Using the Hashtag Bbcyourquestions petrol bombs are thrown and a bus is hijacked and set on fire in another night of violence in belfast. Northern irelands Power Sharing Executive will meet later. Myanmar� s ambassador in the uk is locked out of his London Embassy saying he and his staff were told to leave the building by myanmar� s military, because of his opposition to the coup in his country. Public transport prepares for the next phase of Lockdown Easing in england. The industry reassures travellers that trains and buses will be safe. Good morning. Welcome to bbc news. Ministers are reassuring the public about the safety of the aztrazeneca coroanvirus vaccine after the official advice changed to say that adults under 30 should be offered an Alternative Jab. The uk Medicines Regulator, the mhra, said the evidence had been firming up that a link exists between rare blood clots and the vaccine. Astrazeneca says it is working with officials to try to understand what is causing these extremely rare events. It comes after comes after a review by the uk Drugs Regulator found that by the end of march, 79 people had suffered rare blood clots after vaccination 19 of whom had died. Nearly two thirds of the cases of rare clots were seen in women. The regulator said this was not proof the jab had caused the clots. But it said the link was getting firmer. There is also increasingly strong evidence this morning that the uks Vaccination Programme is breaking the link between covid 19 cases and deaths according to scientists tracking the epidemic. A study from Imperial College london found that a decline in the rate of new Coronavirus Infections has stalled, with1 in 500 people currently infected in england. But the study found infections are now leading to fewer Hospital Admissions and deaths, which likely reflects the impact of the Vaccination Programme. Well get more coronavirus data this morning. In about half an hour were expecting that latest data from the 0ns covid 19 infection survey, which tells us more about prevalence and who is still catching the virus. Well also get the latest data on the number of deaths registered in england and wales. We will bring you the latest developments and analysis today. First, Naomi Grimley has this report on the growing concern around the aztrazeneca vaccine. Vaccine take up in the uk has so far been extremely successful, with 95 of the over 60s accepting their offers of a jab. Officials are determined that this latest change in what they call clinical preferences doesnt see that progress stall. Theres still no proven link between the astrazeneca vaccine and very rare blood clots, but the government accepts it should tweak its plans for Younger Age Groups, where the Risk Benefit Calculation might be more finely balanced. Yesterday, the deputy Chief Medical Officer for england, jonathan van tam, said the decision to offer the under 30s an alternative to the astrazeneca vaccine was a course correction, but not about stopping or delaying jabs. Vaccines continue to be the way out for the uk. They continue to be the way in which we can get our lives back to normal, and our economy opened up again in the shortest time possible. So the message remains clear everybody who has already had a first dose of the astrazeneca vaccine should receive a second dose of the same brand, except for the very small number who experienced blood clots after their first vaccination. Those who advise the government on vaccines want us all to understand the subtleties of risk in medicine. Even aspirin, for example, has an incredibly rare condition which is fatal in children occasionally associated with it. So these things. Theyre not unusual. The risk balance is something we have to communicate because it is a little. Sometimes a little difficult to get that concept across accurately. Questions remain, however, about what this modified advice will do for Vaccine Confidence in general, and whether there will now be more pressure on global supplies of the pfizer and moderna vaccines if more countries also decide to offer alternatives to lower age groups. Naomi grimley, bbc news. Professor Andrew Pollard the director of the oxford vaccine group, which developed the jab says with countries across europe, South America and south asia still recording a high number of coronavirus cases now was not the time to waver. We just need to put our confidence in the hands of the system which i think has had a big boost by their ability to pick up an incredibly rare event through the Monitoring Thatis rare event through the monitoring that is going on. That really gives me confidence that we can continue with the programme, to make sure that as many of us are protectors, as soon as possible. Are protected. Scientists tracking coronavirus in england say the Vaccination Programme is beginning to break the link between covid i9 cases and deaths. The latest react study by Imperial College london, which involved analysing more than 140,000 peoples swab tests between the 11th and 30th of march, found infections had fallen by roughly two thirds since february. Lets talk now to professor adam finn. He sits on thejcvi thats the Joint Committee On Vaccination And Immunisation and was part of the decision to suggest giving people under 30 an Alternative Vaccine to the Astrazeneca Jab. Good to have you with us this morning, professor. How difficult a decision was that, and what were the principles behind the Decision Making . I principles behind the decision makin . , � ~ principles behind the decision makina . , � ~. , making . I dont think it was a terribly difficult making . I dont think it was a terribly difficult decision, making . I dont think it was a terribly difficult decision, in i making . I dont think it was a i terribly difficult decision, in the sense that we all reach the consensus, once we had seen the evidence. This was very much an evidence based decision. Some of the data represented yesterday Afternoon Byjonathan van tam. The main driver of the suggestion was the suggestion that not so much related to the vaccine side effects ego, which is as you have heard, very rare, but more related to the risk of covid which are much higher, as you get older stop once you get below the of 30, even if you get covid your chances of getting seriously ill and dying are much less than people above that age. Thats why it gets a little bit borderline, as to the individual Risk Benefit Balance down below the age of 30. And we felt that it would be important to be transparent with those data with the public to give them at that information and to reflect on our advice what we felt people would want to do, giving the information we had got. I5 want to do, giving the information we had got we had got. Is the jcvi confident that, we had got. Is the jcvi confident that. When we had got. Is the jcvi confident that, when it we had got. Is the jcvi confident that, when it comes we had got. Is the jcvi confident that, when it comes to we had got. Is the jcvi confident that, when it comes to the we had got. Is the jcvi confident| that, when it comes to the under 305 that, when it comes to the under 30s� torrent after the virus vaccines, there will be enough Alternative Vaccines to actually offer them it, within the timetable the government set out . It is offer them it, within the timetable the government set out . The government set out . It is not the government set out . It is not the responsibility the government set out . It is not the responsibility of the government set out . It is not the responsibility of jcvi the government set out . It is not the responsibility of jcvi to the government set out . It is not| the responsibility of jcvi to handle the responsibility ofjcvi to handle the responsibility ofjcvi to handle the logistics of supply. But i can say that we are in close touch both with the regulators and government so that we can make sure that our recommendations are consistent with what can be delivered, that they are not mad plans, if you like. So we were reassured that, if we were to issue this advice it wouldnt be impossible to deliver. What we have heard from ministers and other subsequently seems to reconfirm that, that their best expectations are that this will not disrupt the programme in a major way and in fact, may improve it, in the sense that it may increase peoples willingness to be immunised in that Younger Age Group who might otherwise hesitate. If Younger Age Group who might otherwise hesitate. If somebody is under 30, otherwise hesitate. If somebody is under 30. And otherwise hesitate. If somebody is under 30, and they otherwise hesitate. If somebody is under 30, and they have otherwise hesitate. If somebody is under 30, and they have already i otherwise hesitate. If somebody is l under 30, and they have already had an astrazeneca vaccine and the Health Secretary was suggesting this morning that was around 1. 