talked about this, all county have to play by the same rule, the road where the 9 states is always going to stand up for some ground. and those were always important. i think it's important we communicate honestly directly to one world about our priorities from our intentions. katrina, you has the latest from beijing. i think she jumping really does want to see some positive result from this. we had state media television networks, the dtn just tweet saying that the 1st half of the summit has been concluded. they also highlighted some of his key quotes, saying that there should be an increase in communications and cooperation that both countries need to shoulder, their international responsibilities. and work together to tack a global challenges such as the pandemic, as well as climate change. and that both countries should focus on a win win goal and a peaceful coexistence. only you as president donald trump's long time ally steve bennett, has surrendered to federal authorities. honest, facing contempt charges for refusing to cooperate with the congressional investigation into january's attack on the capital. on his radio show the day before the attack and, and had said all hell is going to break loose during the trial of an american who killed 2 people at a protest will begin deliberations on tuesday. kyle rice in the house is charged with murder, but says he was acting in self defense. it happened during racial justice protest in kenosha wisconsin. last year. the e u stepping up at sanctions targeting belarus. as the migrant crisis there, wesson's vassals of people is stuck at the board up with pollen. some say valuation troops told them to cross. okay, that she had lost, nice continues here now does air off to context india, the health of india's health care sector. stay with us. we understand the differences and similarities of cultures across the world. so no matter when you call home will be even use in current affairs. that matter to you. hello and welcome to context india. i'm free. the schools are coming to you from bai and context india. we take the time to deliver a consider analysis of this country in politics and as people in each episode in the series, we're taking a close look at a specific facet of what has perhaps been the biggest crisis india has faced since independence covered pandemic. this our 4th and final episode, we are examining the indian health care sector that crumbled under the pressure of the 2nd wave. of course 19. we will be looking at issues of insufficient investment and public health care. the severe shortage of oxygen in many parts of the country and india vaccine policy. i'll be speaking with case which i have our former secretary of health for the government of india and sudan shumate the national spokesperson of the b g p. at the close of this episode will be an excerpt from a piece of plan demagogue music created in india through the call with month. this week with featuring when job be in the single people are in awe. in april and me 2021 indian social media space was flooded with messages like these . ah, is he? the 2nd wave of colbert in india was wreaking havoc. and it seemed as though the country's health care system was going on the, on the 1st of may 2021. these were the tweets being posted by hospitals in the capital new delhi. ah, we have just please. so everyone knows, i'm not in for that goes over the next 10 minutes. that will also them out about half an hour after this video message was issued by the executive director of a private hospital in new delhi. 12 patients there died when the oxygen ran out. it wasn't the 1st time during the 2nd wave that a lack of oxygen resulted in depth. the delta variant off the corona virus double charged the spread of cove it in india. in the 1st half of 2021 health care systems around the world have struggled with the virus. in 2020, there was stories of metrics in new york wearing garbage bags, s p p. in the u. k. in january 2021. ready so we're just, we're deployed to chronically understaffed intensive care was in the same month regions in brazil struggled with oxygen shortages and critically low cost. but your capacity however, the crisis in india's health care sector was off of magnitude the country hadn't seen before. delta dental loan doesn't explain a seemingly collapse of so many hospitals at the most crucial phase of the fine demick indian health care system in mrs. mac struck, it did have some strength in the sense that the primary system was established right. independence. but what do you kinetic quickly, the sauce, and order a pain pain functions it needed to of and primary health care system was still neglected from the very beginning. and then it was. busy remind me that there would be adequate number of doctors and other areas to set up and the help desk system and, and get really impact between a funded neglected system and the private sector. watson fi. there is also a deep dependence on the site, which is not the portion of the debris in the country. so what we ended up with is on one hand that is provided in public system. and on the other hand, you have the private sector, which will be on profit driven. i'm reading in a regular to back compared with many other countries. india, whether the 1st 3 recorded. well, the government implemented the largest lockdown in the world, which despite creating chaos due to a sudden announcement helps contain case numbers. what happens after the 1st re, however, very likely contributed to the intensity of the 2nd reef? it