Headlines next aljazeera came to the cost. Doing this for the benefit of saddam people so see the importance of guys witnessing documentaries that open your eyes at this time on aljazeera. Alarm hasnt seeker this is counting the cost on aljazeera your weekly look at the world of business and economics this week wild swings for Global Stock Markets why it could be a sign the borrowing costs are going up faster than expected. Also this week suffragettes one hundred years on a look at how women in twenty eighteen are still fighting for equal rights in the workplace. Plus a surge in u. S. For production and why thats making life more difficult for opec. Now theyve been an eerie sense of calm where the markets had been concerned all of last year but this week everything changed and we saw a brutal sell off in global stocks which accelerated as the we got underway on monday and tuesday stocks fell dramatically around the world to raising all of twenty eight hundred gains in a matter of hours and then they recovered and have been pretty volatile since so what just happened while the prospect of higher Interest Rates across the globe was the main reason given by analysts for the market rout the World Economy is just emerging from a period of record low lending rates and in some cases negative Interest Rates all designed to kickstart the economy nearly a decade of easy Monetary Policy has sent asset prices sky high now thats likely to end things like stocks bonds commodities and currencies are going to have to adjust to joining us now from london is david madden a market analyst at c. M. C. Markets good to have you with us david so the general. The consensus this week has been the stock prices been high maybe too high for months if not years and that. A big drop was seen as somewhat likely if not inevitable is that how you see it. Thats exactly how i see it for too long investors were sleepwalking into the into the raging bull market that was going on underneath them and investors and traders forgot the Financial Markets can fall as well i was right and there was so much positive the downturn there was so much positive Economic Indicators and theres so much enthusiasm surrounding Global Stock Markets particularly those in the United States such as that of the dow jones and the s. And p. Five hundred investors quite frankly got complacent the ignore the fact that volatility was at multiyear loans and they assumed that the stock markets weak wed keep reaching fresh record highs or a multiyear highs here in europe or in asia and then we did hit a bit of a speed bump and we saw. Average earnings in the United States spike a lot last week sending fears we could have for rises from the Federal Reserve this year and thats what prompted this exodus out of equities i dont think this is as i just think this is a classic example of the market being over of overstretched the sell off weve seen recently was another frost being taken off the top of the market and why do Interest Rate rises or in this case concerns over future rate rises why does that automatically mean a drop in stock prices what effect does that have the knock on effect on the economy and on investor worries well the knock on the knock on effect a lot stock market is fairly straightforward a lot of the money thats in the stock market particularly in recent months has been borrowed money so investors are borrowing basically all time low rates rock bottom rates to invest in the stock market which was until recently having a higher yield im very recently at the prices were going up also looking at whats going on in the cash market or the government bonds markers higher Interest Rates warrant higher policy higher yields i cast upon. Yes and also higher yields of government bonds so investors look highly highly value stocks i think while i invest in highly value stocks which are the media which i have a reasonable yield where i can have a similar yield from u. S. Government securities are perhaps some cash accounts with quite substantially lower risk so the theres a lot of talk about equities been overbought in the first place and there is a prospect of higher Interest Rates all of a sudden traders cash in their stocks a plow the money into government balance and cash and just finally david are we now entering a new a new era where the era of easy money is is pretty much over and the low Interest Rates that fueled that were now were now into a new phase of raising rising rates and attempts to call the economy i think were entering the transition period whereby central bankers in the last number of years had a very aggressive loose monetary policies to kick start the kickstart economies around the world and were now are probably in the phase where the Central Banks are looking to step back and in many cases actually tighten the type of Monetary Policy they get in the form of higher Interest Rates or a reduction in the stimulus package so its almost like the economy has gotten off the ground another economy is going to have to have to survive more of us all then term rather than the guiding hand of Central Banks good to speak with you david madden in london thank you all for every six marked one hundred years since the first women were given the right to vote in the u. K. Activists at the forefront of that campaign were known as suffragettes on a b phillips has their story. The day i. Was. Was an epic victory celebrated in the museum of london one hundred