6 Million People, young carers, people with Underlying Health conditions, if they have already had the astrazeneca vaccine for their first jab, should they, then, for the second, receive a different vaccine . We are very clear that they should receive the same vaccine, firstly because, so far, there is no suggestion of any problems after the second dose of the astrazeneca vaccine, and round about1 Million People have had a second dose, and secondly because just yet we dont have the necessary evidence to support using mixed schedules in terms of their ability to protect and in terms of any kind of side effects profiles. That information will come fairly soon so that, if we need to do that we may be able to go forward with it, but right now there is no reason to advise people to go for a different vaccine, and there are Different Reasons to advise them against it. If are Different Reasons to advise them auainst it. F are Different Reasons to advise them auainst it. J. ,. , are Different Reasons to advise them auainst it. J. ,. , against it. If theyve already had an astrazeneca against it. If theyve already had an Astrazeneca Jab, against it. If theyve already had an Astrazeneca Jab, they against it. If theyve already had an Astrazeneca Jab, they are against it. If theyve already had i an Astrazeneca Jab, they are under 30, and they have had no adverse reaction to that, then they shouldnt be concerned about having a second jab of the astrazeneca vaccine, that is what youre . Exactly. Vaccine, that is what youre . Exactl. ,. Exactly. How much has decisionmaking exactly. How much has decisionmaking here | exactly. How much has. Decisionmaking here in exactly. How much has decisionmaking here in the uk exactly. How much has decisionmaking here in the uk being Decision Making here in the uk being driven by the concerns raised by the eu regulator, the ema, the European Medicines Agency . What eu regulator, the ema, the European Medicines Agency . Medicines agency . What we heard esterda Medicines Agency . What we heard yesterday was Medicines Agency . What we heard yesterday was the Medicines Agency . What we heard yesterday was the ema Medicines Agency . What we heard yesterday was the ema and Medicines Agency . What we heard yesterday was the ema and the Medicines Agency . What we heard i yesterday was the ema and the nhra speaking with one voice, so they have certainly been spent sharing all the information in both directions. So they have really got the same dataset to base their conclusions on, so it is not surprising they have reached the same conclusions. So, yes, there is close crosstalk between the experience being had in other European Countries as well as in the uk, and that is why there is unanimity around this advice. Share unanimity around this advice. Are ou unanimity around this advice. Are you troubled by the fact that there is a lack of consensus across other European Countries at about the Astrazeneca Jab and what to do with that as we look towards this bigger goal of dealing with this, notjust within the uk, but right across the world . I within the uk, but right across the world . ,. ~ within the uk, but right across the world . ,. , ~. , , world . I do thank that is Different Countries technical world . I do thank that is Different Countries technical advisory countries technical advisory groups, the equivalent to thejcvi, they need to have a fairly steady hand on the tiller, if you like, because it is confusing to the public if you change direction too often and in a confusing way. I also think that every country needs to look at its own particular situation, the cases it has seen, the Vaccine Supplies it has got and so on. Another answer to your question is that there is a broader picture that goes well beyond europe. As has been said many times before, this is a global problem. We dont really solve the coronavirus pandemic if we think about it in one country at a time. This vaccine, the astrazeneca vaccine, is a vitally important tool for Global Control of the pandemic, because it is cheap and effective and it is available in very large quantities around the world, and that model has been very important for this vaccine as other solution to the global problem, so i think the message is that we put out in our baltic countries need to be thought about carefully, in the context of the global problem. Lets context of the global problem. Lets come back to context of the global problem. Lets come back to the context of the global problem. Lets come back to the Decision Making process to say that those under 30 should have an Alternative Jab to the astrazeneca vaccine. Did you and your considerations take into account any potential uncertainty or damage this decision might do to Vaccine Competence . Of somebody said to you, look, is your risk of getting a Blood Clot Irrespective of age higher at this point if you dont get Covid Vaccine and if you do, how would you reply to that . The first art do, how would you reply to that . The first part of do, how would you reply to that . Tue first part of the do, how would you reply to that . He first part of the question do, how would you reply to that . Tt2 first part of the question is around hesitancy. In my view, and that of other members of the committee, the way to continue to enjoy public trust and confidence that we have had in our decision so far as to be open and honest with the public. When we look at the data that we were presented with, it seemed to us that the correct thing to do was to make this alternative available for people under 30 because of the Risk Benefit Balance being a bit borderline in that group. And we think that honesty and transparency is the way to get Public Confidence and support. In terms of your question around the risks of blood clots, this is a really quite common complication of covid. That is the case for anybody who gets seriously sick with the disease and blood clots in general are really quite common. They increase with age in frequency, but there are other risk factors around, in effect, young people using the contraceptive pill, for example, quite an important risk factor is thrombosis. The Risk Benefit Balance when it comes to Blood Clotting is very clear. And thatis to Blood Clotting is very clear. And that is that you should receive immunisation against covid to reduce that risk. , ,. , immunisation against covid to reduce that risk. ,. , immunisation against covid to reduce that risk. ,. ,. , ~ that risk. Professor, good to talk to ou, that risk. Professor, good to talk to you. Thank that risk. Professor, good to talk to you, thank you that risk. Professor, good to talk to you, thank you very that risk. Professor, good to talk to you, thank you very much that risk. Professor, good to talk to you, thank you very much for| that risk. Professor, good to talk to you, thank you very much for your thoughts on all of those questions. Professor adam payne, a member of Thejoint Professor adam payne, a member of the joint Committee Professor adam payne, a member of thejoint committee on professor adam payne, a member of the joint committee on vaccinations and immunisations. Professor adam finn. We will be talking to the director of Thrombosis Uk later for more on that. Britains Foreign Secretary has condemned myanmar� sjunta, after its Military Attache here in london took over the countrys embassy, locking the ambassador 0ut. Kyaw zwar minn has spent the night in his car outside, saying hes been denied entry. He said he was told he was no longer his countrys representative. Myanmar� s military seized power in a coup on february 1st, triggering weeks of protests and escalating violence. In the last few minutes, a spokesman for the ambassador read a statement outside the embassy urging the uk to take a strong stand against myanmar� s Military Council. Due to his announcement in march that the Military Regime, he stopped following instructions from the Myanmar Foreign ministry. He has been dealing with many problems in our community because of the Current Situation in myanmar, and hopes to find a peaceful solution. Due to his stand the Myanmar Embassy in london has been seen by the Military Attache yesterday. There was a coup in myanmar, and now a similar situation in central london, same situation in central london, same situation in central london. It is disrespectful not only to the people of myanmar back to all of the society in the uk. Now the Myanmar Embassy was taken over since yesterday evening by the minister who has taken control of the embassy with the assistance of the Military Attache. Since yesterday evening, we have been waiting for the Uk Foreign Office to formally respond in this matter. We have also learned that they are threatening the ambassadors staff. We are seeing here, banishment. If they do not continue to work for the military junta. We have called on the government in the uk not to recognise the Military Council of myanmar and not follow the Military Councils request to install this man as the charge daffaires. And to stand against the Military Government for the people of myanmar. We believe the uk government would not back those who are working for the militaryjunta. We would like the uk government to send the military attach a, as, rightly in the past. 0ur reporter Charlotte Wright is outside the embassy of myanmar in london. A rather extraordinary situation developing overnight, with the ambassador now saying hes no longer the ambassador, having to spend the night in his car. What more can you tell us about how that develops and how that situation unfolded . Tt was how that situation unfolded . It was uuite an how that situation unfolded . It was quite an extraordinary how that situation unfolded . It was quite an extraordinary turn how that situation unfolded . It was quite an extraordinary turn of quite an extraordinary turn of events. When i turned up here this morning i knocked on the window of the car for the ambassador, the former ambassador we should say, kyaw zwar minn, and he confirmed that he had slept in his car overnight parked up on the pavement directly outside the embassy, and of course shortly after, it was confirmed that his position as ambassador was terminated. He was appointed in 2014 by aung san suu kyi, who he has publicly supported. He called for her release just last month. Of course he was arrested by the military in the coup on the 1st of february. He has been very critical of that coup. Today he didnt speak himself publicly to the media. He nominated a spokesperson, a community leader, he said, to deliver that statement that we just heard. And they are calling on the uk government to continue to reject the unlawful Military Regime in myanmar as they put it, asking the government to refuse to work with the new ambassador who has been nominated by the Military Council in myanmar. They say they have full faith in the uk government to do so. We are waiting to hear a response to their specific points from the Foreign Office, but we did hearfrom dominic raab, who tweeted, paying tribute to the former ambassador, saying, we condemn the Bullying Actions of the Myanmar Military regime and pay tribute to the ambassador for regime and pay tribute to the ambassadorfor his regime and pay tribute to the ambassador for his courage. Regime and pay tribute to the ambassadorfor his courage. In his tweet he said the uk calls for an end to the crew and appalling violence and a swift restoration of democracy. An end to the coup. The former ambassador left and drove off shortly after that statement. We will wait to see what the Foreign Office says in response that office says in response that statement delivered a few months ago just outside the embassy here. Thank ou, just outside the embassy here. Thank you. Charlotte just outside the embassy here. Thank you, Charlotte Wright, just outside the embassy here. Thank you, Charlotte Wright, outside just outside the embassy here. Thank you, Charlotte Wright, outside the Myanmar Embassy in london. The Northern Ireland assembly is being recalled from its easter recess today after another night of trouble in parts of belfast. More than 40 Police Officers have been injured as a result of violence over the last few days. This report from james reynolds. At night in belfast, petrol bombs were thrown back and forth over this peace wall. The peace line divides the loyalist Shankill Road from the republican Springfield Road area. Confrontations continued for more than an hour. Those making the most noise appear to be young. One in a Grey Tracksuit made sure to film the confrontation himself. Earlier in the Shankill Road area, a bus was hijacked and set alight. Some loyalists say theyre fed up of being treated as second class citizens. Theyre angry with official decisions they say favour sinn fein. The government says burning buses is not the answer. My thoughts are with the bus driver who was caught up in this incident. He is understandably very shaken, but thankfully he wasnt hurt, and thankfully there were no passengers on this particular bus. But the people who are behind this are attacking their own communities. It is achieving nothing and it needs to stop. It needs to stop now before somebody is seriously hurt or killed. Nearby, on the other side of the divide, there were confrontations with the police. I think this is deeply worrying. It comes off the back of a series of violent incidents across the city and across the north as a whole over the last week or so. I think it has to be condemned outright. Were encouraging all young people to stay at home and stay away from scenes like this its the last thing that this city needs at the minute. The chief constable, simon byrne, says. The Northern Ireland executive will now meet to discuss these past six nights of disturbances, and the assembly is cutting short its easter break to do the same. James reynolds, bbc news. 0ur correspondent chris page joins us from belfast. Lets talk about the violence last night focused around one of belfast� s so peace dates. Put that in context, and explain the significance of that, given the violence of the past few days. Yes. Violence of the past few days. Yes, the iece violence of the past few days. Yes, the piece lines violence of the past few days. Yes, the piece lines were violence of the past few days. Yes, the piece lines were walls violence of the past few days. T2 the piece lines were walls built across Northern Ireland in various parts of towns and cities during the troubles to keep rival communities apart, people on either side of the main political divide, if you like. It is quite often said that there are more piece lines now than there were at this time of the signing of the good friday agreement in 1998 which largely ended the long conflict. Last night is being treated with particular concern, because it is the first time in a long time, in a number of years, that there has been violence of that intensity at a peace line. This one intensity at a peace line. This one in particular was in west belfast celebrating the loyalist Shankill Road from Springfield Road, which is regarded as a mainly nationalist area. The violence started on the loyalist side when that bus was hijacked and set on fire. There was also trouble on the other side of the peace line and indeed, bricks, missiles, petrol bombs were thrown back and forth across the wall during the course of the night. So it does mark a change in the pattern of violence, if you like, over the past few days. Previously, the violence, the trouble, had been concentrated just in loyalist areas, but i think the fact that there has been trouble now at a peace line is going to be something that is deeply concerning for the police and indeed many politicians and, more than that, vast numbers of people across Northern Ireland, who do not want to see the scenes that were once commonplace here, being repeated now, in the year 2021. What commonplace here, being repeated now, in the year 2021. Now, in the year 2021. What other factors behind now, in the year 2021. What other factors behind the now, in the year 2021. What other factors behind the violence, now, in the year 2021. What other factors behind the violence, given j factors behind the violence, given that the Northern Ireland assembly has been recalled from easter recess . What can we expect from that meeting, given the tensions between the two biggest parties in ireland . If you look at the factors behind the violence, there are a number, really, our reasons and motivations at play. Firstly, police have in recent months spoken of their concern about unease in loyalist areas about brexit arrangements for Northern Ireland. They say that loyalist tend to see there is creating a new trade bordering the irish sea between Northern Ireland and the rest of the uk, something that undermines the loyalist� strong sense of british identity. Besides that there has been a big crackdown by police on loyalist paramilitary gangs, who run the drug trade for example, and it has thought i might be some backlash against that at some stage. And then last week, there was anger when the Public Prosecution service here that not to take action against a number of sinn fein politicians who attended the funeral of a former leading ira man, bobby storey, last summer, and there were allegations of breaches of Coronavirus Regulations when 2000 people lined the streets for that funeral. So there has been a melting pot of grievances you would say. This Morning Ministers in the devolved government will be having a briefing from police about the violence of the past week or so. Then the Stormont Assembly will come back together, recalled early from its easter break. As you say, there will be differing perspectives on the causes of the balance between the causes of the balance between the dup, who will point out that funeral controversy, and say that sinn fein were to blame for that. Sinn fein were to blame for that. Sinn fein, for example, have been pointing to the dup� s support for brexit, saying that underlies a lot of the trouble that we are now seen on the streets. People would expect a united call for the disruption and destruction. However there is a question as to exactly how much unity there will be amongst the parties at stormont. Unity there will be amongst the parties at stormont. Thank you very much for that. Parties at stormont. Thank you very much for that, chris parties at stormont. Thank you very much for that, chris page, parties at stormont. Thank you very much for that, chris page, our much for that, chris page, our ireland correspondent, in belfast. More now on our top story that ministers are continuing to reassure the public about the safety of the astrazeneca coronavirus vaccine. We can speak tojohn carr from the university of Cambridge Centre for risk and evidence. He specialises in how risk is presented in the media in a way that is informative and easily understood by people. Good to have you with us. A good time to talk about the presentation of so much information around vaccinations and relative risk. Iain duncan smith has been talking about perhaps too much information being out there. What is your view of how this has been handled so far . What is your view of how this has been handled so far . Broadly, people are bein been handled so far . Broadly, people are being bombarded been handled so far . Broadly, people are being bombarded with been handled so far . Broadly, people| are being bombarded with Information Thatis are being bombarded with information that is challenging from them to sort through and find the right information. It is a consequence of so much interest in covid generally that people are looking for that information, as well. It is difficult to communicate statistics around these things. 