Now on bbc news, dateline. Hello and welcome to the programme which brings together some of the uks leading commentators, bbc specialists, and the journalists who write, Blog And Broadcast from the dateline london. This week, Back To School back to covid . Afghanistan after america, and the Dateline Panel Mark your cards with the news thats worrying them. The they this week are steve richards, author of the Prime Ministers we never had and after 30 years in the highways and byeways of westminster, he should know. Eunice goes is a portuguese journalist and academic, and with me in the studio is bbc health editor, hugh pym. Welcome, hugh, and welcome to both of you, as well. Good to have you with us. Now, here in the uk, covid has quietly slipped down News Programme running orders. During the summer, newspapers and Website Front pages have had other headlines olympic and paralympic glory, and, of course, afghanistan. It was scotlands First Minister who brought us up sharp tuesday, when she told the Scottish Parliament that cases had increased there by 80 in a week. Scotland has just recorded its highest Daily Rate of infections since the pandemic began. Pupils returned to school in mid august. Will other parts of the uk now experience a similar rise in cases as the term begins there . Well, perhaps mindful of the anger on display in City Streets in a country like australia, uk political leaders say they don . T want to lock down again. So, what sort of winter awaits us here in the northern hemisphere, and, indeed, can the global south expect some relief . Hugh, first of all, just looking at the uk, what are, kind of, the statistics telling us at the moment . What sort of picture is emerging about covid, now weve endured the Delta Variant for quite a few months . Well, shaun, Case Numbers are essentially fairly flat. Theyre not going up dramatically or falling sharply in the uk, and that is, in a way, an outcome which is rather different from what was being predicted by Government Experts and scientists injuly of a very sharp increase. That being said, daily cases are much higher than in august last year. Now, in scotland, schools have gone back, as weve just noted, and that has partly been the reason for the increase in cases there. In england and other parts of the uk, schools have been going back in recent days and into next week and beyond. So, the key thing is how that may or may not change Case Numbers. And there has been a decision on friday, or at least a decision to look further at the evidence for vaccinating children at least teenage children but whats the thinking behind that . Well, its a really important decision for the uk. The expert committee, Thejoint Committee on vaccination and immunisation, independent, was asked to say what are the benefits and risks of vaccinations for 12 15 year olds. And they have come up with a rather qualified conclusion, which is that the Health Benefits marginally outweigh the risks, but they are not going to go any further than that. In the past, they have given the thumbs up to 16 and i7 year olds and other groups before that. So the result of that is that the uks Chief Medical Officer will now have to draw up their guidelines for parents and families in different parts of the uk. So, rather a strange turn there, given that in the us, for example, france and canada, theyve gone ahead with Injecting I2 Year olds a little while ago. So it shows that theres still quite a lively debate on whether it is a good idea. And about effectiveness. I want to come back to the question of further doses for people who have been vaccinated in a moment, because thats quite a lively debate in this country and others. Eunice, let me ask you first of all about the picture in continental europe. Have they overcome the early difficulties in terms of vaccinating their populations . Well, they have. It was a very slow start of the Vaccination Roll out programme in europe, and that was largely due to the lack of doses of vaccine. But that has been overcome, and the eu has already vaccinated over 70 of its population. And in some countries, like portugal, has vaccinated 73 of the population has received two vaccines, 83 has received one vaccine. But this contrasts heavily with a country like bulgaria, who has vaccinated less than 20 , so its a rather mixed picture that tells us something about different Health Care programmes that have well established or less well established Vaccination Programmes, and of course, the whole issue about the scepticism about vaccines, the scepticism about science and the World Health Organization actually warned us this week about the dangers of not progressing with the Vaccination Programme and the danger as well of the anti vax movements that are growing in europe and are stalling the whole Vaccination Programme. Steve richards, what do you make of the Opportunity Britain has had during the summer . And i wonder what the british government has done with that opportunity, in yourjudgment, of, if you like, a pause in hostilities with covid. You know, the benefits of the weather, the benefits of people being displaced from big population centres, the benefits, as hugh was saying, of kids not being