Blood donation is a vital therapy for a number of life threatening conditions. South Africa needs around 810 000 units of blood every year. People needing blood transfusions include accident victims, those with anaemia and patients undergoing surgery.
But less than 1% of South Africans are active blood donors, which means regular shortages of supply. Glenda Mary Davison, a medical scientist with a special interest in haematological malignancy, immunology and inflammation, unpacks the blood donation process in South Africa.
What happens to the blood between donation and transfusion?
Before donation, donors wishing to give blood undergo a mini medical to ensure they are healthy and that it is safe for them to donate. This includes blood pressure measurements and completing a health questionnaire. Then, blood is drawn to test for HIV and other infectious diseases.
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The reasons for the hesitancy to donate blood are complex and include a fear of needles and lack of awareness. Awareness and education drives to dispel the fear of donating are important.