0ften difficult to communicate statistics around these things. Often the numbers are very large or small. But, by and large, the media is doing as good a job as we can hope given the Circumstances. Given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of things given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of things that given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of things that we given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of things that we avail given the Circumstances. There are all sorts of things that we avail of l all sorts of things that we avail of that have a certain risk. I� m thinking about flu vaccines, taking paracetamol or aspirin, or women using the contraceptive pill, and there are risks associated with all of those and yet those risks are not discussed, really, in the media, or spoken about more widely by the public. Should they be or are we over talking about the risks around this astrazeneca vaccine . Tt is over talking about the risks around this astrazeneca vaccine . This astrazeneca vaccine . It is a tricky question. This astrazeneca vaccine . It is a tricky question. There this astrazeneca vaccine . It is a tricky question. There are this astrazeneca vaccine . It is a tricky question. There are risksl tricky question. There are risks associated with everything. In this case, with the vaccine, this is a new medical intervention. People have concerns around it. And transparency in presenting this information is important to maintain confidence in the regulators and systems in place to track side effects. It is a very rare potential side effect. But ultimately discussing it now is the right thing to do rather than waiting until there are more cases. To do rather than waiting until there are more cases. Sorry, i know that ou there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have done there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have done a there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have done a lot there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have done a lot of there are more cases. Sorry, i know that you have done a lot of work that you have done a lot of work about what is the best way to communicate risk. You believe there is not in spoken numbers what you suggestjust is not in spoken numbers what you suggest just washes over is not in spoken numbers what you suggestjust washes over people, it is to present it visually. We have a number of graphs that you worked on and released at the centre looking at risk. Perhaps you would talk us through those. T at risk. Perhaps you would talk us through those. At risk. Perhaps you would talk us through those. I cannot take credit for those particular through those. I cannot take credit for those particular graphs through those. I cannot take credit for those particular graphs that for those particular graphs that have been done by my colleagues say, but they try to visually communicate the risk, notjust the risk, it is quite important, that this is placed in context alongside the benefits of being vaccinated. It really shows that question of balance that we have discussed a lot. Share that question of balance that we have discussed a lot. Are looking at the low risk have discussed a lot. Are looking at the low risk visuals. Have discussed a lot. Are looking at the low risk visuals. 100,000 have discussed a lot. Are looking at. The low risk visuals. 100,000 people with lower exposure risk. Talk us through that one, please. This you see on the left side the potential benefits and this has been framed in quite a narrow way. The number of people prevented from going into Intensive Care because of covid that the vaccine prevents and on the other side we have the risk of blood clots. These are very small numbers but to show the idea of balance that� s been communicated as the number of people out of 100,000, you really see the picture that as we go down in age groups, the oldest people at the bottom, the benefits really outweigh the risks and this sort of visual communication captures that idea, showing the relative risks and benefits at different age groups and it� s been a really important distinction in yesterday � s announcement, that Risk Benefit Balance is different with different age groups. That adds a bit of complexity to this research but communicating it visually helps people to see it in a more understandable way and understand the reasoning when they talk about balance. We the reasoning when they talk about balance. ~. , , balance. We clearly see the different balance. We clearly see the different risk balance. We clearly see the different risk factors balance. We clearly see the different risk factors as balance. We clearly see the different risk factors as we | balance. We clearly see the different risk factors as we move through the age groups. Let� s look at the visuals when we talk about people who have eight medium exposure risk, medium risk of exposure risk, medium risk of exposure to covid. Exposure risk, medium risk of exposure to covid. Yes. Thats part ofthe exposure to covid. Yes. Thats part of the complicated exposure to covid. Yes. Thats part of the complicated part exposure to covid. Yes. Thats part of the complicated part of exposure to covid. Yes. Thats part of the complicated part of the of the complicated part of the story, it doesn� t depend on your age but also your exposure risk. How many other cases there are in the area you are in, may be the kind of job you work in, you may be come into contact with more people. And so when we look at a more medium exposure risk, this is roughly comparable to where we were out in february, we see that actually the risks and benefits balance becomes much more weighted towards the benefits of the vaccine stop because you are more likely to catch covid in the situation, the benefits of the vaccine are greater in terms of preventing Intensive Care hospitalisations and the very small risks of blood clots from the vaccine don� t change. Risks of blood clots from the vaccine dont change. Risks of blood clots from the vaccine dont change. 0k, finally, lets look at vaccine dont change. 0k, finally, lets look at the vaccine dont change. 0k, finally, lets look at the visuals vaccine dont change. 0k, finally, lets look at the visuals for let� s look at the visuals for 100,000 people where you� ve got a high risk of exposure to the covid virus. ,. , virus. Yes. Ok, here the weight on one side of virus. Yes. Ok, here the weight on one side of the virus. Yes. Ok, here the weight on one side of the scale virus. Yes. Ok, here the weight on one side of the scale becomes virus. Yes. Ok, here the weight on i one side of the scale becomes much clearer, people with a higher risk environment, much more likely to be infected with covid 19, the benefits of the vaccine far outweigh these small potential risks that we� ve been talking about. figs small potential risks that weve been talking about. Small potential risks that weve been talking about. As you say those visuals really been talking about. As you say those visuals really make been talking about. As you say those visuals really make an been talking about. As you say those visuals really make an impact been talking about. As you say those visuals really make an impact more | visuals really make an impact more than Hearing Figures because if you hear a list of figures, it� s difficult to assimilate perhaps and remember all of the detail whereas the visuals really quickly encapsulate the message that you are trying to get across. So, your advice at this point in terms of the relative risks of anyone getting a vaccine, specifically the astrazeneca vaccine or any Covid Vaccine versus the risks of catching the virus, if we could finish the night. The virus, if we could finish the niuht. ,. , night. Yes, i would say the recommendations night. Yes, i would say the recommendations of night. Yes, i would say the recommendations of the i night. Yes, i would say the i recommendations of the Joint Committee On Vaccination And Immunisation focus specifically on younger people and the Risk Benefit Balance is more finely balanced, offering Alternative Vaccines is the solution there in terms of ensuring people are making an informed choice around what they are getting understand the risks and benefits. But obviously, i would recommend when they do get vaccinated, the vaccine works and will protect you against covid 19 symptoms, so certainly i would agree with the government line that getting vaccinated is the right choice. Tqm. Vaccinated is the right choice. 0k, doctor, vaccinated is the right choice. 0k, doctor. Thank vaccinated is the right choice. 