in school. Have they made use of that opportunity at all . Well, it depends what you mean by making use of. L it seems to me. Ive had a conversation with a very senior politician from scotland in mid august, a very sharp reader of politics, and he said, you watch, when the schools go back in scotland, earlier, of course, than england, | and the whole thing will start surging again. And that is what hasl happened in scotland and that will probably happen in england. I and he said the solution is clear you do have i to vaccinate schoolchildren, certainly teenagers. So that is one thing, i has indicated, sort of, in the air at the moment, whereas it seems to me i that is one route that can perhaps address some i of the immediate. Fears of the autumn. Beyond that, i think were in a curious position, one i read of a scientist, hugh will know much more, but one of the more optimistic scientists saying he has neverl had more doubt about what might happen next in the uk than at the moment. So, its certainly a period i where you cannot say, well, were through all of this, by any means, but given| that its a Vaccine Led Recovery in the uk, Not A, kind of, constraint led recovery, i think the argument for Vaccinating Teenagers Welll intensify in the coming weeks. Just picking up on exactly that point about this being a Vaccine Led Recovery, the question has arisen about should the fortunate people in the Uk Whove had one or two doses get a third dose, a booster vaccine. Because theres some evidence that, although limited, emerging from israel, for example, that vaccinated so much earlier than many other countries that maybe the effectiveness of vaccines can wane. Yes, the effectiveness can wane according to that research in israel and in other countries as well, but this fairly positive data following the boosterjabs such had been rolled out in israel, so, the key thing for the uk is whether to do the same. And a decision has been made about those with Immuno Suppressed situations, that they will get a third jab, but will it be rolled out to the wider population starting with older Age Groups . That is a decision which has not been announced. It could be fairly imminent, and it touches on the whole issue of inequality, should wealthy nations be getting these doses when in africa, for example, less than 2 of populations have had any form of full vaccination, and i think the World Health Organization is a Bit Split on this. Some see the benefits coming into the winter with the most vulnerable people getting a third vaccine, but what about the issue of the supplies . And others are saying, actually, this should be put on hold until there are further Vaccination Efforts worldwide. Its also interesting to see a number of countries, their strategies that seemed effective seem not so effective now measured against the impact of the Delta Variant. I am thinking of Test And Trace in vietnam which was kind of a World Leader which just hasnt been able to keep up with the pace of infection. You had a minister in the New Zealand Government saying, look, our policy of isolation and then locked down as soon as the case arises rapidly isnt going to work for much longer if you can debate how effective it has been already. And i was mentioning in the introduction, those protests in australia that seem to be getting bigger and more widespread. Do you worry that were almost vaccine notwithstanding a sense that were almost back to square one with our battle with this infection . I dont think were back to square one because of the vaccine, however, as you suggest, the variants, each one throws up fresh challenges, and so the assumptions that one particular variant was being addressed by either the, sort of, rigid lockdowns in New Zealand and to some extent australia, can be immediately turned on its head by another variants which, you know, one person has it in New Zealand, suddenly 50 do. So, there needs to be a combination of constant improvisation and forensic analysis of whats happening and whats the best way through, but what is clear to me from this discussion and, sort of, follows my instincts anyway is that the idea that were through this, that this is a sort of end, isjust so premature because there will be other variants at certain points, and they might challenge the vaccines that are currently being implemented. So, yeah, i think governments around the world are in a state of flux about quite how to deal with this, and a return to in inverted commas the norm, as in Pre Pandemic is still some way off. Just picking up on that, a number of World Leaders have said to us, borisjohnson in this country, plenty of others around the globe, we are going to have to learn to live with this. How far away do you think we are from that point of learning to live with covid . Well, i think there l are still quite a few lessons to be learned, because it depends very much what we mean by learning to live with covid. As such, you know, letting i the virus spread, do nothing and let so called Herd Immunity take place . | or learning to live with covid i means accepting that we need to put in place mitigating measures, you know, from wearing Face Masksi in enclosed public places. Installing