In court one promise to continue his fight for freedom. Perhaps. But im persuaded that neither person nor any other arbitrary power will stop us from activism. What we are doing now is freedom to the world through our compassion, the home we love so much, we are willing to sacrifice the freedom and reporting from the court in hong kong for us to be upheld. He wouldnt be surprised if he would be taken straight to jail and this is what he expected. The prosecutor spent most of the days proceedings presenting evidence against the 3, mostly in the form of video footage of the night of june 21st last year, showing thousands of protesters who blockaded the police headquarters. But focusing on the 3 for a long ivan rahman, calling for the Police Commissioner to come out and face the public. Its worth noting that all these 3 are between 22. 00 and their mid twentys all very young. But it is your 4th time. Well be going to jail for the headlines, nearly 40000 ethiopian refugees of arrived in sudan, fleeing the fighting between Government Troops and forces in the region. Ethiopias Prime Minister has given those forces 72 hours to surrender. The Reuters News Agency is reporting that a great leader has rejected that ultimatum and yemens hurt the rebels, divulged a missile in iran, cofield distribution station in saudi arabias. Western port city of jeddah, saudi arabia has neither confirmed nor denied the claims. Theyre up to date with the headlines time now for inside story. An invitation to bear witness to focus the high the trials and tribulations. And every day, miracles, the injustices little finds, the test of character, and to witness documentaries with a delicate touch. On aljazeera. A blanket of toxic smog. Indias capital is suffocating with Dangerous Levels of pollution, and people in new delhi are being warned. It could make them more vulnerable to cove it 90. So what can be done to avoid a disaster . This is inside story. Hello welcome to the program and bernard smith. The air quality in indias capital is amongst the worlds worst in winter pollution in new delhi source, making it extremely difficult to breathe. The air becomes still on a thick cloud of smoke settles over the city. Its full of pollutants from vehicles, Construction Industry and crop burning to name a few measly to eye and nose infections and lung diseases. And on top of that, theres the corona virus which makes risperidone illnesses, potentially deadly. The quality of air in new delhi deteriorated dramatically nearly 2 weeks ago. It reached 490 on a scale of 500. A score between 0 and 50 is what the World Health Organization considers safe to breathe. But on november 10th and particle pollutants briefly surged to 30 times the safe limit. The number of people complaining of a spurt or disease in new delhi was reported to have risen. Doctors say 13 percent of the citys recent covered 900 cases may be linked to pollution. Many new delhis residents have complained of breathing difficulties on days when pollution levels saw going to face trouble breathing as well as mild headaches. More than usual, as the winter is settling in along with the rise and pollution, our heads hurt even more. It is absolutely impossible to go out and about without masks because of the pollution they would be really going to have diabetes and hypertension. The double blow of covered 1000 and pollution has affected me a lot. I wasnt stepping outside my home because of the bad air and the lack of physical activity made my diabetes get worse. Pollution is posing a lot of problems. I run daily after running on the road. I feel the impact on my life. It feels i bought this protection mask for that, but the pollution is so bad that this mask and provide adequate protection from polluted air. The level of oxygen becomes low. If we dont wear a mask, we face problems. There is pollution. That got slightly better after the rain. It is still there. New delhi is battling both toxic and the records surge in corona virus infections. Its seen more new cases than any other indian state. More than 7000 people a day, a developing covert, 19, the number of beds available with ventilators is shrinking. The government has flown doctors in from other regions and expanded testing. But there are still Major Concerns over the ability of new Delhis Health care system to handle the crisis. Lets bring in the guests there all in new delhi. We have deeper, senhor, an assistant professor of economics at on Better University in delhi, dr. Sirica verner, an ear, nose, and throat surgeon, and karthik is a Research Fellow at the council on energy and environment and water. Welcome to each of you, kartik. Ill start with you. If i may, this pollution appears every autumn. Its not new. Why is it still happening . And why is it getting worse . I think its happening everywhere, primarily because you know, this is when the winter sets in. So its as much a meeting phenomenon as it is a manmade phenomenon. And as the other guy says, basically that this pollution exists around, it just manifests itself in such a worse manner in the windows. So the vehicle or pollution, the dependence on private vehicles. They have the management of solid waste in the city state of delhi. Incessant burning of waste that happens of because its not collected in this post off in an appropriate manner and construction, dust and debris. All of these big sources of pollution which dont get addressed, youre around and it just comes up, you know, in a much bigger way. And i think it will be episodic incidences of proper ning, and the valley fire crackers, all of these add to it. So i think theyre, theyre a distraction for the policymaker, honestly, because they focus their attention inordinately on attending to those, you know, for the few weeks in the days for which those exist. But then the moment that dies down, everybody feels a bit gone back down to levels which are acceptable. And then for the rest of the year, nothing happens. No news channels covered it either unfortunately. And in november next year or in october next election, ill be an option. And so i think its basically because the attention is there only for a very start beating on the