0k, doctor, thank you vaccinated is the right choice. 0k, doctor, thank you so much for talking us through those graphs, produced by the team at the university of cambridge � s winton centre. Thank you again. Let� s stay with our top story, and we have your questions answered coming up soon. I can� t talk now to Doctor Beverly Hunt to try and understand the link between the vaccines. I can talk to. I suppose what is not known at this stage is if the link is causal, in other words, someone has the vaccine, the astrazeneca vaccine and as a result, they developed a blood clot. To as a result, they developed a blood clot. ,. ,. Clot. To prove causality in medicine ou have clot. To prove causality in medicine you have to clot. To prove causality in medicine you have to undergo clot. To prove causality in medicine you have to undergo a clot. To prove causality in medicine you have to undergo a number clot. To prove causality in medicine you have to undergo a number of. You have to undergo a number of tests and we really haven� t got there. But we have a time link and let me stay, these clots are incredibly rare. Incredibly rare clots that we have seen in the time after the vaccine with the astrazeneca vaccine. Most people get some side effects from vaccination, perhaps a headache and feel pretty dreadful, flu like, but they tend to settle and what we have seen is clots in unusual sites in humans occurring after the fourth day, any time between the fourth day and the 28th day after vaccination and the commonest being what we call is a certain type of thrombosis, a clot in the huge vein that runs down the head. And people have probably the worst headache they� ve ever had before and they may have some neurological signs, they maybe have some tingling in their fingers and toes, or have difficulties with speech. They need to access some form of health care help. Form of health care help. Those symptoms form of health care help. Those symptoms that form of health care help. Those symptoms that you form of health care help. Those symptoms that you are form of health care help. Those symptoms that you are talking l form of health care help. Those symptoms that you are talking about, those are what indicate that your reaction to the vaccine is a reaction to the vaccine is a reaction that is going beyond the normal . , reaction that is going beyond the normal . , � ,. ,. Normal . Exactly. But they are much later than you normal . Exactly. But they are much later than you would normal . Exactly. But they are much later than you would expect. Normal . Exactly. But they are much later than you would expect. As normal . Exactly. But they are much later than you would expect. As far| later than you would expect. As far as symptoms go. Just from having had the vaccine. That was a question quite a few people but to me yesterday when we talked about vaccines. 0bviously, concerned about hearing the news about the astrazeneca job, hearing the news about the astrazenecajob, if hearing the news about the astrazeneca job, if you were going to develop a clot how quickly would the symptoms appear . We have seen nothing until after the fourth day, fifth day, and then most people, if they if they are going to have this incredibly rare complication would have had it by three weeks after the vaccine and four weeks is the absolute limit that we have seen. 0k, absolute limit that we have seen. Ok, its absolute limit that we have seen. Ok, it� s very important emphasise although are talking about this, the rarity of this actually happening. Absolutely. And i want to reassure people we have an expert haematology panel, we put it together very quickly after we all started to notice these very unusual clots, we are reviewing cases every day because there is limited experience, we have really built up an understanding of these cases. Possibly what� s causing it. Most importantly, we are developing treatment and the treatment we are using is very unusual for a clot. And all of this guidance is available on the British Society for haematology website. And we will continue to update it so we offer the best care possible. What continue to update it so we offer the best care possible. Continue to update it so we offer the best care possible. What can you sa about the best care possible. What can you say about the the best care possible. What can you say about the apparent the best care possible. What can you say about the apparent prevalence i the best care possible. What can you j say about the apparent prevalence of where there have been cases developing this rare blood clot, skewed towards Younger Age Groups, skewed towards Younger Age Groups, skewed towards Younger Age Groups, skewed towards women and obviously something that� s been thrown into the discussion is could there be a link to women using contraceptives, taking the pill . Taking the pill . Firstly i have to sa we taking the pill . Firstly i have to say we provide taking the pill . Firstly i have to say we provide the taking the pill . Firstly i have to say we provide the data taking the pill . Firstly i have to say we provide the data to taking the pill . Firstly i have to say we provide the data to the l say we provide the data to the regulator, i do not know the rate of vaccination so to me, it appears that we are having a reflection of who is being vaccinated at the moment. And we have seen equal number of cases in men and women and we haven� t seen any association whatsoever with women on the pill. 0k, good to get your thoughts today, professor beverly hunt. Thank you for your time. And we state with the question of vaccines. It� s time for your questions answered. You� ve been getting in touch with questions and concerns about blood clots and the Oxford Astrazeneca vaccine. With me is andrew preston, reader in microbial pathogenesis, university of bath. And i� m joined by david matthews, reader in virology, university of bristol. Welcome to both of you and thank you forjoining us. The first question is from one of our viewers, a 28 year old male with diabetes, who had his first dose of astrazeneca vaccine in february with the second dose booked in may. He wants to know if he will have a choice of a different vaccine or will the second dose be astrazeneca . Different vaccine or will the second dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could ou start. Dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could you start given dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could you start. Given that dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could you start. Given that you dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could you start. Given that you had dose be astrazeneca . Andrew, could you start. Given that you had the you start. Given that you had the first dose with the astrazeneca vaccine i suspect your second dose will also be that. Trials in terms of gauging the effect of mixing vaccines are under way. But i don� t think the data is out on that yet and again, we would perceive the risk from blood clots to really be associated with the first dose, if this is indeed an Immune Response to the vaccine, it is very likely to occur on the primary dose rather than differing response to the second dose so we consider the risk to be pretty low from the second dose. If you had your dose and not suffer this adverse event, we think the risk from the second dose is less. ,. , less. David, lewis in kettering has not in less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with us less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with us and less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with us and says less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with us and says i less. David, lewis in kettering has got in touch with us and says i likej got in touch with us and says i like many of those under 30 who works in health care have had a dose of the Astrazeneca Jab but i� m confused how the government and scientists are asking us to get the second dose but discouraging our peers from getting it. Isn� t this limited protection from the one shot better than the risk of clots with the second . How does the Risk Benefit Calculation stack up the second jab, developing on the Press Question that andrew answered. T on the Press Question that andrew answered. ,. ,. ,. ,. ,. , answered. I would echo a lot on what andrew said. Answered. I would echo a lot on what andrew said, getting answered. I would echo a lot on what andrew said, getting the answered. I would echo a lot on what andrew said, getting the Second Andrew said, getting the second dose, andrew said, getting the second dose. The andrew said, getting the second dose, the Risk Benefits are clearly in favour dose, the Risk Benefits are clearly in favour of dose, the Risk Benefits are clearly in favour of that is has been stated in favour of that is has been stated. Most of these very rare events stated. Most of these very rare events when they occur have been associated events when they occur have been associated with the first dose so if you have associated with the first dose so if you have already had the jab you should you have already had the jab you should definitely get the second because should definitely get the second because it will help to boost your response because it will help to boost your response to the vaccine and