Coldest: how a letter to Einstein and advances in laser-cooling technology led physicists to new quantum states of matter – Physics World physicsworld.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from physicsworld.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
Element: Lithium (Li)
Atomic Number: 3
Mass: Two stable isotopes, masses 6 and 7 amu
Laser cooling wavelength: 671 nm
Doppler cooling limit: 140 μK.
Chemical classification: Alkali metal, column I in the periodic table. Yet another greyish metal. We're almost done with alkalis, I promise. Less reactive than any of the others, so the explosions in water aren't very impressive.
A quantum simulator at Rice University is giving physicists a clear look at spin-charge separation, the quantum world’s version of the magician’s illusion of sawing a person in half.Published this week in Science, the research has implications for qu