Now on bbc news its time for click. 999, this is a claimant emergency. In this week we have greener, cleaner buildings, robot vote exhaust sniffers, and artificial trees. I wanted to share with you a fact that i havent fully understood until im met climate scientist ed hawkins last year. Now, id known that our weather was getting worse and our sea levels were rising, and id known that Global Warming was happening because we were omitting Carbon Dioxide and methane into the airata Carbon Dioxide and methane into the air at a runaway rate, but what they hadnt fully understood is this. Simply reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions will not bring Global Warming under control. For every ton of c02 that we put into the atmosphere the temperature goes up a little bit more. In order to stop Global Warming we need to do something very drastic indeed. Global warming we need to do something very drastic indeedm Global Warming we need to do something very drastic indeed. If we end up in a world where our emissions are net zero, where not increasing the amount of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere anymore, then that will stabilise Global Temperatures at the point at which we do that. To reduce Global Temperatures we would need to somehow remove Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere. Now, there are already ways of capturing c02 at source, on its way out of power stations, for example. But this doesnt get it all by any means. What you need is something to pull c02 back out of the air. What you need is Something Like this. Its called the artificial tree. The air passes through these filters, which are made of a very special material because the c02 actually clings to this material as the air passes over it. Once these filters are saturated with Carbon Dioxide this whole thing moves down into a container of water where this particular material releases the c02 into the steel container and then congratulations you have captured yourself some c02 from the air. This is the brainchild of clouse lackner at the aptly named negative emissions centre. We realised it was a waste emissions problem. We are dumping c02 into the atmosphere and are just stays there. So is very clear to me in the early 90s that sometime in the 2ist ce ntu ry 90s that sometime in the 2ist century we will have to stop emitting. He was the first scientist backin emitting. He was the first scientist back in 1999 to publish a scientific paper suggesting Carbon Capture from the air was paper suggesting Carbon Capture from the airwasa paper suggesting Carbon Capture from the air was a feasible way of combating Climate Change. The problem was no one seems to be listening. If you look at the Climate Change problem, in the 90s we had models which told us it was happening, but you couldnt really set out in the real world, except with a microscope. In the 2000 s you could measure it. It was happening. In the teens, now, you can see it happen, even as a non expert. Climate has changed. In the next decade, as it grows out of the noise, it becomes loud and clear and it starts to hurt. And once it heard people say what will we do about it . Klaus argues that since we are failing to meet our targets carbon ca ptu re failing to meet our targets Carbon Capture from the air is now unavoidable. And now people are listening. As technology has recently received commercial investment. We have put so much c02 in the airthat investment. We have put so much c02 in the air that we actually have to come back. So we call ourselves negative Carbon Emissions because we are thinking about having a period in this century in which we will have to take 100 ppm back. Now, that is more c02 than the world emitted in the 20th century. How many of these do you think we will need . loss. Now, these are very small. Go to the size of a shipping container, if you wanted to actually measure emissions you would need 100 million of them. These are bigger than that. But 100 million sounds like a horribly large number until you start deconstructing it. We build 80 million cars. Shanghai harbour is sending out about 30 million full shipping containers every year. So why would argue that as far as industrial scale goes, this is large, but not outrageously large. So who would you suggest pays for these in the future . Ultimately its pa rt these in the future . Ultimately its part of the energy consumption, so the consumer, and some form or another. And as people around the world started to reach the conclusion that Carbon Capture is needed, a start up scene is beginning to grow. With differing approaches. Because c02 is everywhere it doesnt really matter where you put your devices. And in iceland cant fix has something very useful, green geothermal power. Using this they claim to be able to ca ptu re way using this they claim to be able to capture way more carbon than klauss artificial trees. And once you have ca ptu red artificial trees. And once you have captured the carbon the next problem is what you going to do with it . There are so many r d projects under way trying to make use of the c02, so way trying to make use of the c02, so its not just way trying to make use of the c02, so its notjust rubbish, but we can actually make something valuable from it. We can use the c02 to create drinks, beers, soda, whatever. We can also use c02 create drinks, beers, soda, whatever. We can also use co2 for fuel production. There are also currently studies ongoing to see if we can somehow currently studies ongoing to see if we can somehow use currently studies ongoing to see if we can somehow use the c02 as a building material. Yet in the future we may be able to lock c02 into concrete. Although the amount of rock with create has been ice estimated to cover a landmass the size of egypt. And, in fact, to do this any other way also requires a scale that is pretty unimaginable. You could say we could do it with trees and real forests, you could say we could do it with trees and