therefore give you better protection against therefore give you better protection against the infection which has a very. Against the infection which has a very. Very against the infection which has a very, very real possibility of being fatal~ very, very real possibility of being fatal~ so very, very real possibility of being fatal. So yes, the risk of not getting fatal. So yes, the risk of not getting the second jab are considerable. | getting the second Ab Are Considerableh Getting The Second ab are considerable. , considerable. I read in What Lewis Sa S he considerable. I read in what lewis says he says considerable. I read in what lewis says he says he considerable. I read in what lewis says he says he is considerable. I read in what lewis says he says he is confused considerable. I read in what lewis says he says he is confused aboutj says he says he is confused about why there are different pieces of advice but i guess advice evolves, that was something that the jcb i said, i that was something that thejcb i said, i remember back at the first news conference, talking about the roll out of the vaccine programme, they would be monitoring the results of the Vaccination Programme and adjusting advice accordingly. Jcvi. Adjusting advice accordingly. Jcvi. ,. ,. , adjusting advice accordingly. Jcvi. ,. , , jcvi. For any of the vaccines using a. Ainst jcvi. For any of the vaccines using against the jcvi. For any of the vaccines using against the sparrows, jcvi. For any of the vaccines using against the sparrows, any jcvi. For any of the vaccines using against the sparrows, any vaccine | jcvi. For any of the vaccines using i against the sparrows, any vaccine we have used against the sparrows, any vaccine we have used against anything, really, you need have used against anything, really, you need to give it to more than a million you need to give it to more than a Million People before you start to see problems. It might be the case of one see problems. It might be the case of one in see problems. It might be the case of one in a see problems. It might be the case of one in a billion, that we will see eventually. This is an evolving situation see eventually. This is an evolving situation i see eventually. This is an evolving situation. I think we should emphasise the system is working, these emphasise the system is working, these extremely rare events have finally these extremely rare events have finally started to reach a level where finally started to reach a level where it finally started to reach a level where it is worth investigating more deeply where it is worth investigating more deeply because of the numbers involved deeply because of the numbers involved and the very careful monitoring when you get vaccines and ive monitoring when you get vaccines and give them monitoring when you get vaccines and give them to large numbers of people give them to large numbers of eole. � ,. ,. , people. Andrew, this is from a viewer in people. Andrew, this is from a viewer in cambridge people. Andrew, this is from a viewer in cambridge who i people. Andrew, this is from a viewer in cambridge who asks| people. Andrew, this is from a i viewer in cambridge who asks how long after a vaccine can the rare blood clot developed, it� s been three weeks since myjab, am i in the clear . We three weeks since my ab, am i in the clear . Three weeks since my ab, am i in the deer . Three weeks since my ab, am i in the clear . ~. ,. , the clear . We were hearing on the setment the clear . We were hearing on the segment before the clear . We were hearing on the segment before this the clear . We were hearing on the segment before this at the clear . We were hearing on the segment before this at the the clear . We were hearing on the. Segment before this at the moment the clear . We were hearing on the i segment before this at the moment we see no evidence of these clots occurring after 28 days, excuse me. So, certainly, they tend to occur after we would expect the initial generic side effects of the vaccine, the aching and general flu like symptoms, it happens for five days after vaccination, symptoms, it happens for five days aftervaccination, up symptoms, it happens for five days after vaccination, up to a period of thing 28 days is the latest we have seen it. 21 days, you have a very, very low risk of getting it anyway, 21 days you would probably start to be within the clear. 0k. 21 days you would probably start to be within the clear. Be within the clear. Ok. I hope you heard that be within the clear. Ok. I hope you heard that answer. Be within the clear. Ok. I hope you heard that answer. And be within the clear. Ok. I hope you heard that answer. And indeed i heard that answer. And indeed interview before which dealt with the same point. Next question from an anonymous viewer, is the second dose of the astrazeneca vaccine exactly the same as the first, is it less as it is a booster dose . David, your response . This is someone who obviously had the first dose by the sounds of things and is perhaps nervous . T sounds of things and is perhaps nervous . ,. ,. , nervous . I understand the second dose is the nervous . I understand the second dose is the same, nervous . I understand the second dose is the same, i nervous . I understand the second dose is the same, i believe. I nervous . I understand the second dose is the same, i believe. The l dose is the same, i believe. The second dose is the same, i believe. The second dose is very important because second dose is very important because some people, their Immune System because some people, their Immune System does not react the first time round system does not react the first time round and system does not react the first time round and so with the second dose it covers round and so with the second dose it covers those round and so with the second dose it covers those Circumstances. And also, covers those Circumstances. And also, people who do react the first time round, also, people who do react the first time round, you get a slightly better time round, you get a slightly better Antibody Response against the virus, better Antibody Response against the virus. That better Antibody Response against the virus, that we are trying to protect you against virus, that we are trying to protect you against. I would definitely go for the you against. I would definitely go for the second dose, and. find you against. I would definitely go for the second dose, and. And yes, thats what for the second dose, and. And yes, thats what we for the second dose, and. And yes, thats what we are for the second dose, and. And yes, thats what we are hearing for the second dose, and. And yes, thats what we are hearing from i that� s what we are hearing from scientists today, don� t be put off from having the second booster dose. Georgina, this one for you andrew. Those who say the benefits outweigh the risks are those who have not died, i have cases of Deep Vein Thrombosis in my family so why shouldn� t i be offered an alternative . I� m only 37, i� d rather not have to choose between being vaccinated in finding out the Deep Vein Thrombosis gene will be triggered by this jab. Georgina i guess is wondering whether she will be offered, because she� s over 30, whether she will be offered astrazeneca or whether there will be any choice for her . Any choice for her . Sure. Again, theres going any choice for her . Sure. Again, theres going to any choice for her . Sure. Again, theres going to be any choice for her . Sure. Again, theres going to be a any choice for her . Sure. Again, theres going to be a large i any choice for her . Sure. Again, i theres going to be a large number there� s going to be a large number of people with very individual sets of people with very individual sets of Circumstances and i would advise them to discuss it with their gp to see what the current advices. These Thrombosis Events can be triggered by a number of different causes, there is nothing at the moment to suggest the Genetic Predisposition such as the case in the so called Deep Vein Thrombosis gene we predispose you to the risks from the vaccine and we think actually the clots that have triggered in these very rare cases by the vaccine is actually an Immune Response that triggers some sort of recognition of the Platelet Factors in the blood so that� s probably very different from the underlying causes of the clots in those with a Genetic Predisposition to Deep Vein Thrombosis so there nothing to suggest that those people would be at any increased risk of blood clots from the vaccines. Let at any increased risk of blood clots from the vaccines. From the vaccines. Let me put this another way from the vaccines. Let me put this another way for from the vaccines. Let me put this another way for georgina, from the vaccines. Let me put this another way for georgina, if i from the vaccines. Let me put this another way for georgina, if she i another way for georgina, if she didn� t get a job and heaven forbid she caught covid, could that cause a blood clot because of the Family History of Deep Vein Thrombosis . Again, that� s very possible. I think hopefully we are getting to the situation where rather than people having to choose between being vaccinated or not, it could be certainly as we get more vaccines coming online, we will be able to offer those that are maybe in the grey area where there is some history of Clotting Irregularities within their family, history of Clotting Irregularities within theirfamily, maybe history of Clotting Irregularities within their family, maybe we could prioritise those people to have one of the Alternative Vaccines for which there is currently no signal of blood clots associated with them. Hopefully georgina that helps with your question. David, this is from dan who says if you� ve already had coronavirus and recover what is the benefit of having a vaccine . Because we dont know benefit of having a vaccine . Because we dont know how benefit of having a vaccine . Because we dont know how long benefit of having a vaccine . Because we dont know how long your benefit of having a vaccine . Because i we dont know how long your immunity lasts if we dont know how long your immunity lasts if you we dont know how long your immunity lasts if you had covid. 