good Quality Ventilation in schools, | in offices and so on. Enabling people to work from home, so hybrid. Forms of working. All of this, and keeping, as well, Testing Systems in place, so allowing people to isolate until they have i the results of a negative covid test, if theyve been in touch i with somebody with covid. These are the thingsl that are disappearing from the united kingdom, and i think these are the things that may lead to a very massive surgel in the number of cases| that may lead to, well, yet another christmasi spent under lockdown. So, learning to live with covid means learning to accept that in order to have some form i of normality and thats not going to be the normality of Pre Pandemic times | we need to accept that our lives are going to be livedl differently, that there is a price to pay to be| able to meet our friends and our families to go. To the cinema and restaurants and to work as well and to keep our economy. Going that there are certain things that we need to change in the way that we live. Last thoughts . To build on steves point, it will be very uncertain, at least through the winter, because youve got influenza, there was almost no influenza during the first few waves of covid, that means theres less immunity. Youve got winter with more respiratory viruses around, and youve got more people indoors, mixing indoors, so, again, picking up on a previous point, its so hard to predict how people will behave in the winter in crowded indoor set ups, and we know that the vaccine is very, very effective, but against the Delta Variant you can be Double Jabbed and you can still get the virus, even if on balance it doesnt make you as sick as it would have done without vaccination. Thank you very much. Captured in the eerie Green Glow of military night vision, like a ghost Not A soldier, major general Chris Donahue climbed aboard a us airforce c17. For all the jeering from joe biden� s critics, midnight monday in kabul didnt look like the fall of saigon. After all, this wasnt the repudiation of a decades long us strategy, as The End of the Vietnam War has been, but the coda to an engagement which began thousands of miles away above the streets of manhattan, the pentagon and a field in pennsylvania. That anniversary, 9 11, will be marked for the 20th Time next saturday. As americans and others look to their grief, what awaits the people of afghanistan . Eunice, a government different from The One that the taliban led before it was deposed 20 years ago, or is it really the same old ideology and the same old approach to ordinary life . Well, i think its very early to make any assessment i of the nature of the new Taliban Regime. Are they really different . Are they new . Theyve been very busy on a very massive, and to a certain extent, successful Pr Campaign trying to convince the west that they are more modern, you know, they like drinking cappuccinos, they would like to have Cafes Serving Cappuccinos in kabul, they are very good at using Social Media they are not l going to crack down on people using televisions and so on,. So they are trying to show. That they are more humane, more westernised and so on, but there are also signs that the old taliban are there. Its still a regime that does not like women. Women have been told not to come back to work, especially those working asjudges, mayors, injournalism and so on, so i think it remains very much to be seen, but perhaps more important than with the new I Regime is the new taliban different than the old taliban . Perhaps what this new taliban will have to adjust to is to a new afghanistan, because we have a whole i generation of afghans who were born since 2001, they are adults. They have different values. They have different l expectations as well. And it will be their reaction i to the new regime that i think is going to shape what that taliban will try to impose in society. Because it will be, there are already some signs that this younger generation is not ready to give up so easily on the freedoms,. On the opportunities they had in the last 20 years, and they are ready to fight for them. L now, how hard will that taliban crack down on these protests, we do not know. Early days. But i think its going to be the relationship between, j on The One hand the Taliban Regime and the Afghan Population that is going to shape the future afghan government. Yeah, steve, i think that quote mentioned there is along the lines of was along the lines of women stay away from work until we have educated our fighters to respect women. I wonder if that is all part of the pr that eunice was referring to. The leadership spoke to some of the, kind of, The Old Guard of the regime that had departed, including the president karzai. We had envoys sent to Panjshir Valley where the strongest anti taliban movement, although the fighting has begun again there. Was it all just show . Well, i personally am not qualified to make thatjudgment. I dont know the current makeup of the taliban. But the other day in a public event i interviewed jonathan powell, tony Blairs Chief of staff in number ten who was, of course, there when britain was part of the 2001 autumnal invasion of afghanistan and since