realforests, and you could say we could do it with trees and real forests, and you you could say we could do it with trees and realforests, and you can calculate if you wanted to do the same 100 million of these units in forests or any agriculture, any photosynthetic substance, you suddenly realise that the land area 01 suddenly realise that the land area or the area you need is larger than current agriculture. Pastoral lands, fields, everything added, we would need more than that. Welcome to the week in tech. It was the week where a city in florida paid more than £a00,000 in bitcoin to get its data back from ransomware hackers who locked up their computers with malware. Engineers at toyota built a world record breaking possible throwing droid. Q3 managed 2020 executive successful shots. Former uk deputy Prime Minister sir nick clegg says there is absolutely no evidence roster influenced the brexit results using facebook. Nick clegg is now a Vice President at facebook. And up to 20 Million Manufacturing jobs could be at risk by2030 manufacturing jobs could be at risk by 2030 as a result of robots replacing human workers. So says the analysis outfit 0xford analytica. The Study Reveals that on average each new industrial robots eliminates 1. 6 each new industrial robots eliminates1. 6 human each new industrial robots eliminates 1. 6 human manufacturing jobs. A new electric car has been announced that boost its range to 450 announced that boost its range to a50 miles, with the help of solar panels on its bonnets, roof, and boot. Called the like tier one, its price is expected to be a whopping £135,000. No word yet on when a Production Model as expected. And, finally, rasputin may have played a pa rt finally, rasputin may have played a part in the fall of the house of robyn love, but who knew he could build out a tune like beyonce . Roman. Defects can now be generated using just one image of a subject before the ai algorithm goes to work. This is quite a scene. The dancers here are being choreographed by Artificial Intelligence, which has learned from moves created by a leading choreographer and is quite something. Wayne mcgregor has been running his Dance Company for 25 yea rs, running his Dance Company for 25 years, so running his Dance Company for 25 years, so has an archive perfect for thejob. Years, so has an archive perfect for the job. Wayne is years, so has an archive perfect for thejob. Wayne is actually years, so has an archive perfect for the job. Wayne is actually here today but he seems to be focusing on the moves rather than designing a whole dance. A computer algorithm is analysing hundreds of hours of his dance creations, sparking new personalised routines ready for a show in la next month stop so how does he feel seeing what the technology musters up . You said on the and its surprising and its something youve not seen before. You cant quite work out how your body can do that and then the dancers in the room have to translate it, they find they have to look at it and find a way of it themselves embodying the physicality. The imagery used could improve over time, but there is also a reason for the imperfections. This has been the creation of the man behind google cardboard, who greatly values technology as a tool to enhance, not reduce, creativity. Of course the dancer, the choreographer is the artist and the ai is there to stimulate creativity and not replace it. We display some stick figure just to display the whole output of the algorithm, but we are also making a rendering which is something in between obstruction and the skeleton. And if it was too perfect and it would look like a video and it would be less stimulating for the dancer to be inspired. And as well as the idea of immortalised in talent and teaching, there seems to be some other added value. What its doing is supplementing, enhancing, dealing with data in a way that we couldnt deal with it, offering us opportunities that we would never be able to see. So in a way it becomes like an 11th dancer in the studio with you, its kind of a creative partner rather than one who is replacing your kind of creative gifts, if you like. The other thing is, is really important, it is about the dialogue between machine and body, between the thinking body and the thinking machine. So was not ever that we set the system going and learn the choreography, that is not interesting to. These dancers make every move looks so graceful, so make every move looks so graceful, so its hard to imagine a bad outcome being created here. But how do they feel about being taught by aia . Usually you have wayne come in and he gives us Creative Things himself, it could be anything, it could be a problem, it could be audio inspiration from a track, but to have these really intelligence quick systems that generate movement that then we have to learn from, and ai system, is very different poem. A demonstration just take something from it. We dont spend too long analysing. Its really fighting each other. Its whatever you see. At the moment it doesnt understand momentum and physics and gravity, so it makes us move our bodies in an incredibly different way. You know, we have a typical vocabulary, each and every one of us, that we kind of go into that we try to strive away from, and i think this helps us do that. So while its early days for this technology and it doesnt seem to be making the real life choreographer redundant, maybe, just maybe, Artificial Intelligence could push creativity toa intelligence could push creativity to a whole new level. That was lara. 0ne one of 0ne ofan one of an unseen cause of air pollution is shipping. Vessels produce enormous amounts of sulphur and nitrous oxides as well as particulate matter. By some calculations, one large container ship can produce the equivalent of tens of millions cars worth of emissions. But it is hard to understand the scale of the problem and what can be done. Kolkata has been to denmark to how authorities there are using technology