally, it is methane from the agricultural sector. you can put in bio digestions, capture that methane, turn the fuel on the farm, and you can also change the feed for the ruminants, for cattle and sheep. and lower their emissions is what. i hadn't heard of— emissions is what. i hadn't heard of that _ emissions is what. i hadn't heard of that trick - emissions is what. i hadn't heard of that trick four. . emissions is what. i hadn't i heard of that trick four. going back to things like oil and gas, surely that is where there is potential for opposition or at least smoke movement here. that is some of the challenge. yes, but have oil and gas, and coal, coal is on its way out. i think we can move away from coal. oiland think we can move away from coal. oil and gas, think we can move away from coal. oiland gas, business will not survive and keep their social licence if they don't immediately cut methane as we transition them to clean energy businesses or shut them down completely. they themselves will be a huge stranded asset. and finally, just given the normal focus on co2 emissions the dominates the conversation, how confident are you that we will make this significant reductions that we need in the short—term to really make a difference. well, i'm confident, both because we had to do it and we know how to do it. ., , ., to do it and we know how to do it. so the european union and the us put — it. so the european union and the us put together _ it. so the european union and the us put together the - it. so the european union and| the us put together the global methane pledge, they've discussed it at the major economies forum just a few weeks ago, and moving forward at cop26 to make a big player methane. this is a critical step, a long way to a global methane agreement, which should be modelled after the montreal protocol, the treaty that is protected the stratosphere and done more for climate than any other treaty. we done more for climate than any other treaty-— other treaty. we must leave it there. fascinating _ other treaty. we must leave it there. fascinating to - other treaty. we must leave it there. fascinating to get - other treaty. we must leave it there. fascinating to get your| there. fascinating to get your thoughts, thanks so much. cop26 will be held next month. countries will strengthen their commitments to ensure global warming is limited to 1.5 degrees. the key to that effort will be getting the biggest emitters on board. or territories are responsible for more than half the world's emissions. that means any climate solution has twin involvement united states, europe, india and china and in a new series of reports, my colleague ros atkins is going to look at all four of them starting with china which produces 27% of the co2 and we look at the promises china has made on climate and the challenges it faces in bringing emissions down. industrialisation has lifted millions of chinese out of poverty in our chinese 20 question about a change, as the climate envoy of the us is emphasised.— climate envoy of the us is emhasised. ~ . ., , emphasised. we will certainly be dealing — emphasised. we will certainly be dealing with _ emphasised. we will certainly be dealing with this _ emphasised. we will certainly be dealing with this for- emphasised. we will certainly be dealing with this for the i be dealing with this for the rest of our lives. this challenge is as big as any that we face on a global basis. and china, my friend, plays a supercritical role. it china, my friend, plays a supercritical role.- china, my friend, plays a supercritical role. it is china willinu supercritical role. it is china willing to — supercritical role. it is china willing to play _ supercritical role. it is china willing to play that - supercritical role. it is china willing to play that critical . willing to play that critical role? is it willing to adapt out industrialise is austin markjohn has made commitments. it's emissions have quadrupled since 1990 but it says they will pick 42030. the blue line here shows is on target to do that, the right now, china �*s emissions are going up, unlike, for example, the us. john also wants to be carbon neutral by 2060. that part is shown here in red. us and the eu are for 2050. the context, though, is that the west's industrialised economies were created on the back of fossil fuels. president xi argues that the west wants developing countries to become wealthy or via a different route, the west needs to help. developed countries need to increase climate ambition and action and make concrete efforts to developing countries accelerate the transition to green and low carbon development. the problem is, that while china and the west disagree over who bears the cost, climate analysts are clear. china's current plan just isn't enough. they argue china needs to be following this yellow line. i think—tank on industry and climate puts it like this. fit, on industry and climate puts it like this. �* , , like this. a simple mathematical - like this. a simple | mathematical fact, like this. a simple i mathematicalfact, if like this. a simple - mathematical fact, if china mathematicalfact, if china does not pick emissions before 2030, i do not think we have anything like a 50—50 chance of limiting global warming to 1.5 celsius. �* ., limiting global warming to 1.5 celsius. �* . ., ., celsius. and at the heart of this is coal. _ celsius. and at the heart of this is coal. over _ celsius. and at the heart of this is coal. over half - celsius. and at the heart of this is coal. over half of i this is coal. over half of china's energy comes from it and while china says coal use will fall after 2026, and that it won't build any new coal plants abroad, inside china they keep coming. the camping group greenpeace is 24 plants were approved in the first half this year. the analyst byford zang explains why.— zang explains why. what is sto- -|n~ zang explains why. what is stopping china _ zang explains why. what is stopping china going - zang explains why. what is| stopping china going further into mr cole is the fact that large sections of the economy are dependent on coal—fired power and a lot of people are employed by coal.