issue. Were not addressing it in a holistic manner throughout the deeper is that what happens, people kick up a fuss for the few weeks that the pollution is that and then they forget about it and forget to address the root concerns. Absolutely, i completely agree. If you look at the causes for the pollution, much of those apps is to make the congo anything about them ecological issues. But we all know what that come autumn. This is how its going to be. And then us so many things in domes look for the Behavioral Changes as well. Those institutional structures this need to be done in the much more consolidated member and the sustainable might have continuously. Well, i guess the pollution and of the dont see that happening. But what we see is that those who cannot afford it, if they grow up to get out beautifier out as the season changes, while others upload. But overall, its something thats become quite a bit to blame. But the, unfortunately, one thinks of the city and the government said, generally the public seem to be thinking about it only when does either come sorry, can i mention this must be one of the busiest times of the year. It for you. Can you just explain what the worst the most severe consequences of this pollution are on patients that you deal with . Well, lucian is a problem throughout a lot in cities like delhi and the golf was, it becomes much wasnt been dull, but were seeing the safety yet only up from september to february. So it does they distressing . Do not bat well at a time, then you know, yelling to have peace in the back to make the one thing which is not done in the body. And then the added pollution makes it much worse. You have respected the stress in the ladder to patients, but the last month or now i have been describing medications, the end of a leap, because were not fully aware that in november that it is really become much worse. The pollution levels will go beyond control. And oh yeah, well its our children and patients, the dismissive, the sisters stocktaking, then i believe theres only ok calling me and pollution act and find them because theyre going to have a minister to disease. Ok, thank you. A cough think many indian set cities top the global list of the most polluted new delhis the at the top of the list. Why is new delhi particularly more susceptible to this level of pollution than other parts of the country, even though there is pollution elsewhere . What, whats special about new delhi . I think its the geography of course is a very big part of it. Its just, you know, it sits adjacent to lego hurley big dust bowl. Which means that theres always a constant influx of dust coming in from the desert, and from perhaps even from central asia that adds to the ambient levels into the day. But in addition, this is the metropolis thats been growing, you know, in an uncontrolled manner for the last 3 or 4 decades enough. And as a result of back, its, i guess, and doesnt have any abating influences of a coast which lets them move. Biota chennai article got to have as a result the pollution basically stays and we dont get this effect of meteorology which you know, with the temperature inversion and all of that in other, in other parts of the country where the population density is so much an added to that the dependence on private vehicles for instance, and that is phenomenal. There is of course, a lot of public transport available. The metro is great, the pa system is reasonably good, but the number of people using cars to get it on is just, i mean its, its outstanding. So all of that, of course thats to it. And i think the bigger problem really is that the city administration, the state administration and the Central Administration are 3 different bodies that basically control it. And does this no coordination among them to actually make things better . Right. So some roads that under some administration, some, some roads and others. So because of the lack of coordination, its like, you know, if you handle it, you handle it. And as it is not, you know, nobody funding it. And thats one of the reasons why we have, i think, a plethora of issues that the city faces. Deeper conflict mentions the bureaucratic problems. India has gone to a central pollution control board and there are state pollution control boards. How effective are they trying to manage pollution in the states but cut in 3, the pollution control votes dont really have that much beef and they, they are not believed to do this kind of courting nation among states on policy issues. To give an example, one of the external factors in the season is the stubble bonding, which happens in the neighboring state of punjab. So the ag, because of the policy said has to change and the Punjab Government has to be tilted farmers to use alternative technology. That is something that the pollution control board that entity is not empowered to add to. It is so consistently behind an ordinance putting, setting up a new commission that is supposed to look into all of this. But once again, this happened only last month after the pollution began. So we do need a better Institution School or at least these issues that n. T. V. Dont have to make this thing along with Building Infrastructure in terms of public transport and so on and Public Awareness as well. I think the, the institutions that the have an order to handle sirica. Of course, on top of all of this, we now have the coronavirus. How is the pollution making life harder for people who are suffering from coronavirus . Is it making things worse . He call it 19 or takes that is pretty systematically and reduces the oxygen saturation even in the best of times. Then you have the pollution increasing to such levels. This fitrakis just increases and so even patients who are becoming getting back into one pot and they never home isolation, im not needing to the oxygen. And that is why ive made hospitals us struggling to get beds available for every patient unless every patient had this to handle cloven. The oxygen starts dropping. If you dont need high oxygen beds and that is already stretching the existing, very thin interest at the breaking point. And i, even today, i was struggling to get a couple of people and with their 2, its a very difficult and right now a, do you see any light at the end of the tunnel . Dr. Is this going to get worse . Do you think . Oh, you mean the 1st . Oh im, you know, theres a lot of the struggling, fortunately, has learned what kind of these 1. 