MIT researchers developed a faster and simpler way to model the forces needed to push, wiggle, and drill an object through soft, granular material in real-time. The methods could help engineers drive a rover over Martian soil, anchor a ship in rough seas, and walk a robot through sand and mud.
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Surfing and nose riding explained by Newtonian physics
May 27, 2021 |
Surfing
The physics of surfing is an enigma.
In particular, it is unproven how a surfboard can grip the water with sufficient force to allow a surfer to stand at the tip of a surfboard while riding a wave, i.e., noseriding.
In short, according to Newtonian mechanics, the wave pushes the surfboard upwards.
The force generated (Force = ma) depends on the mass of water (m) accelerated (a) relative to the surfboard.
The surfboard uses this force to gain velocity and move laterally along the wave.
The curved part of the surfboard s edge grips the water due to the Coanda effect.
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IMAGE: Engineers and physicists from MIT and Georgia Tech are enabling near real-time modeling of wheels, treads, and desert animals traveling at high speeds across sandy terrains. Dynamic Resistive Force Theory, . view more
Credit: Photo by Jack Delulio on Unsplash
Granular materials, such as sand and gravel, are an interesting class of materials. They can display solid, liquid, and gas-like properties, depending on the scenario. But things can get complicated in cases of high-speed vehicle locomotion, which cause these materials to enter a triple-phase nature, acting like all three fundamental phases of matter at the same time.
As reported in the April 23, 2021 issue of the journal