0ne we dont know how long your immunity lasts if you had covid. One of the things lasts if you had covid. One of the things thats interesting about all viruses things thats interesting about all viruses is things thats interesting about all viruses is when they infect you they are also viruses is when they infect you they are also trying to mess with your immune are also trying to mess with your Immune Response and also potentially that will Immune Response and also potentially that will inhibit your Immune System s ability that will inhibit your Immune System s ability to that will inhibit your Immune System s ability to remember the infection over time s ability to remember the infection over time but when you get vaccinated none of those factors are a play vaccinated none of those factors are a play so vaccinated none of those factors are a play so we vaccinated none of those factors are a play so we would be helpful a vaccine a play so we would be helpful a vaccine would offer you proper protection. Even if that isnt actually protection. Even if that isnt actually technically the case, certainly actually technically the case, certainly you get the vaccine after youve certainly you get the vaccine after youve caught covid, the vaccine will boost youve caught covid, the vaccine will boost your antibodies and give your Immune System a boost and a reminder your Immune System a boost and a reminderof your Immune System a boost and a reminder of the infection and prolong reminder of the infection and prolong your immunity to this very dangerous prolong your immunity to this very dangerous virus. Gk. Prolong your immunity to this very dangerous virus. Dangerous virus. 0k. All are asks, under, dangerous virus. 0k. All are asks, under. With dangerous virus. Ok. All are asks, under, with painkillers dangerous virus. 0k. All are asks, under, with painkillers in dangerous virus. 0k. All are asks, under, with painkillers in cases i under, with painkillers in cases such as mine help to reduce the risk of blood clot . I had a terrible headache for 36 hours and endure the pain because i understood it was part of the process of immunity and i looked online to see whether to take a painkiller and advice was divided. I couldn� t sleep because of the pain, then i took a paracetamol and then i returned to work. I am a female, 51, and i wonder at the headache was to do with blood supply and i was lucky to avoid a clot. What would you say to paula . Slightly presumptuous, i think that link is purposely using aspirin, which is used as a prevention against some blood disorders. Paracetamol has a completely different mechanism of action, i had a dose of the astrazeneca vaccine and i must admit i felt under the weather to say the least, i take paracetamol, it masked most of the events and i don� t understand why someone would say don� t take a painkiller in this case. It� s certainly, i� ve been saying to my friends and family, take it, to get you through and again, it sounds as if her symptoms were simply the generic, Innate Immunity reaction to the virus that occurred within the first few days, subsided as we would expect them to do so so i don� t think they are associated with any type of Clotting Effect at all. Paula, i hope that helps. David, this from anna in manchester who says i� m 31, i was going to get the vaccine when offered but now i� m not sure. What� s the difference in risk of someone as 29 and will get a different vaccine and i� m 31 and may get astrazeneca . Are there any long term risks in younger people in terms of developing clotting later in life . It� s all quite worrying, mss and people in this age group are asking these sorts of questions, aren� t they . Asking these sorts of questions, arent they . Arent they . Indeed. But i think definitely. Arent they . Indeed. But i think definitely, speak arent they . Indeed. But i think definitely, speak and arent they . Indeed. But i think definitely, speak and stick arent they . Indeed. But i think definitely, speak and stick to i arent they . Indeed. But i think. Definitely, speak and stick to the advice definitely, speak and stick to the advice from the jcvi, theyve lifted this in advice from the jcvi, theyve lifted this in reat advice from the jcvi, theyve lifted this in real depth and detail, don some this in real depth and detail, don some careful calculations the Wrist Benefits some careful calculations the Wrist Benefits and they have chosen a point benefits and they have chosen a point and benefits and they have chosen a point and age at which they think thats point and age at which they think thats a point and age at which they think thats a reasonable balance of risk. It thats a reasonable balance of risk. It may thats a reasonable balance of risk. It may seem fairly arbitrary but this would be very carefully worked out. This would be very carefully worked out at this would be very carefully worked out at the this would be very carefully worked out. At the end of the day, its a hard out. At the end of the day, its a hard choice. Out. At the end of the day, its a hard choice, this is a very, very rare hard choice, this is a very, very rare event hard choice, this is a very, very rare event. Its been pointed out its much rare event. Its been pointed out its much more dangerous to go on a lon its much more dangerous to go on a long car its much more dangerous to go on a long carjourney, for example, that the risk long carjourney, for example, that the risk that long carjourney, for example, that the risk that we are talking about, the risk that we are talking about, the evidence that seems to be coming up. The evidence that seems to be coming up so the evidence that seems to be coming up so i the evidence that seems to be coming up. So i think peoples worries, i understand up. So i think peoples worries, i understand they are concerned but they do understand they are concerned but they do need to be put in context. People they do need to be put in context. People with think nothing of going on a long carjourney, they wouldn� t even get the idea that might be a risk that was in risk taking. Definitely and i think the thing is, and this definitely and i think the thing is, and this would be pointed out to people and this would be pointed out to people before, any medical procedure, any drug, anything you do, procedure, any drug, anything you do. There procedure, any drug, anything you do. There is procedure, any drug, anything you do, there is a risk with it, you cant do, there is a risk with it, you cant give do, there is a risk with it, you cant give aspirin to your children, there cant give aspirin to your children, there are cant give aspirin to your children, there are risks associated with everything you take, its per million. Everything you take, its per million, per10 million, whatever. Its million, per10 million, whatever. Its like million, per10 million, whatever. Its like driving a car. I think the question its like driving a car. I think the question is its like driving a car. I think the question is why it was the number 30 years question is why it was the number 30 years old. Question is why it was the number 30 years old, picked, but it was after detailed years old, picked, but it was after detailed analysis. | years old, picked, but it was after detailed analysis. Years old, picked, but it was after detailed analysis. I think weve got time for one detailed analysis. I think weve got time for one more detailed analysis. I think weve got time for one more question. I detailed analysis. I think weve got time for one more question. This | detailed analysis. I think weve got| time for one more question. This is a similar question, and karen asks what the risk if you suffer from blood clots and Varicose Veins and alan want to know if having Varicose Veins is connected to clots developing, andrew, could you answer this . ,. ,. , developing, andrew, could you answer this . ,. ,. , this . Sure. To be honest, the bottom line is i this . Sure. To be honest, the bottom line is i dont this . Sure. To be honest, the bottom line is i dont think this . Sure. To be honest, the bottom line is i dont think theres this . Sure. To be honest, the bottom line is i dont think theres any i line is i don� t think there� s any clear indication whether we know because of the risks from pre existing conditions associated with blood clots, i haven� t seen anything, there is nothing within the medical records that� s been announced from those people that house suffered the vaccine triggered Blood Clotting. Again, we think it� s a very rare and unusual mechanism which is probably quite distinct from those for people who have a history of Blood Clotting disorders will suffer from so Varicose Veins, very different situation, that� s where the valves in the veins that normally stop the blood from flowing backwards, they cease to function quite so well so you get back flow within your leg, it� s nothing to do within your leg, it� s nothing to do with clotting, it� s utterly different. With clotting, its utterly different. With clotting, its utterly different. ,. ,. With clotting, its utterly different. ,. , different. 