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ABOUT A THOUSAND years ago, did something happen in Muslim thought which made the Islamic world resistant to social, intellectual and scientific innovation? As Mustafa Akyol, a Turkish-born writer who lives in America, points out in his new book, “Reopening Muslim Minds”, there are two sorts of people who say “yes” to that question. The first camp consists of mainstream Sunni Muslim theologians, who rejoice in the fact that in the 11th century, their religion cleansed itself from the alien influence of ancient Greek philosophy of Aristotle, in particular and generally from attitudes which emphasised reason and observation as opposed to the omnipotence of God. The second camp is made up of liberal Western historians who take a sceptical view of Islam’s development. Some maintain that precisely when the medieval Christian West was rediscovering the rationalist spirit of ancient Greek thought, the Muslim world was rejecting that spirit and limiting its own prospects. Muslims

United statesSunni muslimJonathan laurenceShadi hamidMustafa akyolAbu hamid al ghazaliBrookings institutionBoston collegeCato instituteChristian westAbu hamidLost reasonMiddle agesஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில்சுன்னி முஸ்லீம்ஜொனாதன் லாரன்ஸ்