A tough National Security law. Back on the streets demanding the president steps down protests resume in mali after Regional Mediation fails the entire villages are under water with millions affected by the worst flooding to hit china in decades. And im peter some of the new sports news and as expected weve just heard that cricket t 20 world cup has been postponed because of the coronavirus pandemic. So we begin with the fight against covert 19 which has taken a small but potentially significant step this monday the Lancet Medical Journal has published results from scientists at Oxford University who have been conducting early human testing for a Coronavirus Vaccine and the results are encouraging they found a vaccine did not cause any serious side effects and produced a strong immune response this is one of 5 vaccines showing positive results a joint effort between Oxford University and the company astra zeneca testing and large numbers in the u. K. As well as south africa and brazil youve also got in australia the university of melbourne and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute conducting phase 3 trials the final step before a vaccine is approved for distribution their test actually involves an old tuberculosis. Maxime Chinese Companies and soon a farm have also both moved to phase 3 testing in brazil in the u. A. E. And in the United States the Biotech Company madonna and the National Health institute say they will enter the final testing phase at the end of this month so there is a lot going on around the world but our focus is Oxford Paul Brennan is there for us on the news or put it all into context paul it is a good start isnt it. It is very encouraging signs from a much expected highly anticipated. Study from the university of oxford reported today in the lancet that means its been Peer Reviewed and checked it is early were talking about the 1st 56 days of the phase one trial that took place end of april beginning of may involving 1077. 00 participants that said the results of that early testing and early study was that it is safe this vaccine this potential vaccine that they produced it induces an immune reaction which is good it in 2 types of immune reaction that is antibodies and t. Cells the reaction is strong in a subgroup study of 10 participants which is yes that the response is maybe Even Stronger after a 2nd dose now the ideal vaccine needs to be effective after just wanted to do says it needs to be good for. The elderly people and target participants such as people with existing Health Conditions it also needs to be effective for a period of longer than 6 months at this stage its too early to say whether or not this vaccine actually meets those kind of criteria and the other thing that is very important to say is that the phase 3 testing which is already underway as a result of this vaccine taking place in the u. K. In brazil and in south africa will really test exactly whether this prospective vaccine offers a kind of protection against the corona virus because this vaccine has a provokes an immune response within the body but thats not to say how it will behave when exposed to corona virus what hasnt happened here is the pitot participants have not been exposed to corona virus so what we have in brazil and in south africa is those vaccinated people will be exposed to corona virus as part of the Wider Population the high prevalence of to run a virus in those 2 countries and then the study will really look at exactly how their bodies react. Having been given the vaccine once they are exposed to corona virus its detailed its interesting its very very early but its very very hopeful and from what you say there is that weve still got a long way to go of course we take these positive steps and we take positive news but that will be very key when it actually gets exposed to the virus itself. Indeed you know one of the caveats that theyre putting on it is its very early to 9 out of 10 Vaccine Research programs end in failure i mean thats just the reality of it so there are no guarantees here at all even Prime MinisterBoris Johnson while praising the africa see the huge progress thats been made in such a very short time here dr university he was at pains to say look were not out of the woods yet. A strong immune response being provoked by this vaccine is not quite the same as protection from exposure to the virus that said you know the initial results are very positive the side effects appear to be minimal were talking about sort of tiredness and headaches which are being treated by paracetamol in most cases so from that point of view early indications good but again im saying 1077 participants in the phase one stage needs to be widened much further than that and although phase 3 is already underway with in excess of 10000 participants the results of that wont be known for a little while good stuff really clear explanations there from paul brennan in oxford this monday were talking about trials so we should really look at how these processes actually work a vaccine its a type of medicine it trains the bodys immune system it contains weakened or dead bacteria and viruses then it is introduced into the body so that it can fight a disease it has not come into contact with before thats what paul was talking about the human trials usually happen in 3 phases in the 1st one you just have a small number of volunteers who are given the vaccine go to see if its safe 1st then in the 2nd hundreds more are tested to see if the vaccine is effective monitor for side effects and then we get to this 3rd phase when were talking