Scientific American
The Forgotten History of the World’s First Trans Clinic
The Institute for Sexual Research in Berlin would be a century old if it hadn’t fallen victim to Nazi ideology
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Magnus Hirschfeld, right, and his protege and partner Li Shiu Tong, left, at the Fourth Congress of the World League for Sexual Reform, 1932. Credit: Wellcome Images
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The first gender affirmation surgeries took place in 1920s, at a facility which employed transgender technicians and nurses, and which was headed by a gay Jewish man. The forgotten history of the institute, and its fall to Nazis bent on the euthanasia of homosexuals and transgender people, offers us both hope and a cautionary tale in the face of oppressive anti-trans legislation in the United States.
‘Philip was one of the boys’: Meet the survivors of the Duke of Edinburgh’s Guinea Pig Club
Offering pioneering plastic surgery to pilots who received life-changing injuries in the war, it s the ‘most exclusive club in the world’
15 April 2021 • 5:00am
The Duke of Edinburgh was the club s president from 1960 to 2017
Credit: Richard Pohle - WPA Pool/Getty Images
There have only ever been two presidents of the Guinea Pig Club, and Bob Marchant has been privileged enough to meet them both. The first was in 1956 when, after leaving the RAF, he took up a position at the Queen Victoria Hospital in East Grinstead where Sir Archibald McIndoe was treating pilots who had suffered life-changing injuries in the war.
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