Nature. The findings build on the previous paper and cap a more than 20-year intellectual journey.
From Complexes to Condensates
With Spo11 and its partners finally purified, the scientists could ask how all these proteins interact with one another by studying them in the controlled environment of a test tube. The results were surprising.
“We knew there were 10 proteins total in the cutting process nine other proteins in addition to Spo11,” Dr. Keeney says. “Based on how other cellular enzyme complexes are thought to work, we assumed that these 10 proteins functioned as a discrete, functional unit. But what we show in this paper is that it’s not that way at all.”
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From the perspective of A. Murat Eren, PhD, the mouth is the perfect place to study microbial communities. Not only is it the beginning of the GI tract, but it s also a very special and small environment that s microbially diverse enough that we can really start to answer interesting questions about microbiomes and their evolution, said Eren, an assistant professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Chicago. There s a surprising amount of site specificity, in that you find defined patterns of microbes in different areas of the mouth the microbes associated with the tongue are very different from those on the plaque on your teeth, he continued. Your tongue microbes are more similar to those living on someone else s tongue than they are to those living in your throat or on your gums!
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Robin Murphy and
Ayanna Howard from our first “25 women in robotics you need to know about” list in 2013 and 2014. These women give unstintingly of their time, creating robots that improve the quality of life, advancing research, inspiring and supporting students, and sharing their passion for engineering with the world.
Ayanna Howard says “I think as engineers we have an amazing power, where we can take people’s wishes and convert them into reality”
And Robin Murphy agrees, “My job is so incredibly fulfilling, it’s about the science and technology and the way it could be used for societal good, that’s a big deal to me,”