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What is plate tectonics? Becky Oskin © Provided by Live Science null From the deepest ocean trench to the tallest mountain, plate tectonics explains the features and movement of Earth s surface in the present and the past. Developed from the 1950s to the 1970s, the theory of plate tectonics is the modern update to continental drift, an idea first proposed by scientist Alfred Wegener in 1912 which stated that Earth’s continents had “drifted” across the planet over time. Wegener didn t have an explanation for how continents could move around the planet, but researchers do now: plate tectonics.  Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth s outer shell is divided into large slabs of solid rock, called “plates,” that glide over Earth s mantle, the rocky inner layer above Earth’s core. Earth’s solid outer layer, which includes the crust and the uppermost mantle, is called the lithosphere. It is 100 km (60 miles) thick, according to the Encyclopedia Br

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