The article presented below was published to mark the thirtieth anniversary of the Carnation Revolution. It explains how the Socialist Party and the Communist Party of Portugal, assisted by pseudo-left groups that served as appendages to the main labour bureaucracies, were responsible for its defeat.
For the first time since the 1974 Carnation Revolution toppled the fascistic Salazar regime, a Portuguese election led to a victory for a right-wing coalition in which the far right plays a central role.