5 percent compared to us and you will from the people of ghana degrees is all probably because the wealthy nation has been exposed to different kinds of fire. This is a jihad on and that is hopefully are saving lives because the stations were going to 8595 percent base about to go to get home. I dont think that pollution needs to be exacted so that the a lot of the, i guess make us the up in that incident that evolution cause about 1. 26 lakh. Thats what im still for a disease then you know, maybe overnight, if you happened, then the and i would stop and then we have had about one point. You dont relax, thats in india for disease that is causing that is the and yet on the a im going to obviously is not taking it very seriously. And i would like to do with doesnt it emergency ok. Tawfiq deeper referred earlier on to stubble burning as one of the reasons why ive been neighboring states punjab and haryana again. But has been known about for a long time that burning stubble from the rice poppies and straw from the rice paddies. Why hasnt the government able to talk a lot so so were looking at you with the farmers in punjab on this matter. And i think the primary challenges that you know, this generation, a pharmacist country that is so used to this cycle of, you know, rice and wheat that for them to think of shifting away to something as rent. Dick was systemic changes, right . Right from the procurement options for alternative crop that they might so do training regarding, you know, how do you go bar, you know, cropping other other crops, the watering back down the resources required. All of that needs to start from scratch because the government actually spent a lot of time and money getting them to grow rice in the 1st place. You see they were actually left and youre talking about, you know, through the eightys. And now, given that the not so much effort and money is gone into actually getting them on board to cultivate place, i think equal amount of effort needs to go in to sort of make a new learning all of that and telling them that, well, this is not sustainable for many of us. The most important of which is the water availability in the state of the job, which is precipitously declining with every passing year. And in the interest of long term agricultural prospects for the state, i think the farmers will have to adapt to growing something else. But that is not going to happen with strict art collector. I will find you if youre born. It has to happen with one holding with, you know, these agricultural extensions as theyre called school. So to say for farmers to go and learn and for them to get resources and to stop them and to get the resources to plain fund. If that doesnt happen, and if the government doesnt, you know, look out of their own market mechanism to provide other crops they otherwise would cultivate. This is probably going to go on for a while until, you know, it just becomes unsustainable. In many other ways to just go dyson punjab, which would be a sad state of it because it can eat quickly to help us understand why this. Why this process of burning off has enjoyed the governments trying to get farmers to find other methods to clear the field. And i know theres a tight reef seeding pretty area between harvest. Just help us understand why thats a problem. I mean, the solutions have been developed a home grown, thats the beauty of it, which is, you know, theres this, you know, these happy cedar and, and these are the technologies that help you know, incorporate the rice to do in the soil. But the thing is that all of these are, you know, implements one on top of the other. One job is already one of the most heavy, mechanized agricultural states. And perhaps regions in the world like the per capita ownership of things like a body of, of, and of harvesters and of practice probably rivals jadavpur and america. Which means that, you know, i think more and more employment makes it very expensive prospect for farmers to actually continue doing it. And theyre already under serious levels of debt. So that after really, you know, models that are sustainable in terms of whether its leasing, whether its Community Purchase and use it. And then of course the education part of it, as i said its, its happened in 4 years. But every year unfortunately, weve kind of gone with the stick in september of each year saying, you know, do this or you get fined, do the same, you get fined and the political will to sort of brilliant, implement that fine is not then its unfairly right to actually ask them to pay a fine because nothings been done throughout the year. So i think unless we can actually put money where the mouth is and do something about it. And i think in the long run, the better solution is to not even the long run, but money in the medium term to get them away is probably the solution. But i think its happening increasingly when the conditions weve seen. Because a lot of people are saying that the cost of agriculture is already going up significantly in punjab and maybe list come to it there in a farmers the shift and mass as opposed to you know, trying to sort of solve the rice, how do issues that are deeper, the government does have a National Plan and launching 2019 to, to cut pollution by 20 to 30 percent by 2014. How realistic does that target look now . So like all of the issues that kind of think this talked about and what people have been discussing the dont see in the Actual Movement on the ground or manual says. So if the think that if things continue to read, theyre not then the targets. I think that the important point is for understand that this solution is not the one thing event. That this is something that needs a change in many, many things. Like the act because the policy, so it cannot be that in these months we find the promise and then the rest of the other things go on as to his Bank Building public and the public tran