The Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah, are a militant group controlling northern Yemen, formed in the 1990s by Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi, following the Zaidi branch of Shia Islam. As part of the Bakil confederation, the largest tribal group in Yemen, they emerged due to historical grievances, economic exclusion, and opposition to Saudi influence and Salafism. The Houthi movement gained momentum after the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 and drew inspiration from Hezbollah and support from Iran. Despite military campaigns by Yemen's President Saleh and Saudi Arabia, the Houthis remained resilient. They played a crucial role in the Yemeni civil war since 2014, controlling Hudeidah port and causing significant civilian casualties. With an estimated 20,000 fighters, led by Abdul-Malik al-Houthi, the group recently escalated attacks on Red Sea shipping, prompting military responses from the US and UK. The Houthi rebels, confident in their victories, now pose a heightened challenge to the
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