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Chemical engineers at UNSW Sydney have found a way to make green ammonia from air, water and renewable electricity that does not require the high temperatures, high pressure and huge infrastructure currently needed to produce this essential compound.
And the new production method - demonstrated in a laboratory-based proof of concept - also has the potential to play a role in the global transition towards a hydrogen economy, where ammonia is increasingly seen as a solution to the problem of storing and transporting hydrogen energy.
In a paper published today in
Energy and Environmental Science, the authors from UNSW and University of Sydney say that ammonia synthesis was one of the critical achievements of the 20th century. When used in fertilisers that quadrupled the output of food crops, it enabled agriculture to sustain an ever-expanding global population.
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Chemical researchers develop “green” ammonia Ammonia has sustained humanity since the early 20th century, but its production leaves a huge carbon footprint. Now researchers have found a way to make it 100 per cent renewable.
The researchers used a bubble column to break down nitrogen, creating reactive water which was then processed in a second electrochemistry reactor. Credit: Professor Patrick ‘PJ’ Cullen.
Ammonia is one of the world’s most important chemicals that supports global food supply, used primarily in the production of fertilizer, enabling better agricultural productivity.
However, the production of ammonia is incredibly energy-intensive, accounting for roughly two percent of global energy consumption. It is also highly eco-destructive, comprising 1.4 percent of total global CO2 emissions.