Immune imprinting was first described in the context of influenza as “original antigenic
sin” by Thomas Francis Jr in 1960.1 Influenza imprinting might nudge the immune response
towards conserved regions of currently circulating influenza virus strains, rather
than the most immunogenic region of the dominant strain of the future influenza epidemics.
Similar concerns have been raised for SARS-CoV-2, in particular, whether previous
vaccination or infection with pre-omicron variants might impair responses against
currently circulating strains.
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