leaving office has worked very closely with all kinds of people in afghanistan and continues to do so. And he told me that it is absolutely the case that there is an expedient wing in the taliban leadership and that that is not for show, that like all political forces, there are great internal divisions, and he was saying, and i repeat this with a kind of approval, if you like, because hes. And im not that there is a responsibility to engage. He thinks it was a big mistake not to engage with the taliban in 2001. Actually to engage with the taliban and try and engage with what he sees as the pragmatic wing. Clearly there are others who are wholly unreconstructed in recent decades, but there is this possibility of an engagement with some, and i repeat this because he is an authority and i am not. Which is very candid of you. As health editor, i am hardly going to expect you to be an authority on the Ideology And Philosophy of taliban leadership, but lets start with the practical question. This community who has arrived in the uk and many other countries around the world, many of those people are highly qualified professionals, and in the case of the british nhs, they are doctors and nurses and others. Are there many practical hurdles that would stop people with those kinds of qualifications actually practising here, and indeed in other western countries . I am glad you asked me that, sean, and not further developments on afghanistan because i would defer to our colleagues on that. I think i may ask and it would be hugely valuable to the nhs, which for decades really, almost since it was founded, has needed doctors, nurses and other staff from other parts of the world, and they have greatly enriched the nhs and provided great service and skills. The general medical council, the main regulator, has to look at the qualifications and verify that they are suitable and that the qualifications match up whats required in the uk. Then there are issues of language and of further trials, which could be a little bit complicated, but i think, broadly speaking, if youve got really highly skilled Health Professionals who can show the right paperwork, then im sure it would be greatly welcome. Not least, of course, because we have a shortage of the people we need, dont we . Just a last thought on this, there is a potential here, eunice, isnt there, to seize the opportunity of leverage, if we are going to talk to this new taliban leadership. The economy is tanking, three quarters of the budget has gone because it was foreign Aid Money. We hear reports that, for example, Cooking Oil has just suddenly gone up 63 . This is a government that, however much It Taxes Imports and exports at land borders, and however much it boosts heroin er, opium production, which ends up on the streets of other countries including the uk as heroin the Bottom Line is they need money. Well, the west has, of course, some leverage, but Aid Money only goes so far, and it is true that the i humanitarian situation in afghanistan at the moment is very, very dire. I think the threat of hunger for a big chunk of the population is really upon us. Lots of un agencies have been warning about the shortage. Of food, basic food staples in afghanistan, so there i is the possibility of leverage, i but, for instance, what the Uk Government has promised to give Afghanistan Is, will only cover a fraction of afghan needs. So the question of leverage can be used. Then we also have un agencies who will not be leveraging, they will essentially be meeting their responsibilities as aid agencies. What the afghan government, the taliban have been doing. Very cleverly these past ten days, has been to say that they are, they dont need the west. Or they dont need the West Soj much because they have china. That china is to essentially with open arms, Opening L their Cheque Books and offer a contract to do all sorts of things from Mineral I Exploitation and to keep their Tax Systems working and so on, and there is. A little bit of game playing. But i think in The End, i the future of afghanistan will very much depend on how important afghanistan will be in world politics, and i think western countries, and in the way that international politics work, Afghanistan Is not extremely important, and this is essentially the drama of afghanistan. Eunice, thank you very much there. Weve just got a couple of minutes at The End, a chance for each of you to, as i say, mark peoples cards about the story you think they should be aware of, either one we may have reported or perhaps could do with reporting more on. Reported or perhaps could do steve, you first. Reported or perhaps could do big story of interest in british politics, of interest, i think, elsewhere as well. After years and years of attempted projects in this area, it appears that the government is soon, perhaps even next week, to announce how it plans to finance Social Care in the uk, or certainly parts of the uk. Now, this is a huge story. It has been for a long time. And there are complete internal tensions about how much should be raised, how it should be raised, and its an example of the, in a way, dysfunctionality of british politics where everyone agrees something