0k. Thank you so much for answerint different. 0k. Thank you so much for answering that different. 0k. Thank you so much for answering that huge different. 0k. Thank you so much for answering that huge range different. Ok. Thank you so much for answering that huge range of answering that huge range of questions. Doctor andrew and doctor david, and viewers, thank you is always for sending in your questions and we hope that managed to solve some of the concerns you have. A survey suggests a shortage of drugs caused by the pandemic meant some patients receiving End Of Life Care in their own homes suffered unnecessary pain. Official figures show the number of people dying at home rose by 42 per cent in the year to march. There was also evidence that many hospices found themselves short of medicines, ppe and staff. Matthew reed is the Chief Executive of the end of life Charity Marie curie thank you so much for talking to us today. We are talking here not so much about Covid Patients but patients who clearly were terminally ill and wanted to be at home so they could at least see their families in theirfinal could at least see their families in their final days. Their final days. Thats right and as ou their final days. Thats right and as you said. Their final days. Thats right and as you said, there their final days. Thats right and as you said, there is their final days. Thats right and as you said, there is a their final days. Thats right and | as you said, there is a significant increase in the number of people dying at home during the last calendar year from covid and all other conditions, and the research produced today shows that nearly three quarters of people who cared for those people, said they didn� t feel they had the support they neededin feel they had the support they needed in order to care for their loved ones appropriately. There� s all sorts of reasons for that over the last 12 months. We think there was a priority given to making sure good palliative and End Of Life Care was available for people dying at home. It was difficult, as you said getting hold of painkilling drugs and we� ve some terrible stories of people going from pharmacy to pharmacy to try and secure the drugs they needed so their loved ones could die with least pain as possible. This is the first in a series of reports from marie curie as part of our drive to make sure every Single Person in the United Kingdom has the very best End Of Life Care they can experience. Endoflife care they can experience. Endoflife care they can exerience. ,. ,. , experience. You depict a really tratic experience. You depict a really tragic and experience. You depict a really tragic and horrendous experience. You depict a reallyj tragic and horrendous situation experience. You depict a really i tragic and horrendous situation with relatives having to go around multiple pharmacies trying to find some medicine to help their loved ones in theirfinal days some medicine to help their loved ones in their final days and i believe you surveyed 995 unpaid carers and the Main Findings were people struggled to get all the pain relief they needed, they also couldn� t get the Relief Nursing especially at the beginning of the pandemic, difficult to get nurses to come into their homes. 0bviously, come into their homes. Obviously, the situation with regards to the pandemic is improving, we are seeing now the Vaccination Programme is having an impact on deaths from coronavirus which is wonderful news. But what are the lessons that you want to take forward from this if people continue to be in the situation where their loved ones are choosing to spend their final days at home and need to access care or pain relief . Pain relief . Yes, we cant change the hast, pain relief . Yes, we cant change the past. Sadly. Pain relief . Yes, we cant change the past, sadly, and pain relief . Yes, we cant change the past, sadly, and so pain relief . Yes, we cant change the past, sadly, and so many pain relief . Yes, we cant change i the past, sadly, and so many people will be living with pain, knowing they were trying to do all they could for their loved ones, trying to get the right drugs, End Of Life Care but we think it� s essential that everyone should have a front line medical service but the lessons of the future are very much that although covid deaths are now decreasing, thankfully, the number of people dying is actually going to stay high because of the ageing population over the next few years. The number of people dying at home is going to be of a similar level that we have seen over the last year. The lessons we need to make sure that care is right for people in the future, our loved ones, people we know and care for is available for them when they needed and that means is prioritising end of life and Palliative Care services in the home but also making sure we properly resourced that elephant in the room, there is enough resources to make sure that care is available for people when they needed and i guess we are laying out as part of our series, a vision for how the uk can be and that will resonate with many people listening today. As a society, every Single Person should have the End Of Life Care that they need. And that� s coming out of the last 12 months. Matthew, thank you so much for talking to us about your research. The time is 9 57am. Now it� s time for a look at the weather with carol. Hello again. Today is much milder. We� ve got a westerly wind today but later it� s going to veer to more of a northerly across the north of scotland and that will herald a change as things turned colder again. Today we also have a lot of cloud, rain and blustery winds, the strongest across the north west. You see the mild conditions represented by the yellows but watch how the blues in the next few days start to sweep all the way across the uk as we see a return to the northerly wind. What we have at the moment is a lot of cloud around, some brighter breaks, some showers in the south west getting into the south east through the day and the heaviest rain in the north slipping south. You see some of that rain getting into Northern Ireland and north west england. The circles represent the strength of the wind gusts, it is a windy day, the strongest across the far north and you will note the temperatures, eight in stornoway, cold air starts to feed in behind this Weather Front but for most, back into double figures. It� s not going to last, a Weather Front sinking south through the evening and overnight with its narrow band of rain and a lot of cloud so it won� t be as cold in the south but in the north, it will be cold, we will see wintry showers and with strong winds even blizzards in the mountains of scotland. The chance of Frost Notjust in scotland but Northern England and also Northern Ireland. Here� s where we see the sunshine first thing. The sunshine will follow this Weather Front southwards, in the south we have cloud and patchy rain, again wintry showers coming in and some of those in the north will be down to lower levels in the heavier bursts. Temperatures three in stornoway, seven in birmingham but hanging on to the milder conditions in the far south of england. Here� s our Weather Front on friday, look what happens on saturday, another one coming up from the south east. And the northerly extent of that is still giving us a bit of a headache. This is what we think, through the midlands, heading towards east wales but it may not, it may stay further south, tucked into the southeastern corner. 0n the other side of it we are looking at a lot of dry weather, some sunshine, but some showers and some of those will be snow showers and the heavier bursts we could even see that at lower levels. 0vernight saturday into sunday, we could see some wintriness across parts of southern england, the jury is still out on that but it will pull away during the course of sunday and sunday and monday, the temperatures are back down. This is bbc news these are the latest headlines in the uk and around the world. Reassuring the public that the astrazeneca vaccine is safe uk Government Ministers urge people to come forward to get theirjabs after a potential link to extremely rare blood clots, leading to the offer of an Alternative Vaccine for the under 30s. We have more than enough of the pfizer and moderna vaccines to be able to offer all those who are under 30 one of those two vaccines. As the eu� s Medicines Regulator says blood clots should be listed as a � rare side effect� to the Astrazeneca Jab, european ministers are yet to agree common guidance over its use. Scientists say the Vaccination Rollout in the uk