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Seroprevalence studies monitoring SARS-CoV-2 among vaccinees require more than spike assays
Researchers in the United States have shown that an antibody test measuring host reactivity to the nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may better detect natural infection among vaccinated individuals than an assay that measures reactivity to the viral spike protein.
The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is the agent responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that continues to pose a significant threat to global public health and the worldwide economy.
The viral spike protein mediates the initial stage of the infection process by binding to host cell receptors, while the nucleocapsid protein is involved in packaging the viral genome into new virions once SARS-CoV-2 has accessed a cell.