must be done and yet its still not clear how its going to be done, even with the announcement looming in the coming days. A mere 20 years after politicians start talking about it in earnest eunice, your go. Oh, well, the story that has. Really caught my eye has been, well, the ongoing Hurricane Ida and all the damage that it has. Created in the united states. Yesterday, there were floods in New York, and it was a really. Freak weather event, because after a few hours of very, very heavy rain, so torrential rains, there was sun at The End of the afternoon in New York, but what happened was there were loss of life, and, of course, it is the most vulnerable population. In New York and of Those American Cities who suffered. He saw across europe, across the world this summer, Freak Weather events, so flooding that was juxtaposed with a lot of very hot weather. And this is, i think this is the earth telling us. That we really need to take the Climate Emergency seriously because otherwise it is, again, the most vulnerable, and All Of Us, who continue to pay for this. For the neglect of the environment. Indeed. Youve got about 45 seconds or so left, hugh. Shaun, i agree with steve, the social Care Issue certainly in england is hugely important. How is it going to be paid for . Nhs is one thing, Social Care is means tested and has to be paid for. How that pans out, crucial. On a lighter note, the relaunch of abba. The new brand, getting together again, the famous four after all these years, got a huge amount of coverage in the news, but how it actually comes together in practice with all this digital trickery to make them look a lot younger, i will be watching out for that. I do think All Of Us who work in broadcasting as well will be watching to see whether or not the abba tars, the younger versions of themselves, still singing the same and looking like they did a0 years ago works out. We all live in hope for that. Dateline london back at the same time next week. From All Of Us, goodbye. Hello. Sunnier, warmer weather on the way with september likely to top august in the temperature stakes. In the month of august, the high temperature was 27. 2 degrees celsius. This week, were expecting 29, maybe even 30. It is unusual for september to outdo august when it comes to the top temperature. And the warmth gets under way in england and wales for sunday, helped by a more generous helping of sunshine than of late, but wetter for some perhaps in scotland and Northern Ireland. Very slowly, High Pressure moving away, atlantic Weather Fronts coming in. That will bring a bit of rain, slowly spreading east during the day. It may be welcome where its been so dry. We are mainly dry to begin the day, some patchy Mist And Fog clearing. For england and wales, there will still be some areas of cloud, but sunny spells, too. An isolated shower in central southern England Cant be ruled out. Some areas of Sea Fog around the coast of southwest england. With light winds, Itll Feel warm in the sunny spells. The Wind Strengthening in Western Scotland and outbreaks of rain moving in, not reaching southern and eastern scotland until very late in the day. The rain moving into Northern Ireland, too, the east staying mainly dry until later on. Temperatures for england and wales in the low to mid 20s in those sunny spells. So, a wet Evening And Scotland and Northern Ireland. Monday, some of this rain will push on towards parts of northern england. It will be a mild start to monday. And this wet Weather System will slowly fizzle out as we go on through monday. Were left with some patchy rain towards the west of northern Ireland And Western Parts of scotland. Still a fair amount of cloud here, whereas for england and wales, therell still be sunny spells, though it could still be quite misty around some of the coasts of southwest england. And the temperatures in the sunshine in england and wales a little bit higher, reaching into the upper 20s in the warmer spots. And the warmth becomes more widespread for tuesday and wednesday. Clearer, warmer Weather Heading in from the southeast around that ridge of High Pressure. Therell some Mist And Fog early on tuesday. That will clear away. Still got some cloud in the far north of scotland, a few spots of rain to clear away, but by tuesday afternoon, there is a huge amount of sunshine out there and the temperatures are responding. Scotland and Northern Ireland with lows of mid 20s, england and wales, mid to high 20s, and near30 in the hotspots. That continues into wednesday. Later in the week, as the temperatures wane, a chance for rain goes up. Some thunderstorms, too. Its Hello And Welcome to bbc news. The head of Pakistans Spy Agency has visited afghanistan amid continued uncertainty about how the taliban proposes to rule the country. General Faiz Hameed is thought to be advising the military which is continuing its efforts to oust the resistance in the Panjshir Valley. The taliban have insisted all factions will be included in the new government, though its not yet clear how that will work. Our South Asia Correspondent danjohnson reports. The taliban says kabul is being cleaned and decorated ahead of a new Government And Cabinet being announced