to understand shipping in the pollution it causes. This sleepy remote part of denmark may not look like it that the cutting edge of emissions detection and enforcement. But looks can be deceiving. The danish maritime authority, in partnership with the European Maritime safety agency, are using drones like this one as the latest weapon to detect and identify ships that are breaching eu regulations on emissions. This aircraft is equipped with a range of detectors and sensors, as well as 360 and infrared cameras, to identify ships and avenge effectively sniff their emissions by flying through the plume of smoke they leave behind. I am standing on they leave behind. I am standing on the takeoff and landing zone for the drone that they use here, or rpas, it is out somewhere finding a ship to sniff, for want of a better term, and im not sure if the camera can pick it up along the horizon there isa pick it up along the horizon there is a yellow band which is actually the pollution you can see these ships emitting. If you can imagine what it was like before these regulations came in, that is exactly what this aircraft is trying to detect. This is a very innovative project, to protect the environment. How does it work, we try to take as many measurements as possible of the sulphur content of the plume of the vessels, and these type of drones are adding proof of that infringement. Because up to now what happened sometimes is that they were changing fuel just when happened sometimes is that they were changing fueljust when entering the port, so this type of drone allows us to also take measurements while the sale. Now it is going to be coming back into land soon, and to be honest i dont really want to be stood here when it does, so im going to make a sharp access. It is piloted by two people from a ground based control centre. 0ne flying, and one monitoring the payload, as well as at team of ground based engineers and observers. What is to fly one of these . It is quite good fun, it is different, used to fly helicopters, and so it is very different in that respect. But it is in many ways as well, there is many similarities. Drones react the same way as a helicopter would do, so that i can use experience of the helicopter pilot in this type of industry. It is nice to be able to do something for the environment as well. We can see, sometimes you can see the black smoke, but most of the time you dont see it, especially if the wind is pushing it down onto the side, you might not be able to see it. But we also have extra tools like an infrared camera to be able to see it, it might help us sometimes as well. So we have a sensor which monitors the c02 and the anode 02, and we also have the payload camera which is used to be able to see where you are going. The rpas, or remotely piloted aircraft system, is detecting for a wave of solutions collisions. All the data recorded is shared directly with the home member state, and also with emsa. Now we can extend our reach by a huge margin, by flying these drones over the ships and collecting samples from the emissions and then calculated back to how much sulphur is in the fuel. Are they breaking the fields or are they not breaking the rules, or are they not, and then we can match that with when the ship comes into port. And here it is coming into land, you can see it is coming into land, you can see it swooping around slightlyjust it is coming into land, you can see it swooping around slightly just to accommodate for the wind, it is quite bizarre to think that even just a couple of minutes ago, that was us back out there on the horizon, it has been out there for the last 60, 90 minutes, inspecting any ships it has come across, now is coming back into land for a well earned rest. The first movers with the type of technology in this way, but as it gets easier and the regulation behind it matures, i think you will see this all over the place, and it is notjust for sulphur emissions, you could do so many things on see, just what we are trying to do, we are trying to extend our reach, where can we go and enforce the rules that we are trying to enforce. Denmark other first eu member state to use this technology, but as regulations and legislation continue to emerge, soon no ship will be safe from similar sulphur sniffers. 0k, were off to switzerland now for an innovative way of building homes more cleverly and more sustainably. Dan simmons has been to see some unusual buildings, and the robots and very old wisdom used to build them. In zurich, the experimental odd shaped dfab house has opened its doors. It has been partially produced by robots, and the lack of tea breaks is not the only cost saving. This flexible mesh mould allows for fast design. The robots build the wall from digital models, these 1 offs would typically need mean more materials are wasted than typical straight walls. But doing things this way results in hardly any material waste. Elsewhere, these dynamic casting machines create both load bearing functional support and lighterfacade. Load bearing functional support and lighter facade. While 3d sand printers produce ultralight ceilings labs. Again, all with minimal waste. And that is important. Because you may be surprised to learn that with just we are just a decade or two away from running out of materials to build with. We are rapidly running out of resources. As funny as it may sound, we are even running out of sand to make concrete. This particular floor actually is printed out of sand, but other materials could be compressed dirt, physically just that, locally found on site, or clay, or a combination of materials. These lighter and more varied choices of material will help us save the planets resources and test what will and wont work, they need a huge sandpit in which to play. The university is home to one of the biggest robots, if you like, in the world. This is a large, well, plant. It has four or five of these huge arms to try and create from things, this is a flaw that is in pr