The emergence of natural selection, requiring that reproducing entities present variations that may be inherited and passed on, was arguably the most important breakthrough in the self-organization of life. In this Perspective, the assumptions governing biological reproduction are confronted with physico-chemical principles that control the evolution of material systems. In biology, the reproduction of living organisms is never considered to be reversible, whereas microscopic reversibility is an essential principle in the physical description of matter. Here, we show that this discrepancy places constraints on the possibility of finding kinetic processes in the chemical world that are equivalent to natural selection in the biological one. Chemical replicators can behave in a similar fashion to living entities, provided that the reproduction cycle proceeds in a unidirectional way. For this to be the case, kinetic barriers must hinder the reverse process. The system must, thus,
IL Governor signed law HB 4412, requiring counties and municipalities adopt statewide standards for solar, wind facilities. Law requires authorities rewrite zoning ordinances to match standards in law and precludes bans, moratoria on future approvals of renewable facilities
Inflation Reduction Act May Increase and Broaden Energy Tax Incentives cpapracticeadvisor.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from cpapracticeadvisor.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.