Montreal's police force, the Service de police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM), is the second-largest in Quebec, just after the Sûreté du Québec (SQ). Like other police forces in Quebec, the SPVM is held accountable by the Bureau des inquêtes indépendantes (BEI). This independent office investigates cases in which civilians were hurt or killed by Quebec police, and was responsible for managing over 50 cases across Quebec in 2022 alone.