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The Tours Congress and the Birth of the French Communist Party
It is now 100 years since the Tours Congress of 25 to 31 December 1920, when the majority of delegates of the French Section of the Workers International (SFIO) voted to join the Third International.
Whilst the Communist Party of Italy (PCd’I) was formed on the basis of a real, open split from the pacifist, opportunist and parliamentarian Social Democrats, the French Communist Party (PCF) adhered to the positions of the International but held onto the gangrenous parliamentarist and opportunist majority that led it.
It was an evolution in a completely opposite direction. The left fraction1 would have to wait several years before it came to lead the PCF (from 1923 to 1924) before being rapidly expelled from it by the bolshevisation, and then the stalinisation, of the party. The PCd’I, on the other hand, was led by its left wing from its creation, having broken quite cleanly with the opportunists of all shades, befor
JUST over 100 years ago in 1920 on Christmas Day in Tours, delegates to the SFIO (French Section of the Workers International, the left wing of the Socialist Party) filled the Loire city’s indoor riding academy and opened the way to the foundation of the French Communist Party (PCF).
Eighteen years previously, in 1902, the French Socialist Party (PSF) was founded when Jean Jaures, an independent socialist politician, was eventually elected its leader.
Jaures, founder of the socialist daily l’Humanite, always opposed war and fought for a unified socialist movement.
But following his assassination in 1914, the PSF abandoned its anti-militarist position and supported WWI.