man. malcolm little was born into a family of activists. his parents, earl and louise, were active followers of marcus garvey s negro improvement organization. it drew on the themes of africanism, promoting black pride. marcus garvey said the world has made being black a crime. i ll make it a virtue. that the world said black history is a curse. black freedom is a pipe dream. black hope is a joke. my father s father, papa earl, was a young garvey-ite. he was a minister. it was during the jim crow era. and he was encouraging african-american communities to be self-reliant, to be