years since the first british women got the vote all thanks to the suffragettes who took on the establishment and won. It wasnt easy they chained themselves to fences outside Parliament Many were arrested beaten went on Hunger Strike one even threw herself at the kings horse in the famous dopy race. She died but the cause did not the suffragette struggles but they ultimately won for what they make British Society today one hundred years on with they believe that women have achieved true equality it wasnt until nine hundred twenty eight that younger and poorer women were also given the vote and says this very in character actor the suffragettes always hoped to inspire future generations when we went off i thats not going to be the end of all the fights you know were going to have to keep fighting im sure and i just hope that we can set the precedent for that and they keep fighting just as hard as we. She no doubt would agree Emily Pankhurst leader of the suffragettes and great grandmother of helen who wonders if the glass is only half full if every single measure of political equality we still have so far to go in every single parliament and in particular i need you k. We only have thirty two percent representation if you look at all other aspects of democracy so the legal system and the the media reporting of parliaments and of politics we still have a lot to go so what. Comedy throws light on women struggles today its humiliating but it also made it a fantasy the first week in our relationship that i earned. With british institutions from parliament to the b. B. C. By revelations of gender discrimination. And it feels like were just failing over and over but we have to remember the suffragettes failed for over fifty years they only succeeded once and we only need to succeed once they are impossible is our normal life and we are the hopes of the suffragettes. Our debt to the heroines of the past maligned in their day as misguided radicals we remember them as being on the right side of history a century later the struggle for equal pay in workplaces across the globe continues in twenty eighteen the World Economic forum highlighted that women will have to wait two hundred seventeen years before they earn as much as men and have equal representation in the workplace. Oxfam says that the economic model is not working women consistently earn less than men and usually have lower paid and more insecure forms of work the six point four percent of the fortune five hundred list of the biggest u. S. Corporations are run by women the worlds two largest economies china and the us consistently ranked poorly on the uns annual global gender pay gap survey but there has been some progress in january iceland became the only country in the world to make pay inequality illegal in april or u. K. Companies with more than two hundred fifty workers will be required to submit data on pay grades and explain any gender gap were joining us now from lancaster in england is sylvia well be a professor of sociology and unesco chair in gender Research Lancaster university there thanks very much for being with us so let me ask you first off then why does the gender pay gap exists and what are the factors. That that influence the pay gap the gender pay gap is a consequence of gender inequality is in employment and also in the Wider Society some research to tie to it looking specifically at the components of that disaggregated that gender pay gap into several parts some other is to to to wreck to discrimination and prejudice against women some of that is due to indirect discrimination when women are treated less well for characteristics which arent just about being women for example working part time some issues are to do with wider gender issues in society such as issues of the Domestic Division of labor and where the society looks after children or whether its only the womans responsibility and also issues of education whether women have equal access to education and indeed much broader issues of the extent to which there is gender balance and decision. Making and where the women are full participants in the Decision Making in a particular society and if women are full participants in that Decision Making then you can see the fine tuning of both Employment Practices and policy practices which would facilitate womens greater engagement in employment and thereby close the gender pay gap in the u. K. Theyre trying a different approach the government is talking about making Companies Report their their their pay and they do there by highlighting the disparities between men and women do you do you think that that perhaps might be more effective in equal pay legislation in terms of kind of shining an unforgiving light on companies that persist with this gender pay gap the effect of it in britain recently has been intriguing many people who did not know that they were being paid less than the month sitting next to them have suddenly realized that there is a significant gender pay gap and added their voices to this issue and weve seen some significant changes in Company Policies as a consequence has been a very Interesting Development in addition to the other rules but despite all of this these trends and changes it is estimated according to the World Economic and Economic Forum the gender pay gap could take up to two hundred years to close or what do you make of that yes thats very very slow isnt it their estimates i think are based on slow changes in education working through the system and they have a notion of this very long change in the pipeline and eventually is that these gender gaps will close so on the one hand its optimistic in that they think that this will just happen on the other hand this is a very slow process another big argument has been made though as well for that closing the gender pay gap is that it does have. It does actually boost the economy have you seen evidence of that indeed this is part of some of the principles behind the United NationsSustainable Development goals where goal five creates gender equality as a necessary component of sustainable Economic Growth so there is a wider recognition of these issues in international circles in the o. E. C. D. And also within the United Nations but not every country in the world is running up to that though ali its very uneven youre absolutely right countries differ in the extent to which they adopt these policies there are enormous differences between countries in the extent to which women are included in the Decision Making processes and this has Significant Impact on the development of those policies. If you look at the countries with the narrowest gender gaps in Decision Making for example the moderate countries and you see the narrowest gaps in womens participation in in Economic Development so yes enormous differences in countries around the world and the differences show in the outcome for both justice and Economic Growth sylvia will be thanks for being with us thank you very much indeed and still to come on counting the cost of the hour is in debt find out why thats ringing alarm bells and which country is lending it money. First changes to middle east aviation this we could help bring costs down for passengers on monday ryanair said its launching flights to jordan for the first time the low cost Irish Airline already flies to israel morocco its first route from our men in jordan to power force in cyprus will begin in march now billionaire entrepreneur lawn musk made headlines to this week his Company Space x. Sent one of his tesla electric cars into space while reynolds reports. Three. With its twenty seven rocket engines roaring the space x. Falcon heavy soared into the florida sky its the most powerful rocket on earth with a thrust equal to eighteen seven forty seven jumbo jets working simultaneously at full power the successful launch gives a powerful boost to billionaire entrepreneur elon musks company which once lucrative contracts with nasa the u. S. Military and Satellite Companies on board the unmanned ship musks own cherry red tesla roadster from his electric car company with the space suit a dummy in the seat and a stereo playing the late david bowies space oddity on repeat the rockets side boosters separated from the main body and flew back to earth touching down in a perfectly choreographed double landing the boosters will eventually be reused on another mission another booster was designed to land of war to ship at sea musk says falcon to have these payload will go into an elliptical orbit of the sun that extends as far out as the orbit of mars and will continue circling for hundreds of millions of years some people have criticized annoyance as an expensive stunt it came a day before musks tesla electric car an Energy StorageCompany Reported its biggest ever quarterly last seen lost more than six hundred seventy five Million Dollars in the last three months of twenty seventeen companies been spending heavily as it rolls out the next generation electric cars and social media platform twitter has reported its first ever quarterly net profits of ninety one Million Dollars it could be a sign that advertises are beginning to spread their online spending beyond facebook and google. Our production from u. S. Oil wells is an all time highs u. S. Energy officials are predicting output will top eleven Million Barrels per day by the end of the year but this could not come at a worse time for opec which is trying to cut production in order to wipe out over supply concerns and support prices surging u. S. Oil production could upset the supply and demand equation in the whole Global Oil Market and there are questions too over whether its potential is being overstated or joining us now from new york is and twan house Senior Research scholar at the Columbia University center on Global Energy policy as well as a Founding Partner of chaos a Data Analytics company for the Energy Markets good to have you with us so lets start off then with that key question about whether demand will keep up with with this increase in supply to what extent is this going to upset the whole supply and demand dynamic in the all markets. The man has been extremely robust the more we talk about the game and we talk about it a lot of the more of the man looks to be rising the stronger the man looks to be but probably the strength and demanded of us for years has been really a responsible crisis and though youre right theres a concern that if prices go back up. We would see some some of the men response we tend to underestimate short term demand responses theyre not so if you can get that seems and theyve also been some significant technical improvements in in the whole shale process and the way theyre able to get the oil out and how quickly theyre able to do that has that been a factor in all of this i think theres been lots of improvements i wouldnt say how quickly i think