Discovery about emission control catalysts moves engineers closer to cleaner, more efficient fuels
Chemical and biomolecular engineer Chao Wang has discovered a new way of characterizing atomic structures in high-performance catalysts
Credit: Getty Images Feb 18, 2021
Environmental conservation and future sustainability require innovation from chemical engineers, who can make adjustments to the microscopic structure of materials or change how large-scale industrial production is performed. One pressing challenge the industry faces is mitigating environmentally polluting forms of nitric oxide, collectively called NOx, emitted from automobile engines and industries.
A team led by Chao Wang, a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Johns Hopkins University s Whiting School of Engineering and an expert in high-performance catalysts, has discovered a new way to quantitatively characterize the atomic structures of active sites a location on an enz
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Researchers at Uppsala University and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences have used new methods for DNA sequencing and annotation to build a new, and more complete, dog reference genome. This tool will serve as the foundation for a new era of research, helping scientists to better understand the link between DNA and disease, in dogs and in their human friends. The research is presented in the journal
Communications Biology.
The dog has been aiding our understanding of the human genome since both genomes were released in the early 2000s. At that time, a comparison of both genomes, and two others, revealed that the human genome contained circa 20,000 genes, down from the around 100,000 predicted earlier. In the new study, researchers led by Dr Jennifer Meadows and Professor Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, have greatly improved the dog genome, identifying missing genes and highlighting regions of the genome that regulate when these genes are on or off.
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(Philadelphia, PA) - Like a failing fuel pump that causes a loss of engine power in a car, a diseased heart can take a serious toll on the body s performance. For some patients, tasks like walking up a flight of stairs or walking across a room eventually turn into exhausting endeavors. This is because, over time, regardless of the underlying cause, heart damage typically progresses, owing to a constant barrage of oxidative stress and toxic lipids that alter heart cell energetics and, ultimately, the ability of the heart to function normally.
Oxidative stress occurs when harmful oxygen-containing molecules outnumber helpful antioxidants, leading to damaging reactions with proteins, DNA, and other cell components. Now, in two new studies, researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University (LKSOM) show that in the heart, one molecule in particular, Kruppel-like factor (KLF)-5, single-handedly fuels both the generation of oxidizing molecules and the accumul