determined enemy. but this is not a new phenomenon inside russia. at the same time this is happening, the europeans are still trying very hard to work with putin. you have a slew of calls, nine with the french president emanuel macron, five with the german chancellor, four times with turkey. i mean, it s a lot of communications, to what end? well, keep communications open, right? the old churchill quote, better to jaw drop than war. there is already a conflict in place. if there is going to be any de-escalation, if there is going to be a peace treaty, whether weeks or months, there has to be a line of communication open. that s what you re seeing macron doing, the new german chancellor olaf scholes doing. to keep talking and not foreclose opportunities. no one seems to believe that more than macron. he s been dedicated to talking to putin, frankly probably listening to putin rather than talking to putin.