Scholarly research of slavery and the histories of African America shows the 13th Amendment’s exception clause reinvented slave labor and involuntary servitude behind prison walls.
America's modern-day slavery: A fatal flaw in the 13th Amendment created our forced labor prison system milwaukeeindependent.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from milwaukeeindependent.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
How the 13th Amendment's Fatal Flaw Created Modern-Day Convict Slavery counterpunch.org - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from counterpunch.org Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
Given the political realities and economic imperatives at play, free prison labor will persist in America for the foreseeable future, leaving in serious doubt the idea of American freedom.