— employed by coal. another factor is — employed by coal. another factor is manufacturing. i employed by coal. another. factor is manufacturing. china is often described as the world's actor and it estimated 10% of china's emissions come from producing goods for export, goods will consume. and while much of china's industries fuelled by coal, it is looking beyond it. china has built hundreds of solar—powered plants. this is one employee. translation: 0ur plants. this is one employee. translation: oursolar plants. this is one employee. translation: our solar plant can say 50 or 60,000 tons of coal each year. i'm proud doing thisjob and working in coal each year. i'm proud doing this job and working in this industry. this job and working in this indust . ., , this job and working in this industry-— this job and working in this indust . . , , ., industry. china is helping to create better, _ industry. china is helping to create better, cheaper- create better, cheaper solar and wind technology. it also made nearly half of all electric cars in the last decade and it's a world leader in treeplanting, something that helps absorb carbon. but treeplanting and technology treepla nting and technology alone treeplanting and technology alone will not resolve the central issue here. many millions of chinese have a new degree of financial security thanks to industrialisation. china fears cutting emissions to quicklyjeopardises that. some argue that trade—off may soon be gone. some argue that trade-off may soon be gone-— soon be gone. what they are tacklin: soon be gone. what they are tackling is — soon be gone. what they are tackling is a _ soon be gone. what they are tackling is a huge _ soon be gone. what they are tackling is a huge massive i tackling is a huge massive economy which is growing at 10% every single year, and they are trying to actually lift all of their population out of extreme poverty. which was their central goal. now they've almost done that, then they can actually focus on how do we produce our energy. the issue is whether _ produce our energy. the issue is whether china _ produce our energy. the issue is whether china achieves - produce our energy. the issue is whether china achieves thatj is whether china achieves that point before it's too late for our climate. just before i go, i want to show you these pick is. hundreds of hotter balloons took to the sky over new mexico as the albuquerque international balloon fiesta entered its fourth day. over 500 balloons painted the sky in the world's largest hot—air balloon festival. nearly 1 billion people from allowing globe will visit the event. it's the 49th running of the fiesta which brings in millions of dollars for the local economy. i'm lewis vaughan—jones, this is bbc news. hello there. wednesday looks like it's going to be a drier, brighter day for many parts of the uk. a vast improvement over what we saw on tuesday. the northeast of england was particularly badly affected by the rain. it was about a month's worth of rain falling in 24 hours. throughout the day, it was a pretty wet too across eastern parts of scotland. the low pressure that brought the rain and the strong winds is moving out of the way. we've got the next atlantic weather system coming in to the west and in between the two, a small window of drier weather and some sunshine. with clearer skies to start the day across large parts of scotland and northern ireland, pretty chilly out there. for eastern parts of england, there's more rain around still and it's lighter by the morning, the rain should move away. those northerly winds will gradually ease and the cloud eventually break up. we've got this slice of dry weather and sunshine, but western areas are going to be clouding over steadily and we've got some rain in the afternoon particularly across northern ireland. ahead of that, something a bit warmer than today across much of england and wales. it could be quite chilly in the evening with the clearer skies in eastern england and out to the west though, the cloud is coming in, thickening up to bring some rain into western scotland and that will tend to lift the temperatures, as well. as we head into the end of the week, it is a complete turnaround really because there is much warmer weather on the way and that is because the winds are going to be coming in all the way around the tropics and bringing in those higher temperatures, bringing in the moisture in the form of cloud and we've still got the weather front just draped across the northwestern part of the uk to bring some rain. that is mainly affecting northern and western scotland during thursday, some heavier rain for argyle and highland. some rain threatens northern ireland could be a bit of damp, drizzly weather across western parts of england and wales. brighter skies further east. but despite a lot of cloud on thursday, look at these temperatures. 19 in belfast, could make 20 in newcastle, much, much warmer than it was on tuesday. the winds will be lighter for england and wales on friday, could be some fog in the morning through the midlands towards the southeast of england and lifting to bring some sunny spells, still a threat of rain in the northwest parts of the uk with some sunshine at times. and those temperatures again widely 18 to 21 c. the next question is how long will it last? saturday looks quite warm for many. some rain in scotland and northern ireland. as the weekend goes on, it will gradually cool down from the north. this is bbc news. the headlines: a former facebook employee turned whistleblower has told the us congress the social media giant is harming children, stroking division, and weakening democracy. frances haugen, who leads internal company research to the wall street journal, also said facebook chose profit over the safety of users. the the safety of users. british government has announced the british government has announced an independent enquiry into the police following the murder of a young woman, sarah everard, by an officer that shocked the country. home secretary ready patel said the probe would determine what she called the unimaginable values that allowed wayne couzens to remain in the police. the governor of california has once again called for an end to offshore drilling following the massive oil spill off the southern coast of the state. gavin newsom said it underlined the need for to end america's dependence on fossil fuels. it is thought to have resulted from the rupture of a pipeline. now on bbc news panorama investigates the pandora papers, one of the biggest offshore leaks in history, revealing the financial secrets of some of the most powerful people on the planet. on panorama tonight, prime ministers, presidents and royalty — their secrets exposed. it feels instinctively really unfair, because they got access to an advantage that the rest of us don't have. millions of leaked documents reveal hidden fortunes. as a former government official, i would be looking very hard at this. we will show you how world leaders use offshore companies to conceal wealth. that he hasjust been sort. of funnelling money abroad