was in the 2nd wave that the biggest challenge was a combination of several factors. first of all, we had some level of preparation that remote in the latter half of the temporary hospitals started can be dismantled. and then we also saw the central state ordination becoming, i meant to say because of that idea of reasons, not the least of which was that because election was off and the wireless so, but i ran to travel across india with the large crowds deserting festivals. but really just gathering and for the election and at the state. the variance also gave it a key element of the global covered response strategy has been immunization. dr. india vaccine. manufacturing capacity is one of the highest in the world and supplies from india. but a crucial factor in the plans put together by many countries for their own vaccination campaign. and i do need a box, or he just walked a young man with the cobra. 19 vaccines global access, a callback program, backed by the world health organization. and unicef signed agreements with india in august and september 2020 for 200000000 doses of vaccine medication. in february 2021, the director general of the w h will teach it this by media for 2021. india had deleted and sold a combined total of $66000000.00 doses to nearly 100 countries. india domestic vaccination drive in the early months of 2021 had been slow compared to other countries. but the 2nd wave demanded action. on the 25th of march, india halted all exposed to vaccines. those supplies were needed to meet domestic demand, bringing the immunization network up to full capacity in a short period of time was not easy though. there were many changes that will need to the back. along the me there were many edwards, for lack of separation when it came to the production of the vaccine which led to the tuition of shortages and go down, dive at these pages. now the bunch of aspect of the vaccination policy has been how the government has to do at a point in boston. in vaccination. that's policy announced in mid april 2021 meant the private hospitals were allowed to purchase and administer vaccine by august. however, health minister and so whenever you are reported in parliament at only 79 percent of the vaccines reserved for private healthcare companies were being utilized. a key reason for the lack of uptake was cost. many indians were reluctant to pay high prices, being charged by private hospitals for vaccines that were being administered for free by the seat. less than 6 months since the peak of the 2nd wave of coven in the country, india's immunization drive had made up a remarkable amount of ground. according to government data, at the start of up to about 2021. 925000000 doses have been administered in the country. in an effort to expand distribution, jones were being tried out to deliver vaccines to remote location. and with domestic production capabilities, having increased, india was able to review exporting vaccine. but the strength to the explanation drive, which is not just one, it is created, they hide the redness about who they did. that's the nation is a public. another outcome is that urgency to drive a lot of health care workers and other kinds of district administrator on staff you've been with us have been enlisted and have been working with me for the success of the program. we want to achieve to some degree, to keep your friends the team for distribution of axioms, while the scale and strength of india vaccination work has been noteworthy. the 2nd wave expose the chronic under investment and inequality in the countries health care system overall. in the aftermath, specialists and policy advisors have advocated a boost in state funding the bus to the kids. we have seen public financing of health stagnate around one percent of the gross domestic product. it has risen now in the recent years that is too high out of pocket spending, that number of people resulting in quality. so we do need much help financing at least 3 percent of the g d p. as somebody financing these are that on the white misses the whole system, which is a function of me, whether it's just been trucks and supplies and particularly to help us not fall into place. cova devastated numerous countries, but india's experience, especially during the 2nd wave, was one of the most shocking pandemic audios because it impacts both in the shot and the long term will be significant, especially so in the house. and so i'm discussing the challenges in the faces with case which are almost secretary of health for the government of india, and so on to middle national spokesperson of the b g p. welcome to context india. my 1st question is to the both of you, india has an ad livable record when dealing with the likes of polio small box. why is it then that we weren't able to deal with the pandemic? better this route? yeah, you're right. that you know, we do a tremendous job in dealing with both to mix and also and you get done by the infection, but this band to make the game to betty betty infection and also very nice and part of the submit the my opening question to you as well, given india is expertise and dealing with help and that makes why didn't india deals with the fund better? if you look at the, you know, maybe of the been mix, it's not just india this by 2 guys. words by surprise. if you look at the develop economies develop can face look at how many, that's the head, good. how many kisses they had a look at how many came bits which took missing there. so to say that india did not handle it, is it