Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop in the world that forms root nodules with diverse rhizobia. Aiming to learning the rhizobial communities associated with common bean in the black soil of Northeast China, 79 rhizobia were isolated from root nodules of two host varieties (Cuican and Jiadouwang) grown in two sites of blackland, and were characterized by comparative sequence analyses of 16S rRNA, recA, atpD, nodC, nifH genes and whole genome. As results, Rhizobium indigoferae, R. anhuiense and R. croatiense as minor groups and three dominant novel Rhizobium species were identified based on their ANI and DDH values to the type strains of relative species. This community composition of rhizobia associated with common bean in the tested black soils was unique. Despite their different species affiliation, all of them were identified into the symbiovar phaseoli according to the phylogenies of symbiotic genes (nodC and nifH). While the discrepancies found in nodC and nifH
Yunnan Baiyao solution can promote the differentiation of HPDLFs and the generation of capillaries on Bio-Oss® collagen scaffold in a dose-dependent manner.
The spatial distribution of fish individuals is affected by habitat conditions and species ecological characteristics, and it also reflects the longtime adaptation to habitat at the phenotypic and genotypic level. Adaptation to a typical habitat over a long period of time causes fish species to form a distinct geographic population. As a typical river-lake migratory fish, the silver carp habitat selection was determined by its migration preference and genetic features. In this study, 15 microsatellite fluorescent markers combined with capillary electrophoresis were used to analyze the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, and structure of wild silver carp populations in the Sanzhou (SZ), Hukou (HK), Anqing (AQ), Zhenjiang (ZJ), and Rugao (RG) sections of the Yangtze River. The results showed that 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci exhibited medium to high polymorphisms (polymorphic information content (PIC) range 0.466-0.918. The overall genetic diversity in the Yangtze River w
19,20 SPIOs have been widely examined for toxicological effects both in vitro and in vivo.
21–23 Mn-IONPs may exhibit totally different cytotoxicity, however, because Mn
2+-doping changes the crystal structure and increases the number of structural defects that disrupt the well structured electronic configuration of SPIO NPs.
18 Conceptually, the latent potential of Mn
2+ release allows the possibility of metal ion interaction with the intracellular components, which may result in the adverse effects on cell survival.
24,25 Thus, the biological effects of Mn-IONPs need to be specifically investigated. Until recently, researchers have examined the biocompatibility of Mn-IONPs and consistently found that they show a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity.