Granted immunity from prosecution under a deal brokered as part of his resignation security and political sources have told aljazeera and guarantees his safety in zimbabwe i mean he wont go into exile they say mcgarvie wants to die in his home country those are the headlines here on aljazeera inside story is next. So that the that. Russias plan to end the war in syria after six years of fighting is the kremlin now in the diplomatic drivers seat and is the white house taking a backseat this is inside story. It was. It with. Jane dugan welcome to the program russias leader says a new stage has been set for a political solution to the war in syria let me a putin has welcomed the president s of iran and turkey to map out a strategy for when the fighting stops notably absent from the negotiating Table United States how much influence does President Donald Trump have over putin when it comes to syria and can peace really be achieved with Bashar Al Assad still in power well discuss this and more with our guests in a moment but first chalons reports from saatchi in southern russia. The war in syria is nearly over the three president s meeting in sochi now its time to rebuild the shattered country of lady may putin thinks a plan hes been pushing for weeks now is gaining momentum. I am satisfied by the fact that the president s of iran and turkey have supported an initiative to hold an all syrian forum a congress of National Dialogue in syria the kremlin driven Initiative Aims to bring a Broad Spectrum of Syrian Government opposition and Civil Society groups to sochi in early december to plan for the countrys future. And join me in congo we have all talked about oppositions all three countries have spoken in favor of convening this congress of National Dialogue. But the president has been telling putin he wont accept kurdish groups linked to the p. K. K. Being there and turkeys president still seems lukewarm on the idea. Of them. Let me agree with president putin and he said we need to build on the momentum achieved as we talked together with mr rouhani we agreed that we need to extend our ties in all the areas. Even less enthusiastic is the Syrian Opposition group the h n c which says it refuses to discuss the future of syria outside of the uns geneva framework at an opposition conference beginning in the saudi capital riyadh early indications are that groups will keep their insistence asaad must go despite pressure to compromise with his plan for a congress of National Dialogue russia seems keen to shake the political future of syria much like its already shapes the conflict if putin successful this will be to the benefits of his ally asaad and yet again the dreams of the opposition will suffer. Aljazeera. Lets not get the thoughts of our guests joining us in moscow Pavel Felgenhauer hes a Russia Defense and Foreign Policy analyst in Oxford Samuel Romani pacey candidates at the university of oxford samuel is a specialist in russian middle east of says and is a regular contributor to the diplomats and Washington Post and via skype in rome but im audie ambassador of the Syrian National coalition to italy a very warm welcome to the three of you imadi russias plan kind of where you like it they were using the plan of russia actually to change may interact the international agreed about by the security council. Resolution two to fight for it stimulated that Peace Process should start in geneva and. United nations facilitation and this has been given important for some time unfortunately did not want to negotiate russia is supporting now what is what is what is happening now and is an attempt by our effort to change that. Jack the reason these forces from geneva and change it into sochi to take their sortie now the problem is that in sochi they are going to invite about one thousand or more. From syria and from outside but they will invite more people. Who are supporting. The opposition who started the revolution in the first place so i think this conference we only. Morning to avoid the International Legitimacy decided by the United Nations they did that before by the way to invest then they separated the military track from. Diplomatic. Help by pressuring military groups to attend actually groups didnt have and you know they just attended to witness what was and the whole thing was devised by russia and iran but have a long and how are you as cynical when it comes to the russian plan of money would you make of the russian plan or if its just a plan to push russia to the front of everything thats happening in syria the man what syria is just a part of the big game thats happening in the middle east and all not only in the middle east for russia the main thing is to build an anti American Coalition with iran and hopefully with turkey on the basis of this Syrian Campaign of course iran and russia already kind of anti american Russian Military both by the poor and forces in syria russia outflanked nato but ultimate goal would be to part possibly pull turkey away from the United States and nato and of course syria is important because an asset is important for russia because he can guarantee that russia will retain military naval base on the syrian mediterranean coast and even more importantly and their bases there so this is just part of it and russia is using whats happening right now in syria to promote its overall strategic intentions which youre even much wider than the entire middle east sammael ramani. This plan it seems when you listen to both of these guys got very little to do with sirius rather pushing russia to the forefront and getting rid of the us there i think that this is more than just a ploy for syria and its all over bases and its all over tactical asses theyre just removing the u. S. And syria by using russias unique status is how they have that lovely favorable relationship with iran and saudi arabia and a wide range of other regional stakeholders combined with their outreach to both the kurds and the Syrian Government and u. S. Handful of Syrian Opposition factions russia is trying to demonstrate that it is able to preserve and has led to security in the entire middle east and using this excess in syria possibly as a present for future interventions in yemen and saudi arabia iran diplomatic standoff and with qatar so i think that this is a very significant step for russia russia is using as a benchmark and theres a lot of stake for them pavol you mentioned the reasons why russia would get involved also from a political point of view but what about putin trying to reinstate himself as an International Hard hitter and to divert attention away from the insurgency in his own country well actually it was rather a pretty magic move which happened in the last several years beginning from a wait from the russian war and short war with georgia when they go for naval forces went into the dominated it and the Russian Military are doing trying to do their best that that would never happen again that means moving out into the mediterranean moving out into the middle east gaining military bases and allies in the middle east boding bridges with our American Allies even with with israel and with saudi arabia and especially with turkey which is preoccupied of course right now mostly with the kurds the kurds in syria the kurds in turkey itself and the gun of course is preoccupied with also with his internal opposition and turkey and is. Very much annoyed by the United States refusing to extradite. Him from who he believes is our enemy from america so russia is using that so this is a kind of defensive push whether its trying to push russias Strategic Defensive winds as far away from russia from the cork as us deeper into the middle east into the mediterranean which is a very strong tradition the russian strategy coming from times of the czars actually but so how do you syrians feel about russia basically being given the go ahead to be in the diplomatic drivers seat when it comes to peace in the country i dont think russia is given that russia. Is trying to impose itself on the problem and it seems that they have weve given the go ahead havent them and said to me the u. S. Has been is nobody else has told bennett charge. You are right that americans have been passive. They have been sitting in the back seat but we dont know they now are trying to take in the north east of syria and have some bases there and they already dont and we dont know whats going to happen with. This statement from the spokesman in the white house telling direct that confidence in sochi is not going to work because he hinted to the International Legitimacy in geneva anyway for the syrians russian intervention is the one thing that prevented from falling down and therefore we can see that russia as an enemy because we know this Syrian People is to go back to normal life after forty years of dictatorship they have reported against this and they continue that neither washington or any other form of power is spent to stop them from. So russia. Succeeded in that conference because really. You know you should enforce this we know that. They cannot go on this. That is a problem isnt it the Syrian Opposition will not accept assad remaining in power and it seems that he is not going anyway so how do you get around that is a time for the opposition to say right we get it hes not going to go lets compromise on that issue i think that this is a very difficult problem is probably the biggest one and i think that there are however a lot of divisions that exist within the Syrian Opposition so stephanie mr a the u. N. Members than different syria urged the opposition to appear united but apparently that has not been the case i mean the energy who is the saudi representative has openly resigned from at which has been praised by the russians as a victory against extremism because it categorically wants no dialogue with assad but there are some other factions of the opposition whether they be some members of the s. D. F. Some members of the moderate opposition who are concerned about news or is risin in a live in some other areas who could be open to dialogue and could be open to negotiation but that being said i think russia has seen a lot like the seat and seen in israel palestine by the seen as a stakeholder thats pretending to be indifferent but actually has a vested interest and i think that lack of unity in the divisions within the the branches in saudi arabia the branches in egypt the greatest guitar the domestic branches in damascus all the factions within the Syrian Opposition and the fighting even amongst the even amongst the kurdish factions in amongst others racists very much the agreement on whether it had to go or stay very difficult as of now a lot of International Support and a lot of territory would rationally push them into a direction of a political settlement and as these for the which is the combined goal but i think that theres often an absence and dearth of rationality hemming from various factions in the opposition lets talk probably little bit more about divisions in the country and who gets water and who gets what spoils i mean how does that conversation develop is it something that assads regime should say all right the opposition can keep control of their resort for example or is in a position where he doesnt have to compromise. Well moscow would want him to compromise and take on board as much of the opposition as possible the Russian Military officers that are working on the so called the conflicting zones they are using more west the same tactics as the russians used in the northern caucasus and quelling the chichen. Opposition and separatist kind of recruiting within the opposition recruiting fighters in the opposition to making them turncoat and integrating them. Because but because of the fraction from the very fraction of the situation in syria over the different religious and ethnic groups thats very hard to do the pro a rainy and forces dont want to see the sunnis much around the our rights have their own interests everyone has his own interests and so its quite frustrating part often for the russian operatives on the ground to persuade the acid regime and other allies that the iranian web militias to begin to kind of integrates what parts of the opposition but that would be basically the russian goal russia has a very clear strategic go and buoys that it has clear tactical ways of achieving it the main problem. And like the United States doesnt apparently have any kind of clear view what it really wants to achieve i mean silent main there are only russia doesnt have enough air its arsenal any i mean where is the u. S. Here i mean they are notable by their absence we know that donald trump has placed a few calls but clearly syrias not top of his agenda is that a mistake for the u. S. To be removed at this time i think it is a mistake yes for the u. S. To be involved and not be involved in this conflict it is. Senden shed but i also think that russia is deliberately trying to make the negotiations in a way thats very very not amenable to the s. S. So much like the way holding talks in afghanistan right now the clean the taliban x. In the u. S. Theyre also not rebels as a debate themselves and distance themselves from some u. S. Backed opposition factions like the s. D. F. Russians notably been distancing themselves from them because of issues with some with arabs living in some others living in internal conflicts i mean theres been a lot of provocative actions from the russians either making the u. S. Not want to intervene that being said i think the United States should use its leverage over over saudi arabia qatar turkey external actors to continue to be either on the fence or backing Syrian Opposition to kind of urge their respective opposition groups or working within those countries to push for a political settlement that has not been done by champ and that that is a big problem but some if as you suggested earlier on all the opposition or going to the table either sycophants or theyve bought into russias plan are attending then what sort of compromises do you think would be played out here where do you think russia sorry the u. S. Should be sitting in this scenario what would the syrians like to see on on all sides the only thing acceptable by the Syrian People not only position im talking about all syrians from all all the religious groups whatever you want this talk about they are united on one thing i said must go to man after killing one Million People destroying the percent of the country. Half a Million People how can you imagine that such a person could go on ruling the country its not a matter of this ministry or that ministry its a measure of the future of Syrian People generations who have given up their mind because they were trying to fight against this dictatorship now the only thing acceptable by serious is the removal of that. If russia is not able to deliver that nothing will happen it will go on if we get stuck in the war and i think that you let it go in that swarm. Around in that. Because without removing nothing will happen and the iranians are insisting on keeping a sense in part because without him and would not have anything in syria that they have invested a lot and he is the only one who would keep that russia is on the same level they have also missed a lot and the only person who gives them as much as he gave is is. The major conflicts quite israel and the syrians and the world that this man who is accused of killing. Hundreds of thousands of people remains in power i mean he is the legitimate leader now the man to do business with yes of course russia russia our saga seen as essential. And embraced. In person and saatchi just a day ago and the Russian MilitaryIntelligence Community has been working with the asset family and its kind of circle of military intelligence people sense long time ago for forty years theres a lot of very much interaction personal interaction many of those people and those generals are known to russians stressed trained in Russian Military academies so keeping the acid and also keeping the assets family hierarchy of military and intelligence and security people thats seen as the only guarantee that russia could get that syria is going to be a reliable russian base in its kind of grand stand offs with the United States and the mediterranean and the middle Eastern Region so russia is not giving up assad the main problem of the russian effort in syria actually is that we dont have sufficient resources especially resources to rebuild syria konami and financial and without rebuilding there will be no peace there at all and theyve called on the International Community to help them rebuild a new i guess want to say well its your problem i mean theres a real concern ab