on? yes, because the to something that was completely unknown to the guy was and if you look at casualties elsewhere, given the size of the indian population, because really all the number of cases of the size of the population that it's at emerged. i mean, secondly, are you know, anna on a competitive scale indented validity? look at, look at the look at the number of explanations and jasmine it will cheat. so in the perspective, if you look at the, how things have happened and i, we just don't, i think we've done and admittedly just submitted your argument that this was an unknown may have been true in the fust wave of 2020, but in the 2nd, maybe 2021. we had a very clear idea of what this fight us was and how it moved around. and let me, if i may please call out some statistics according to the un human development. about 2020 india ranked 155 out of 167 countries on hospital bed availability. according to data by the union health ministry. march 17 2020. we had one docked up on 11600 indians. the statistics show that we could have been better prepared if our health care was stronger, which it was not mr. mitten. i did do 2 different teachers, dressy. one is the infrastructure of the country being 1st to cover countries. there were moved in 6 months on the other. yes. so yes, in the ag village population and given this economy, has it leaded, missing the infrastructure, been loaded? i don't that. the issue is, how did we deal with the 2nd week? i mean these up proportions which nobody in the world and a discipline, that is an infrastructure you should be taught because in good be good looking. he currently has its limitations. but looking at the infrastructure which was available and looking at the vaccination which has been to the vaccination program as it's a successful and that is that the containment of what would happen in the 3rd week . so do you agree with mr. with those argument him have today, let me disagree. yes. this was the new wires that it does very. ready shocked me and it's not that bad back and much want to beg for the 2nd. the book given the fact that's not, don't yet you gone to be won by be also saw a new radio or add that you gave was up in july again. get back in december, so we ought to have expected the 2nd baby and walk out. so they did, there was, i'm denied me a lot the complacency that the 2nd phase. now when i say why is that? yes, it's true. is making giant dodgy because when did you go next leg over the last 77, you know, what about from 7? you got the amount we spend on the so me continues to be one reason why you, me fancy will that and we have the capacity of august to do better was because of the care not. * being bit of money, can you just ship not being that in india, it was given by technica the was was not because specialist advising the pm as far as the sever missteps which will even be half being foreseen by any plus. well, you know, there was some nice for that and it is not what i was about months made by. when did you get me? does that when you see that it's a nice. he's look back to that, don't get the battery. but in that we get that we need to see what happens again, but that adds up. why as a point, i would like to say that, that we need to be more ambler, i've experienced it too many of the gets and softening. what have you not? why get? because we have the capacity and the not need you need to me to have them better if only the need to ship one out it's best. and if that lesson is not, then i would say is experienced is not lost on us, mr. mitchell. during the 2nd wave, people won't just dying of cove it. they were reportedly dying off a shortage of oxygen and a shortage of hospital beds. what responsibility does the central government bear for that? you know, he said be in a degree in his interest to this, a legal issue, little opposed to the government of the day would be, was kind of fed. you don't look good, make hospital regular day. i mean it's, it's not like putting of update the government did velander not bully the central government. i would say all the state governments today equally rel, in kind of really to see when you are planning, you would look at the 1st thing. if 1000 cases that is much you would say probably what can it what we can go to put holes in can go 214000. it can go 216000. you don't anticipate that it will go to prepare to put it in a city. then you get the statistics of doctors, but a 1000000 bar population are rich. yes, it is a fact. this country has inadequate infrastructure because it's a developing country. it has limited resources. these resources i spend the on on, i'll take it back. how did we respond to the challenges? the most important issue is there was an oxygen shorted because nobody anticipated that the strength of an oxygen requirement would be that i'm not saying you just the government did this, the obligation government this? no, no, i'm not getting into that at all because i think every government and i think the on the situation, maybe it's the best effort to least a tech or the issue was they did. they could have if they were delays. yes, it would be less. they were, as i said this more then smoke off, but yes, things good. always have a bit of everything. but dick versus infinity is a for what i think with a tv. yes. that is it. i think it to miss route, who has worked with the health ministry for over 2 decades. mr. out, if you want to respond to mr. mr. with those point that it was no way to predict the number of cases that are cities actually saw creep up on