Linear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)
for real-time mediastinal tissue sampling was a transformative development in the
evolving landscape of cancer diagnosis. Techniques for fine needle aspiration of mediastinal
masses had been described as early as 1949 and then by Wang and colleagues1 in 1978;
however, major technological advances were necessary for EBUS-TBNA to become a mainstream
tool in the modern era. With non-inferior sensitivity, and favourable risk profile
and cost-effectiveness, compared with gold-standard surgical mediastinoscopy, linear
EBUS-TBNA has emerged as the recommended initial modality for assessment of mediastinal
and hilar pathology.
Airborne wind energy has evolved over the last decade from a collection of conceptual ideas and early small-scale tests into a thriving research and development sector, yielding a wide variety of developments with power outputs ranging up to several hundred kilowatts.