Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent mental disorder globally, with a greater morbidity rate among females than males. MDD encompasses both psychological and physical symptoms, and is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease (CMD), encompassing obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. This is attributed to shared pathophysiology, including endocrine dysregulation, inflammation, and stress. However, there is limited understanding of the roles of and complex interactions between biological, psychological and physical contributors to the association between MDD and CMD. Prolactin, thyroid hormones, insulin and pro-inflammatory cytokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of both MDD and CMD. Prolactin is associated with stress and weight gain but there is limited research in MDD; cytokines are relevant to the inflammatory theory of MDD but sex differences have not been extensively examined; thyroid hormone dysfunction is
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Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health disorder characterised by impairments in affect, behaviour, identity, and interpersonal relationships. Personal agency, operationalised by locus of control, refers to the extent that individuals feel that they have control over their outcomes. Low personal agency is understood as the tendency for individuals to perceive outcomes as a result of external factors, such as luck, chance, or fate. High personal agency is the extent that individuals perceive outcomes as dependent on their own personal characteristics, such as effort or ability. Low personal agency has been shown to be associated with greater BPD symptoms; however, no known studies have assessed these constructs together over time. Adult attachment styles consist of secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissive, and previous research has shown a relationship between BPD symptoms and insecure attachment. The association between low personal agency and adult att
Background: When someone with lived experience of mental health difficulties provides help to others with similar difficulties, it is generally called peer support. Peer support may be one way to enhance interpersonal relationships, a factor known to improve recovery from borderline personality disorder (BPD). There is little known about peer support in BPD.
Method: Four qualitative studies evaluated peer support for BPD. First, theory was built through an exploration to determine perceptions and possible models of peer support for BPD (Study One). Next, the application of peer support for consumers with BPD and their carers was examined from multiple perspectives (Study Two and Three). Finally, a new peer and clinician co-facilitated group for consumers with BPD was piloted (Study Four).
Results: Consumers with BPD reported experiencing increased hope and connectedness through peer support. Consumer peer workers, however can experience stigma and mistreatment in the workplace (Study O