a daily basis. you know, they did the fact and i knew with that you can never hear you. i mean, i had system, can you be expect it's a deductible point, even the best chance and stuff like that to me, it was all so they should talk to the steeds is largely because the way it does, but far more is, is that their system well yes, it seems that you would never expect the kind of demand for oxygen that came up before it. it was made beyond the beyond expectations and that'd be but we'll want to be ready. the problem is that god was late was so what it done because did not work out. so we didn't know what modeling and that went to bring in the complex and saying they want to get back if it is located that the why fi and it was not expected. and that's maybe, and that's the reason why we ought to be transparent and give it out because you can only benefit by more data being made available in the public domain. so better research comes in that kind of one thing it says, is that based on which decision? what date is julia calling completely inoffensive or so? yes, it does. oh, well let me do a video. fucking is something that, that you're not as long as you get what you did. that's what was the effort that, you know, it was not and had to be aware of what happened. we were at the bed like you are not what is what was going to be that you know we get something down in november december again. we can do the full month we. that's what we're based off of the submittal question for you, and i'm reading out of the new york times dated september 14 2021, which said senior officials from the government forced scientist said to leap institutions to downplay the threat of coven, to prioritize mr. moore, these political goes, what is your response to this? i think it is a sauce. then m b stood the off danged, his liver cushion, the risk of me that it came to 7 and a half like bits and he works. new york times has questioned its government. i believe that's a factual letter. you know, i can verbosity on very easy. i can make any kind of really issues. it must be something with respect, braylin pretty collaborative. it was back by something a mistake when we looked at by new i would, becomes mostly trusted. so when you look at our search, look at us. if with facts and figures i'm paying for those. i think he who config that the foot, not things which could have been anticipated. mr. i come back to you to respond to mr. little, do you also believe that the government did a fair job in making those decisions? you know, i wouldn't want to get into this blame game. i do feel that even the best of luck to you, but that, that would have been some element of a confusion is because of the nature of the family. get the reach out, but haven't sent that. there was some a situation that would have been never that said if they had to far more and more faster than we are making our discussion said, even in that same policy, i agree with mr with very well. i mean, it is amazing that we've been able to cover $900.00 people with a single shot, but only 25 percent of our population has shot to display prediction. so that is a long way to go, and we would have a much better the previous ambition of the prime minister to have a lot of vaccinated ph by december. well, let me get, i had we taken did what we did it and re done it way back last year in november and january 4th and the do backs in go to school. we went up there, started and there were so many other steps that would have been taken up at that time. my question do, mr. middle of all of the decisions being needs by government. now, do you think we are adequately prepared for the thought of anything else that might hit our public health sector? i think the piece will be putting again it cheating via detailed livers. hit a lot of contents holligan's affecting, engaged for everybody to see. and the reason why it has been contained is largely because of the vaccination program which the country is under ticket. i would also say that because of the pud were being contained, it has given the initial confidence that the design law for fighting up and take up and limit can be successfully sold. if, if you have the it is all over the domain should go with the content. sean and i may be optimistic, guy, derby lessons, which are this unexpected go head to a non disease has. so given the initial build, those lessons, i mean, well understood when they learned and build the government and the people of the center. okay, thank you both for speaking to a saw and for giving us your time. and finally, there are multitude of artists in india who created works through the long months of the pandemic. we wanted to feature some of the very languages they walk in and the perspectives they bring. this week we're closing for the next up to for song intern jobby titled, ma hummadi, sean slips to pandemic. it was written and performed by the boulevard mark. thank you for watching context india here and out to see the english. i with, oh, i thought again, then he finally got a, a initial mission with al jazeera world piers into the murky world of state sponsored spyware. and the discovery by al jazeera journalists at 0 technology, their smartphones system. is this the new frontier espionage think about the sophistication of exports to breaking performs. this is as good as a guess. the spy and your phone on al jazeera, the latest news as it breaks. so can families say that this is the only way they have to make a living? 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