Andrei Sakharov And The Massive 'Tsar Bomba' That Turned Him Against Nukes May 20, 2021 08:48 GMT Share share Print For most of the world, Andrei Sakharov, who was born 100 years ago this week, is remembered as a fearless and tireless champion of human rights and freedoms in the Soviet Union. It was for his work as an outspoken dissident to the Soviet authorities that he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975. Andrei Sakharov The citation called him "the conscience of mankind," saying that he "has fought not only against the abuse of power and violations of human dignity in all its forms, but has in equal vigor fought for the ideal of a state founded on the principle of justice for all."