D. W. You know that seventy seven percent. Are younger than six of. Guts me and me and you. And you know what its time all voices. On the seventy seven percent to talk about the issues that. There is a plan to cut. The seventy seven percent this weekend on d w. In the one Nine Hundred Twenty s. The Russian Revolution and the Armenian Genocide led to millions of people being forced to leave their homelands to make it impossible for them to return to their
respective rulers revoke their citizenship on matters. Jurists introduced the term stateless to describe people who had been driven into permanent exile. Writer Vladimir Noble Cause himself one of those affected said it was as if they had dropped off the face of the planet over two Million People mainly russians and armenians were brutally up rooted in force to begin a new life elsewhere they dispersed to the four corners of the earth. But in spite of all their misfortune the stateless people were lucky enough to have a headstrong huma
in december of one nine hundred twenty one issued a decree in the form of an ultimatum. all russians living outside of the country were called upon to recognize the new regime and had three months in which to register at a soviet consulate if they failed to do so by this deadline their citizenship would be revoked one and a half million russians ignored this ultimatum and consequently became state less. the bolshevik government s wholesale and collective disenfranchisement of millions was completely unprecedented with a simple decree a stroke of a pen people s worlds fell apart. piece couldn t. because russians who weren t living in russia were no longer russian
nansen assembled a group of lawyers comprised of stateless russians together they considered what rights and responsibilities would be associated with such an identity document for different host countries their goal was to coordinate residency and working conditions and to facilitate travel nansen embarked on a bearable world tour to present and promote his passport in as many countries as possible. look i m single so i commissioned munson and his office which was linked to the league of nations had virtually no financial resources and when no funding didn t do all they had was an operating budget that was simply ridiculous rigid function mulching to true the league of nations gave nansen just fifteen thousand pounds sterling which were allocated for the evacuation of the refugees from constantinople. when
minorities out of the ottoman empire and so the russians who were also orthodox christians were unwelcome. the red cross cared for the russian refugees as best they could but soon realized that the problem was too big for them to handle on their own they sent a telegram to the diplomats at the league of nations who decided to create the post of high commissioner for refugees and gave the job to frege of months. you should not send a decision to make munson high commissioner for refugees was prompted by the success of his mission to repatriate the prisoners of war. in addition that the league of nations humanitarian affairs were considered matters for smaller nations . so the major powers were more than happy to intrust this task to the representative of the nordic country a few resource. when once in arrived in constantinople in his function as high
to some entrance and exit visas and identity papers were now required most everywhere book reduce but as many russians had left their country with documents that were only valid in their own land and had since expired or had no idea at all they had nothing to show. this morning the first time that europe was confronted with the issue of undocumented migrants a solution had to be found which would allow these people to travel within europe. the idea for the nuns and passport was born in the p.s. if you know it was called a certificate at first it was the solution to a very concrete and urgent problem it was your house you. these kinds of then there never really been any agreement at the european level on the refugee issue so this was a real innovation and one that was realized in a very short time and will cool.