tunnel, they ve completed all the initial preparations. they ve got to go forward at some time. but this is a real test of how much leverage beijing has over pyongyang, and so far i think the chinese are winning. elizabeth: elaborate a little bit on the relationship between beijing and north korea. if i m not mistaken, in 2017 the trade between the two countries has increased up to 37%. so what is the end game here in beijing? what is the goal that they re trying to obtain? yeah, i think the short-term goal is that they want to use north korea against the u.s. because every time north korea does something provocative, we then become distracted in our conversations with china over issues that we think are important such as cyber theft, red story trade practices predatory trade practices, you name it. and also we always send a secretary of state to beijing to plead for their cooperation, so beijing thinks this endlessly creates bargaining chips for them.