about thousands of vaccinated volunteers they studied in areas where they are exposed to the virus along with people without vaccination so that will be the key stage. Or can tell us more about this from new york now a professor of epidemiology and medicine at Columbia University its always nice to talk to you whats your initial take on what weve heard from the lancet an Oxford University today. I think this is a very exciting new was encouraging news and we now have another rex team thats poised to move into what we call a place for me studies which are really the senators that is that will of tell us if the vaccine works and if it is safe in the large numbers of participants so this a very important milestone for this vaccine in particular i know were not exactly privy to all the information of this test but. Can it go wrong at this point if its looking this positive at this stage im just thinking about managing expectations. Yeah i think we have to be very cautious because down this that one of this phase one to study was done a little bit in a bit more than a 1000 fighters offense sometimes you really need to study a vaccine a much Larger Population or did you see a rare side effect so i think its important for us to move ahead to the larger studies that were recruited maybe 30000 individuals and and hope that someday our side effect does not manifest itself once you are using it in a Larger Populations i think its very critical to do the larger studies not only in terms of the safety but also of course to demonstrate where theyre at the sex scene can work to prevent infection. Theres also concern as well in terms of what really happened when individuals who have been vaccinated actually are exposed to infection in thats another dimension where we have to watch very carefully in your response in the body then once the individual has been vaccinated it is exposed to the true infection given the scale of the problem that we are facing is there room for collaboration i mentioned a little bit earlier that there are a number of trials going on at the moment with a number of prominent universities and companies around the world. Can they would they end up working together or is there a commercial reality involved here as well. I do think there is one for collaboration and i believe there is evidence of some collaboration at least in terms of the exchanging information in terms of the design of the studies themselves in terms of what are the end points for the various vaccine studies that are. Ongoing now and those that are planned and i think thats all very good because i think in a in the context of endemic like this we really need to learn from each other and avoid the just fewer competition so im hopeful that each of the studies that have been done thus far is that theres a distillation of Lessons Learned that can inform the design and the conduct of the other studies to follow i do think though that its also really important to stress again that we cannot let our guard down we dont have a vaccine in hand we dont have a safe and efficacious and effective vaccine as of yet and for the foreseeable future we have to continue to be careful to and here to the Public Health measures that we know can prevent transmission of this virus is it worth even thinking about a potential timeline here i think that you know were 6 months 7 months now after the initial infection style sewed in china and its taken this long to get to something which looks like a positive result so weve got to be thinking at least another 6 months probably through for the next year. You know i think probably in all likelihood looking at 6 months i just think the. Development of these vaccines in 1000. 00 have been has been moving on an accelerated pace and whats interesting is even at the same time as the studies are being pursued those feasts these 3 large studies are now being pursued that are starving got very soon and some of them have started at the same time theres also a Movement Towards the manufacture of some of these vaccines in the hope that if the data do show success meaning safe and effective vaccine that we would have already the menu faction capacity in place at that point in time or a facade or a pleasure talking to you thank you for joining us on the news hour thank you while were talking coronavirus india has also begun human Clinical Trials for a potential vaccine at least 40000. 00 people have tested positive there in just 24 hours indias total number of recorded infections is now more than 1100000 from new delhi his elizabeth purana. The 1st human Clinical Trials all of a vaccine called kovacs and begin today with 375 people taking part and the director of the all India Institute of medical sciences where a large part of the trial is taking place said that regardless of which country comes up with the vaccine 1st india has the ability to mass produce a given its history the fact that it is the Worlds Largest producer of generic drugs and speaking about the situation in the country he said that some places like delhi where cases have been coming down for the last 2 weeks seem to have passed their peak whereas other places especially the Southern States are going through their peak now now india did record yet another single highest a rise in cases more than 40000 cases and nearly 700 deaths the state of mind remains the 1st the worst affected and with more than 300000 cases now its tally has surpassed that of spains its adding nearly 10000 new cases every day and. The hotspot has moved from indias Financial Capital by to less developed areas with less medical resources and that is the situation and the concern around the country as the outbreak moves from the major cities to more or less developed areas which have this Health Care Infrastructure so apart from maharashtra the worst affected states are in the south they are not. And. There are a number of lockdowns around the country as state governments try to slow down the rise in cases and theyre also increasing testing to better detect infections. The news in the u. K. Has just suspended its extradition arrangements with hong kong after china imposed its tough new National Security law on the territory as tensions grow with beijing foreign circuits the dominant rob says he had concerns about the role rob announced restrictions on the sale of weapons. China that would be extended to hong kong as well meanwhile u. S. Secretary of state on paper is in london to meet Doris Johnson and rob at the top of the agenda are issues relating to chinas new security law as well as the u. S. U. K. Free trade agreement lets look at what the hong kong side of things though needs barca in london with more knave what is actually happening with regards to extradition and why is the u. K. Saying this is necessary. Well in short what sort of a foreign secretary is basically saying is that it can all be business as usual between the u. K. And hong kong Going Forward because of the introduction of the new security law that is created new crimes a new severe punishment and the British Government has said 3 things firstly to offer refuge to up to 3000000 home kong citizens to come and live and work here in the u. K. They already have a special status because they are citizens of a former british colony that special status looks like it is about to be extended the 2nd is to extend an arms embargo thats existed on sales of weapons to Mainland China and thats been in place since the late 1980 s. To extend that now to hong kong and that includes equipment that dont rob said could be used. For x. All of the internal repression we seems to be something of a veiled criticism of Police Tactics in hong kong against demonstrators and the 37 and 30 year extradition agreement between the u. K. And hong kong. Will be affect see if immediately the fear is that people being extradited from the u. K. To hong kong could find themselves then being extradited to Mainland China where there are different rules and regulations a few off found guilty for political subversion for instance you can find yourself facing a life sentence so deep water is about where people might end up if sent back to hong kong the chinese authorities anticipating this move have already accused the British Government of brutal meddling so this is all with regards really or prompted by the change in law of the National Security bill but the tensions between all the parties i go back further i mean i guess a lot of that due to the u. K. Has long history with hong kong. Now largely because of that the u. K. Feels that it has the needs to get directly involved in whats happening in hong kong but in recent weeks the 2 countries beijing and london have clashed on a number of different things. Particularly when it comes to the chinese authorities treatments off the Muslim Minority week as in china jiang province. Said that he felt the grossest Human Rights Violations were taking place there he said that the worlds attention needs to be refocused on allegations of forced sterilization now if mass deportations all of these allegations rejected of course by by beijing and also only last week under immense pressure from the United States the u. K. Made the Bold Decision to remove the tech giants hallway form britains 5 g. Network Going Forward despite the threat of retaliation is from beijing u. K. Knows however thats as it heads towards life outside the European Union it needs to tread very carefully in dealing with china it needs china on side but needs to send a continual stern message that its not happy with certain things that beijing is up to ok with that developing news out of the u. K. Concerning hong kong thank you. Now antigovernment protesters in mali have descended on the capital bamako demanding the president s resignation theyre blocking roads and burning tires a day after an Opposition Coalition rejected the prime Regional Media the west african bloc eco recommended president abraham to form a unity government with the opposition the june 5 movement the opposition just wants to step down for his poor handling of the economy and the lack of security here is following the story from dakar in neighboring senegal we were saying just yesterday nicholas how this could become a battle of wills basically because the opposition is so firm about its demands take us through what theyve been doing today. Well whats important to note is that this Opposition Movement is made of a coalition of trade unionists members of the opposition you also have influential you have religious leaders each have their own grievances the religious leaders are upset that. The hasnt been able to bring security to the north in the center of the country and trade unionists such as teachers are upset because they havent received their salaries for months then you have the opposition upset because their leaders to my list say was abducted during the last parliamentary elections and theres been it seems to their view very little effort to try to free them so theyve now taken back to the streets in what they described in french yesterday as enjoy navy muffed which means they want to churn major cities including the capital into a ghost town theyv